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Antibody-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems. Concepts, Technology, and Applications. Edition No. 1

  • Book

  • 528 Pages
  • May 2012
  • John Wiley and Sons Ltd
  • ID: 2170983
This book covers various aspects of antibody mediated drug delivery systems – theoretical aspects, processing, viral and non-viral vectors, and fields where these systems find and /or are being evaluated for applications as therapeutics and diagnostic treatment. Chapters discuss actual applications of techniques used for formulation and characterization. Applications areas include cancer, pulmonary, ocular diseases; brain drug delivery; and vaccine delivery. The contributing authors represent over 10 different countries, covering recent developments happening around the globe.

Table of Contents

CONTRIBUTORS xv

PREFACE xix

CHAPTER 1 ANTIBODY-MEDIATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: GENERAL REVIEW AND APPLICATIONS
Navdeep Kaur, Karthikeyan Subramani, and Yashwant Pathak 1

1 Historical Perspective 1

2 Antibodies 2

3 Antibody Mediation 3

4 Antibody-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems 4

5 Applications 6

6 Recent Trends 9

7 Future Trends 10

CHAPTER 2 IMMUNOLIPOSOMES FOR CARDIOVASCULAR TARGETING
Tatyana Levchenko, William Hartner, and Vladimir P. Torchilin 13

1 Introduction 13

2 Immunoliposome Targeting to Pathological Regions of the Vessel Wall 14

3 Liposome Internalization by Endothelial Cells 15

4 Targeting of Atherosclerotic Lesions for Tomographic Imaging 17

5 Antibody-Mediated Liposomes for Diagnosis of Thrombosis 17

6 Thrombolytic Therapy with Immunoliposomes 18

7 Targeted Sealing of Cell Membrane Lesions: Preservation of Cell Viability 19

8 Accumulation of Liposomes and Immunoliposomes in the Ischemic Heart 21

9 Immunoliposomes as a Drug and Gene Delivery Vehicle to the Infarcted Heart 26

CHAPTER 3 ANTIBODY-MEDIATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR BREAST CANCER THERAPEUTICS
Leonor Munoz Alcivar and Yashwant Pathak 35

1 Introduction 35

2 Breast Cancer 35

3 Drug Delivery Systems 36

4 Monoclonal Antibodies 37

5 Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 40

6 Antibody-Mediated Drug Delivery System 43

7 Targets for the Treatment of Breast Cancer 45

8 Breast Cancer Therapies 46

9 The Future of Breast Cancer Therapeutics 49

10 Other Treatment Strategies 50

11 Nanotechnology 51

12 Conclusions 52

CHAPTER 4 DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNONCONJUGATES FOR IN VIVO DELIVERY: CANCER DIAGNOSIS, IMAGING, AND THERAPY
Arutselvan Natarajan 57

1 Introduction 57

2 Immunoconjugates 61

3 Immunoconjugates in Cancer Therapy 62

4 Immunoconjugates for Imaging 69

5 Immunoconjugates in Diagnostic Applications 71

6 Immunoconjugates’ Promising Future and Challenges 72

7 Summary 73

CHAPTER 5 MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF ANTI-TNF THERAPIES AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH TUBERCULOSIS
Simeone Marino, Mohammad Fallahi-Sichani, Jennifer J. Linderman, and Denise E. Kirschner 83

1 Introduction 83

2 Tuberculosis, TNF, and Anti-TNF Drugs 84

3 Theoretical Models To Study TB Infection 88

4 Present and Future Work 96

CHAPTER 6 TARGETED NANOPARTICLES IN RADIOTHERAPY
Misty Muscarella and Yashwant Pathak 105

1 Introduction 105

2 Nanoparticles 106

3 Radiotherapy 110

4 Nanoparticles in Radiotherapy 111

5 Current and Future Developments with Nanotechnology in Radiotherapy 123

6 Conclusions 124

CHAPTER 7 ELECTRICALLY-ENHANCED DELIVERY OF DRUGS AND CONJUGATES FOR CANCER TREATMENT
Arutselvan Natarajan, Luca Campana, and Raji Sundararajan 129

1 Introduction 129

2 Electroporation Mechanisms to Permeabilize the Drugs and DNAs in Cells 130

3 Electroporation-Aided Drug Delivery for Preclinical Studies 133

4 EP applications for Human Patient Studies 136

5 Future Perspectives 138

6 Summary 139

CHAPTER 8 CHARACTERIZATION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY VARIANTS AND GLYCOSYLATION
Ting Zheng, Srinivasa Rao, Jeff Rohrer, and Chris Pohl 145

1 Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody Heterogeneity by HPLC Analysis 145

2 Analysis of Monoclonal Antibody Glycosylation 150

CHAPTER 9 ANTIBODY-MEDIATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR LYMPHATIC TARGETING TREATMENT
Fang Wu, Hong Ding, and Zhirong Zhang 169

1 Introduction 169

2 Lymphatic Disorders and Their Normal Treatment 170

3 Antibody-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems for Lymphatic Targeting Treatment 172

4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 183

CHAPTER 10 METHODS FOR NANOPARTICLE CONJUGATION TO MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
Junling Li and Chin K. Ng 191

1 Introduction 191

2 Current Nanoparticle Systems used for Conjugation with mAbs 191

3 Conjugation Methods 192

4 Conclusions 202

CHAPTER 11 SINGLE-USE SYSTEMS IN ANIMAL CELL–BASED BIOPRODUCTION
William G. Whitford 209

1 Introduction 209

2 Component Offerings 214

3 Characteristics of Single-Use Systems and Their Applications 218

CHAPTER 12 IMMUNOLIPOSOMES FOR SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY
Manuela Calin 229

