Deep–sea benthic foraminifera have played a central role in biostratigraphic, paleoecological, and paleoceanographical research for over a century. These single celled marine protists are important because of their geographic ubiquity, distinctive morphologies and rapid evolutionary rates, their abundance and diversity deep sea sediments, and because of their utility as indicators of environmental conditions both at and below the sediment water interface. In addition, stable isotopic data obtained from deep sea benthic foraminiferal tests provide paleoceanographers with environmental information that is proving to be of major significance in studies of global climatic change. This work collects together, for the first time, new morphological descriptions, taxonomic placements, stratigraphic occurrence data, geographical distribution summaries, and palaeoecological information, along with state–of–the–art colour photomicrographs (most taken in reflected light, just as you would see them using light microscopy), of 300 common deep–sea benthic foraminifera species spanning the interval from Jurassic – Recent. This volume is intended as a reference and research resource for post–graduate students in micropalaeontology, geological professionals (stratigraphers, paleontologists, paleoecologists, palaeoceanographers), taxonomists, and evolutionary (paleo)biologists.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements xi
Introduction 1
Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera 15
Abyssamina poagi Schnitker and Tjalsma, 1980 16
Abyssamina quadrata Schnitker and Tjalsma, 1980 18
Alabamina creta (Finlay), 1940 20
Alabamina dissonata (Cushman and Renz), 1948 22
Ammoanita ingerlisae Gradstein and Kaminski, 1997 24
Ammobaculites agglutinans (d Orbigny), 1846 26
Ammobaculites jarvisi Cushman and Renz, 1946 28
Ammobaculoides carpathicus Geroch, 1966 30
Ammodiscus infi mus Franke, 1936 32
Ammodiscus latus Grzybowski, 1898 34
Ammodiscus pennyi Cushman and Jarvis, 1928 36
Ammodiscus tenuis (Brady), 1881 38
Ammolagena clavata (Jones and Parker), 1860 40
Amphicoryna scalaris (Batsch), 1791 42
Annectina biedai Gradstein and Kaminski, 1997 44
Annectina grzybowskii (Jurkiewicz), 1960 46
Anomalinella rostrata (Brady), 1881 48
Anomalinoides capitatus (Gümbel), 1868 50
Anomalinoides globulosus (Chapman and Parr), 1937 52
Anomalinoides rubiginosus (Cushman), 1926 54
Anomalinoides semicribratus (Beckmann), 1954 56
Aragonia aragonensis (Nuttall), 1930 58
Aragonia velascoensis (Cushman), 1925 60
Astrononion stelligerum (d Orbigny), 1839 62
Bigenerina nodosaria d Orbigny, 1826 64
Bolivina decussata Brady, 1881 66
Bolivina huneri Howe, 1939 68
Bolivinita quadrilatera (Schwager), 1866 70
Bolivinoides delicatulus Cushman, 1927 72
Bolivinoides draco (Marsson), 1878 74
Brizalina alata (Seguenza), 1862 76
Brizalina aliformis (Cushman), 1926 78
Brizalina antegressa (Subbotina), 1953 80
Brizalina subaenariensis var. mexicana (Cushman), 1922 82
Brizalina subspinescens (Cushman), 1922 84
Bulbobaculites problematicus (Neagu), 1962 86
Bulimina aculeata d Orbigny, 1826 88
Bulimina alazanensis Cushman, 1927 90
Bulimina callahani Galloway and Morrey, 1931 92
Bulimina elongata d Orbigny, 1846 94
Bulimina gibba Fornasini, 1902 96
Bulimina glomarchallengeri Tjalsma and Lohmann, 1983 98
