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Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases

  • Book

  • December 2010
  • Elsevier Science and Technology
  • ID: 1762061
Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases is at the crossroads between two major scientific fields of the 21st century: evolutionary biology and infectious diseases. The genomic revolution has upset modern biology and has revolutionized our approach to ancient disciplines such as evolutionary studies. In particular, this revolution is profoundly changing our view on genetically driven human phenotypic diversity, and this is especially true in disease genetic susceptibility. Infectious diseases are indisputably the major challenge of medicine. When looking globally, they are the number one killer of humans and therefore the main selective pressure exerted on our species. Even in industrial countries, infectious diseases are now far less under control than 20 years ago. The first part of this book covers the main features and applications of modern technologies in the study of infectious diseases. The second part provides detailed information on a number of the key infectious diseases such as malaria, SARS, avian flu, HIV, tuberculosis, nosocomial infections and a few other pathogens that will be taken as examples to illustrate the power of modern technologies and the value of evolutionary approaches.

Table of Contents

1. Molecular epidemiology and species definition of pathogens 2. Virus species 3. Viral evolution 4. Species concept in bacteria 5. Population structure of pathogenic bacteria 6. Evolution and pathogenesis of fungal organisms 7. Clonal evolution 8. Co-evolution between host and pathogen 9. Elucidating human migration by means of their pathogens 10. Phylogenetic analysis of pathogens 11. Evolutionary effects of infectious diseases on humans 12. General human population genetics, major genomic projects and their relevance for biomedical research 13. Pathogen and vector sequencing projects 14. Proteomics and Host-Pathogen Interactions: a bright future? 15. Evolution of antibiotic resistance 16. Mechanisms of antiviral resistance 17. Evolution of resistance to insecticides in disease vectors 18. Genetics of major insect vectors 19. Modern morphometrics of medically important insects 20. Multilocus sequence typing of pathogens 21. Analysis of pathogen evolution using microarrays 22. The bioinformatics revolution and infectious diseases 23. Genomics of infectious diseases and private industry 24. Pharmacogenetics: The à la carte medicine of tomorrow? 25. Experimental recombination in trypanosomes: its relevance for formal genetics and epidemiology 26. Population genetics of Plasmodium falciparum and the challenge of drug Resistance 27. Molecular evolution of Trypanosoma cruzi: a new paradigmal model of basic science? 28. Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis populations using microarrays: does it permit routine molecular epidemiology? 29. The evolution and dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus: can it be controlled by public health measures? 30. The origins of human immunodeficiency virus and implications for global Epidemics 31. Evolution of SARS coronavirus and the relevance of modern molecular Epidemiology 32. Ecology and evolution of avian influenza: the risk of a major pandemics

Authors

Michel Tibayrenc Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, IRD Center, Montpellier, France. Michel Tibayrenc, MD, PhD, has worked on the evolution of infectious diseases for more than 35 years. He is a director of research emeritus at the French Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), the founder and editor-in-chief of Infection, Genetics and Evolution (Elsevier), with a 2014 impact factor of 3.015, and the founder and principal organizer of the international congresses MEEGID (molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics of infectious diseases). He is the author of more than 200 international papers. He has worked for one year in Algeria (as a general practitioner), one year in French Guiana, seven years in Bolivia, five years in the United States, and three years in Thailand. He has been the head of the unit of research "genetics and evolution of infectious diseases” at the IRD research center in Montpellier, France, for 20 years. With his collaborator Jenny Telleria, he is the founder and scientific adviser of the Bolivian Society of Human Genetics (2012). He has won the prize of the Belgian Society of tropical medicine (1985), the medal of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro (2000), for his work on Chagas disease, and he is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1993).