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Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals

  • Book

  • August 2011
  • Elsevier Science and Technology
  • ID: 1761460

This book describes and explains the methods by which three related ores and recyclables are made into high purity metals and chemicals, for materials processing. It focuses on present day processes and future developments rather than historical processes.

Nickel, cobalt and platinum group metals are key elements for materials processing. They occur together in one book because they (i) map together on the periodic table (ii) occur together in many ores and (iii) are natural partners for further materials processing and materials manufacturing. They all are, for example, important catalysts - with platinum group metals being especially important for reducing car and truck emissions. Stainless steels and CoNiFe airplane engine super alloys are examples of practical usage.

The product emphasises a sequential, building-block approach to the subject gained through the author's previous writings (particularly Extractive Metallurgy of Copper in four editions) and extensive experience. Due to the multiple metals involved and because each metal originates in several types of ore - e.g. tropical ores and arctic ores this necessitates a multi-contributor work drawing from multiple networks and both engineering and science.

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Table of Contents

Overview; Nickel Occurrence, Production, Use and Price; Production of Ferronickel and Nickel from Laterite Ore Ore Upgrading; Smelting Laterite Concentrates to Ferronickel Dewatering and Calcination/Reduction; Smelting Laterite Concentrates to Ferronickel Electric Furnace Reduction/Melting; Refining Ferronickel; Smelting Laterite Concentrates to Sulfide Matte; Roasting Ni Matte to Oxide and Metal; Capture of SO2 as Sulfuric Acid; Hydrometallurgy of Laterite ores Overview and High Temperature Sulfuric Acid Leaching; Solid/Liquid Separation; Solution Purification and Sulfide Precipitation; Extraction of Nickel from Sulfide ores Introduction and Concentrate Production; Smelting Sulfide Concentrates Introduction and Electric Furnace Smelting; Flash Smelting Ni Sulfide Concentrates; Oxidizing Molten Smelting Furnace Matte (Converting); Separation of Matte into Three Phases; Carbonyl Refining of Impure Ni Metal; Hydrometallurgical Production of High Purity Nickel from Ni Sulfide Intermediates; Co/Ni Separation and Solution Purification; Electrowinning and H2 Reduction of Nickel and Cobalt; Cobalt Occurrence, Production, Use and Price; Extraction of Cobalt from Sulfide Ores; Extraction of Cobalt from Laterite Ores; Extraction of Cobalt from Central African Co-Cu Ores; Platinum Group Metal Occurrence, Production, Use and Price; Production of Pt Sulfide Concentrates; Smelting Pt Concentrates to Matte; Preparing Pt Refinery Feed from Matte; Pt Group Metal Refining; Recycling of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals. Appendices A Metal Properties; B Stoichiometric Data; C Thermodynamic Data; D Minor processes e.g. Moroccan Arsenic Ore Processing

Authors

Frank Crundwell Director, CM Solutions, Parklands, South Africa. Editorial board of the journal "Hydrometallurgy” and been an assistant editor.

I lectured hydrometallurgy for ten years while at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

I have numerous publications in the fields that make up hydrometallurgy - leaching, electrometallurgy, electrochemistry, bacterial leaching.

I have worked in the field for nearly thirty years. I have run a professional consultancy working in the field of hydrometallurgy for the last ten years. Michael Moats University of Utah, UT, USA. Venkoba Ramachandran Ram consultants, AZ, USA. Tim Robinson Freeport-McMoRan Mining Company. W. G. Davenport University of Arizona, AZ, USA.

Professor William George Davenport is a graduate of the University of British Columbia and the Royal School of Mines, London. Prior to his academic career he worked with the Linde Division of Union Carbide in Tonawanda, New York. He spent a combined 43 years of teaching at McGill University and the University of Arizona.

His Union Carbide days are recounted in the book Iron Blast Furnace, Analysis, Control and Optimization (English, Chinese, Japanese, Russian and Spanish editions).

During the early years of his academic career he spent his summers working in many of Noranda Mines Company's metallurgical plants, which led quickly to the book Extractive Metallurgy of Copper. This book has gone into five English language editions (with several printings) and Chinese, Farsi and Spanish language editions.

He also had the good fortune to work in Phelps Dodge's Playas flash smelter soon after coming to the University of Arizona. This experience contributed to the book Flash Smelting, with two English language editions and a Russian language edition and eventually to the book Sulfuric Acid Manufacture (2006), 2nd edition 2013.

In 2013 co-authored Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals, which took him to all the continents except Antarctica.

He and four co-authors are just finishing up the book Rare Earths: Science, Technology, Production and Use, which has taken him around the United States, Canada and France, visiting rare earth mines, smelters, manufacturing plants, laboratories and recycling facilities.

Professor Davenport's teaching has centered on ferrous and non-ferrous extractive metallurgy. He has visited (and continues to visit) about 10 metallurgical plants per year around the world to determine the relationships between theory and industrial practice. He has also taught plant design and economics throughout his career and has found this aspect of his work particularly rewarding. The delight of his life at the university has, however, always been academic advising of students on a one-on-one basis.

Professor Davenport is a Fellow (and life member) of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum and a twenty-five year member of the (U.S.) Society of Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration. He is recipient of the CIM Alcan Award, the TMS Extractive Metallurgy Lecture Award, the AusIMM Sir George Fisher Award, the AIME Mineral Industry Education Award, the American Mining Hall of Fame Medal of Merit and the SME Milton E. Wadsworth award. In September 2014 he will be honored by the Conference of Metallurgists' Bill Davenport Honorary Symposium in Vancouver, British Columbia (his home town).