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Liver Diseases. An Essential Guide for Nurses and Health Care Professionals. Edition No. 1

  • Book

  • 354 Pages
  • May 2009
  • John Wiley and Sons Ltd
  • ID: 1047385
Liver disease is a rapidly growing speciality, and nurses and health care professionals need to have the relevant knowledge and skills to care for patients with liver problems in a safe and effective way. Liver Diseases is a comprehensive, evidence-based, practical guide to the nursing care and management of patients with liver disease.

Liver Diseases explores a range of liver conditions, including cirrhosis, portal hypertension, alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, Wilson’s disease and acute liver failure.  It looks at the anatomy & physiology of the liver, assessment of liver function and diagnostic studies, acute and chronic liver disease, pregnancy related liver disease, liver transplantation and infectious liver diseases. For each condition the epidemiology, complications and nursing management are provided, along with illustrative case studies and further reading. Liver Diseases is an invaluable tool for all nurses and health care professionals working with people with liver disease.

SPECIAL FEATURES

  • The first UK book on care of the liver from a nursing and healthcare perspective
  • Written by a well-respected and renowned author in the field
  • Covers a wide spectrum of liver diseases, with relevant nursing management guidelines
  • With case studies, further reading and illustrations throughout

Table of Contents

List of contributors

Foreword

Acknowledgements

1 Anatomy and physiology

Introduction

The liver

Hepatic microstructure

Carbohydrate metabolism

Fat metabolism

Protein metabolism

Clotting factors

Storage of vitamins/iron

Blood cleansing

Processing of drugs and other xenobiotics

Excocrine function

Bilirubin

Liver cirrhosis/fibrosis

Chapter summary

2 Assessment of liver function and diagnostic studies

Introduction

Patient history

Signs of liver disease

Laboratory tests

Diagnostic studies

Complications and considerations

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

3 Jaundice

Introduction

Classification of jaundice

Bilirubin formation

Bile functions

Diseases of bilirubin metabolism

Investigations

Malabsorption

Gallbladder disease

Drug-induced jaundice

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Additional considerations

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

4 Portal hypertension

Introduction

Definition

Causes

Consequences

Clinical features

Investigations

Management of variceal haemorrhage

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

5 Ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hyponatraemia and hepatorenal failure

Introduction

Definition

Classification

Pathogenesis of ascites formation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Hyponatraemia

Hepatorenal syndrome

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

6 Hepatic encephalopathy

Introduction

Definition

Pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy

Classification of hepatic encephalopathy

Diagnosis and investigations

Treatment and management of hepatic encephalopathy

Hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

7 Alcohol-related liver disease

Introduction

Incidence

Metabolism of alcohol

Pathophysiology

Clinical features

Alcoholic hepatitis

Nursing considerations

Alcohol-withdrawal therapies and protocols

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

8 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Introduction

Definition

Disease prevalence

Risk factors

Natural history of NAFLD

Clinical features

Diagnosis

Pathogenesis

Disease management

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

9 Viral hepatitis

Introduction

Hepatitis A virus

Hepatitis E virus

Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis D virus

Hepatitis C virus

Hepatitis and HIV co-infection

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

10 Autoimmune hepatitis

Introduction

Pathogenesis

Clinical features

Classification

Diagnosis

Complications

Variant syndrome

Treatment

Pregnancy and autoimmune hepatitis

Liver transplantation

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

11 Primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis

Introduction

Primary biliary cirrhosis

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

12 Metabolic liver disease

Introduction

Wilson’s disease

Haemochromatosis

Alpha-1-antitryspin deficiency

Cystic fibrosis

Porphyria

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

13 Acute liver failure

Introduction

Definition

Aetiology

Presentation

Transfer criteria

Disease management

Liver transplantation

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

14 Nutrition in liver disease

Introduction

Malnutrition and nutritional assessment

Dietetic management of ascites

Nutrition in hepatic encephalopathy

Malabsorption and steatorrhoea

Diabetes in liver disease

Osteodystrophy

Types of nutritional support in chronic liver disease

Nutritional support in alcoholic liver disease

Refeeding syndrome

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Post-transplant nutrition

Chapter summary

15 Drug-induced liver injury

Introduction

Mechanisms of hepatotoxicity

Diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury

Classification of drug injury

Commonly used drugs that cause hepatotoxicity

Herbal remedies for treatment in liver disease

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

16 Pregnancy-related liver disease

Introduction

Normal changes during pregnancy

Liver diseases specific to pregnancy

Pregnancy in pre-existing liver disease

Pregnancy post liver transplantation

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

17 Hepatobiliary malignancies

Introduction

Definition

Primary liver cancer

Bile duct cancer

Secondary liver cancer

Diagnosing hepatobiliary malignancy

Treatment options

Nursing management

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

18 Liver transplantation

Introduction

Indications for liver transplantation

Pretransplant assessment

Pretransplant education

Consent

Waiting list management

Allocation of organs

Liver transplant surgery

Immunosuppressive therapy

Graft rejection

Discharge planning and patient information

Quality of life following liver transplantation

Long-term management in the liver recipient

Chapter summary

Illustrative case study

Index

Samples

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Authors

Suzanne Sargent King's College London.