1 Introduction: Advances in Liposome Formulation 229

2 Design of Immunoliposomes for Site-Specific Drug Delivery 230

3 Cellular-Specific Targeting of Immunoliposomes 242

4 Cellular-Specific Internalization of Immunoliposomes 246

5 Immunoliposomes in Diagnosis and Therapy 247

6 Clinical Use of Immunoliposomes 251

7 Conclusions and Perspectives 252

CHAPTER 13 GENE THERAPY TARGETING KIDNEY DISEASES: ROUTES AND VEHICLES
Yoshitaka Isaka, Yoshitsugu Takabatake, and Hiromi Rakugi 267

1 Introduction 267

2 Rationale for Successful Gene Targeting 268

3 Site-Specific Gene Delivery 268

4 Nuclear Import of Gene Material 270

5 Targeting the Glomerulus 270

6 Targeting the Tubule 272

7 Targeting the Interstitium 274

8 Targeting Muscle 274

9 Conclusions 275

CHAPTER 14 DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES TO POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) POLYMERS USING DOUBLE-ANTIGEN-BRIDGING IMMUNOGENICITY ELISA
Yijuan Liu, Helen Reidler, Jing Pan, David Milunic, Dujie Qin, Dave Chen, Yli Remo Vallejo, and Ray Yin 279

1 Introduction 279

2 Methods 280

3 Results 283

4 Discussion 286

CHAPTER 15 ANTIBODIES IN NANOMEDICINE AND MICROIMAGING METHODS
Rakesh Sharma 291

1 Introduction: Antibody Molecules and Nanoparticles 291

2 Antibody-Based Nanoparticles in Microimaging 292

3 Troponin T: Newer Magnetic Immunoassay Method 317

4 Gold Nanoparticles as an Antigen Carrier and Adjuvant 330

5 Immunochemical Biosensors, Nanomedicine, and Disease 339

6 Future Directions and Conclusions 341

CHAPTER 16 METHODS FOR POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLE CONJUGATION TO MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
Uyen Minh Le, Hieu Tran, and Yashwant Pathak 351

1 Introduction 351

2 Conjugation of mAb and Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles 353

3 Conjugation of mAb to Poly(Lactide-CO-Glycolide) Nanoparticles 357

4 Conjugation of mAb to Poly(Lactic Acid) and its Derivatives 359

5 Conjugation of mAb to Other Polymeric Nanoparticles 360

6 Summary 361

CHAPTER 17 PLANT-DERIVED ANTIBODIES FOR ACADEMIC, INDUSTRIAL, AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS
Slavko Komarnytsky and Nikolai Borisjuk 365

1 Historical Perspective 365

2 Plant-Based Production of Recombinant Proteins 366

3 Expression in an Entire Plant Versus a Plant Organ 367

4 ER Targeting and Secretion of Recombinant Proteins 368

5 Expression in Seeds 370

6 Transient Expression 371

7 Glycosylation 373

8 Recent Examples of Plant-Derived Antibodies Effective in Mammalian Systems 375

9 Conclusions 376

CHAPTER 18 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AS BIOPHARMACEUTICALS
Girish J. Kotwal 383

1 Historical Perspective 383

2 Introduction 384

3 Structure and Types of mAbs 385

4 Mechanism of Action 385

5 FDA-approved mAb Biopharmaceuticals in Current Use 386

6 Future of Monoclonal Antibodies as Biopharmaceuticals 389

CHAPTER 19 PULMONARY TARGETING OF NANOPARTICLES AND MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
Weiyuan Chang 391

1 Introduction 391

2 Attributes of mAbs as Therapeutics for Pulmonary Diseases 392

3 Antibody-Conjugated Nanoparticles for Lung Targeting 393

4 Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Asthma 394

5 Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of COPD 398

6 Challenges in Pulmonary Disease 400

7 Conclusions 402

CHAPTER 20 ANTIBODY-MEDIATED ARTHRITIS AND NEW THERAPEUTIC AVENUES
Kutty Selva Nandakumar 407

1 Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis 407

2 Role of Cartilage Antigen-Specific Antibodies in Inducing Arthritis 408

3 Arthritis Mediation Through Antibodies Recognizing Citrullinated Antigens 413

4 Regulation at the Effector Level 414

5 Cartilage Damage Independent of Inflammatory Mediators 414

6 pathogenicity of GPI-Specific Antibodies 415

7 Therapeutic Cleavage of Arthritogenic Antibodies 415

8 Arthritis Attenuation Though Removal of Specific Sugars on IgG 417

CHAPTER 21 IMMUNONANOPARTICLES FOR NUCLEAR IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY
Oren Giladi and Simon Benita 427

1 Radioisotopes and Radiopharmaceuticals 427

2 Radiolabeled Antibodies 432

3 Radiolabeled Nanoparticles 437

4 Future Perspectives and Conclusions 449

CHAPTER 22 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES IN THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA
Glenn J. Whelan 457

1 Introduction 457

2 IgE 458

3 TNFα 460

4 IL-5 462

5 IL-9 464

6 IL-4 and IL-13 465

7 Targeting the T-cell 467

8 Conclusions 468

References 469

INDEX 473

Authors

Yashwant V. Pathak Simon Benita