On a daily basis, our requirements for technology become more innovative and creative and the field of electronics is helping to lead the
way to more advanced appliances. This book gathers and evaluates the materials, designs, models, and technologies that enable the fabrication of fully elastic electronic devices that can tolerate high strain. Written by some of the most outstanding scientists in the field, it lays down the undisputed knowledge on how to make electronics withstand stretching. This monograph provides a review of the specific applications that directly benefit from highly compliant electronics, including transistors, photonic devices, and sensors. In addition to stretchable devices, the topic of ultraflexible electronics is treated, highlighting its upcoming significance for the industrial-scale production of electronic goods for the consumer.
Divided into four parts covering:
Theory
Materials and Processes
Circuit Boards
Devices and Applications
An unprecedented overview of this thriving area of research that nobody in the field - or intending to enter it - can afford to miss.
way to more advanced appliances. This book gathers and evaluates the materials, designs, models, and technologies that enable the fabrication of fully elastic electronic devices that can tolerate high strain. Written by some of the most outstanding scientists in the field, it lays down the undisputed knowledge on how to make electronics withstand stretching. This monograph provides a review of the specific applications that directly benefit from highly compliant electronics, including transistors, photonic devices, and sensors. In addition to stretchable devices, the topic of ultraflexible electronics is treated, highlighting its upcoming significance for the industrial-scale production of electronic goods for the consumer.
Divided into four parts covering:
Theory
Materials and Processes
Circuit Boards
Devices and Applications
An unprecedented overview of this thriving area of research that nobody in the field - or intending to enter it - can afford to miss.
Table of Contents
PREFACEPART I: Theory
THEORY FOR STRETCHABLE INTERCONNECTS
Introduction
Mechanics of Stretchable Wavy Ribbons
Mechanics of Popup Structure
Mechanics of Interconnects in the Noncoplanar Mesh Design
Concluding Remarks
MECHANICS OF TWISTABLE ELECTRONICS
Introduction
Postbuckling Theory
Postbuckling of Interconnect under Twist
Symmetric Buckling Mode
Antisymmetric Buckling Mode
Discussion and Concluding Remarks
PART II: Materials and Processes
GRAPHENE FOR STRETCHABLE ELECTRONICS
Introduction
Production of Graphene Films
Fabrication of Graphene Films on Substrates
Applications in Flexible and Stretchable Electronics
Concluding Remarks
STRETCHABLE THIN-FILM ELECTRONICS
Introduction
Silicone Rubber as a Substrate
Mechanical Architecture
Stretchable Metallization
Integrated Stretchable Thin-Film Devices
Outlook
STRETCHABLE PIEZOELECTRIC NANORIBBONS FOR BIOCOMPATIBLE ENERGY HARVESTING
Energy Harvesting and Piezoelectric Materials
PZT Nanofabrication and Interfacing with Stretchable Substrates
Piezoelectric Characterization and Electrical Measurements
Summary
PART III: Circuit Boards
MODELING OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD INSPIRED STRETCHABLE ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
Technology Development Considerations
Modeling and Simulation
MATERIALS FOR STRETCHABLE ELECTRONICS COMPLIANT WITH PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD FABRICATION
Introduction
TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESSES USED IN PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD FABRICATION FOR THE REALIZATION OF STRETCHABLE ELECTRONICS
Lamination Technology
Molding Technology
RELIABILITY AND APPLICATION SCENARIOS OF STRETCHABLE ELECTRONICS REALIZED USING PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD TECHNOLOGIES
Application Considerations
Reliability
Application Scenarios
PART IV: Devices and Applications
STRETCHABLE ELECTRONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES USING SINGLE-CRYSTAL INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS
Introduction
Stretchable Circuits
Application of Stretchable Designs to Microscale Inorganic Light Emitting Diodes (?-ILEDs)
Biomedical Applications of Stretchable Electronics and Optoelectronics
Stretchable Digital Imagers and Solar Modules
Conclusions
STRETCHABLE ORGANIC TRANSISTORS
Introduction
Perforated Organic Transistor Active Matrix for Large-Area, Stretchable Sensors
Rubber-Like Stretchable Organic Transistor Active Matrix Using Elastic Conductors
Rubber-Like Organic Transistor Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode Display
Future Prospects
POWER SUPPLY, GENERATION, AND STORAGE IN STRETCHABLE ELECTRONICS
Introduction
Radio Frequency Power Supplies
Power Generation
Power Storage
Summary
SOFT ACTUATORS
Introduction
Conducting Polymers
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMCs)
Nanocarbon Actuators
Applications
Conclusion
ELASTOMER-BASED PRESSURE AND STRAIN SENSORS
Introduction
A Brief Elastomers Overview
Important Sensor Characteristics
Elastomeric Force Sensors
Active Pressure/Strain Sensors Systems
Applications
Outlook
CONFORMABLE ACTIVE DEVICES
Introduction
Printing Processes for Organic TFTs
Sensing and Memory Devices Based on Piezoelectric Polymer
Electronic Circuits
Curved Conformal Devices by a Cut-and-Bend Approach
Summary
STRETCHABLE NEURAL INTERFACES
Introduction
Overview of MEAs
Classes of SMEAs
Common Limitations for All SMEAs
Future Directions in Stretchable Neural Interfaces
Conclusion
BIO-BASED MATERIALS AS TEMPLATES FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Introduction
Polysaccharide-Based Templates
Protein-Based Templates
DNA Templates
Virus Templates: Tobacco Mosaic Virus and M13 Bacteriophage
Summary
ORGANIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS FOR EMI MEASUREMENT
Introduction
Stretchable EMI Measurement Sheet
Silicon CMOS LSI for EMI Detection
Experimental Results and Discussion
Conclusion
INDEX