Bulimina impendens Parker and Bermúdez, 1937 100
Bulimina jacksonensis Cushman, 1925 102
Bulimina jarvisi Cushman and Parker, 1936 104
Bulimina macilenta Cushman and Parker, 1939 106
Bulimina marginata d Orbigny, 1826 108
Bulimina mexicana Cushman, 1922 110
Bulimina midwayensis Cushman and Parker, 1936 112
Bulimina rostrata Brady, 1884 114
Bulimina semicostata Nuttall, 1930 116
Bulimina taylorensis Cushman and Parker, 1935 118
Bulimina thanetensis Cushman and Parker, 1947 120
Bulimina trinitatensis Cushman and Jarvis, 1928 122
Bulimina tuxpamensis Cole, 1928 124
Bulimina velascoensis (Cushman), 1925 126
Buliminella beaumonti Cushman and Renz, 1946 128
Buliminella grata Parker and Bermúdez, 1937 130
Buzasina galeata (Brady), 1881 132
Cancris auriculus (Fichtel and Moll), 1798 134
Cancris nuttalli (Palmer and Bermúdez), 1936 136
Cassidulina teretis Tappan, 1951 138
Cassidulinoides parkerianus (Brady), 1881 140
Caudammina excelsa (Dylàzanka), 1923 142
Caudammina gigantea (Geroch), 1960 144
Caudammina ovula (Grzybowski), 1896 emend. Geroch, 1960 146
Chilostomella oolina Schwager, 1878 148
Chrysalidinella dimorpha (Brady), 1881 150
Cibicides lobatulus (Walker and Jacob), 1798 152
Cibicides refulgens de Montfort, 1808 154
Cibicidina walli Bandy, 1949 156
Cibicidoides alazanensis (Nuttall), 1932 158
Cibicidoides barnetti (Bermúdez), 1949 160
Cibicidoides bradyi (Trauth) 1918 162
Cibicidoides cicatricosus (Schwager), 1866 164
Cibicidoides compressus (Cushman and Renz), 1941 166
Cibicidoides crebbsi (Hedberg), 1937 168
Cibicidoides dohmi (Bermúdez), 1949 170
Cibicidoides eocaenus (Gümbel), 1868 172
Cibicidoides grimsdalei (Nuttall), 1930 174
Cibicidoides grosseperforatus van Morkhoven and Berggren, 1986 176
Cibicidoides guazumalensis (Bermúdez), 1949 178
Cibicidoides havanensis (Cushman and Bermúdez), 1937 180
Cibicidoides hyphalus (Fisher), 1969 182
Cibicidoides incrassatus (Fichtel and Moll), 1798 184
Cibicidoides lamontdohertyi Miller and Katz, 1987 186
Cibicidoides laurisae (Mallory), 1959 188
Cibicidoides matanzasensis (Hadley), 1934 190
Cibicidoides mexicanus (Nuttall), 1932 192
Cibicidoides micrus (Bermúdez), 1949 194
Cibicidoides mundulus (Brady, Parker, and Jones), 1888 196
Cibicidoides pachyderma (Rzehak), 1886 198
Cibicidoides praemundulus Berggren and Miller, 1986 200
Cibicidoides robertsonianus (Brady), 1881 202
Cibicidoides subhaidingerii (Parr), 1950 204
Cibicidoides subspiratus (Nuttall), 1930 206
Cibicidoides velascoensis (Cushman), 1925 208
Cibicorbis hitchcockae (Galloway and Wissler), 1927 210
Clavulinoides aspera (Cushman), 1926 212
Conotrochammina voeringensis Gradstein and Kaminski, 1997 214
Coryphostoma incrassata (Reuss), 1851 216
Coryphostoma midwayensis (Cushman), 1936 218
Cribrostomoides subglobosus (Cushman), 1910 220
Cyclammina cancellata Brady, 1879 222
Cyclammina pusilla Brady, 1881 224
Cystammina pauciloculata (Brady), 1879 226
Cystammina sveni Gradstein and Kaminski, 1997 228
Discorbinella bertheloti (d Orbigny), 1839 230
Eggerella bradyi (Cushman), 1911 232
Ehrenbergina hystrix Brady, 1881 234
Elphidium crispum (Linnaeus), 1758 236
Elphidium macellum (Fichtel and Moll), 1798 238
Epistominella exigua (Brady), 1884 240
Eratidus foliaceus (Brady), 1881 242
Eubuliminella exilis (Brady), 1884 244
Evolutinella vocontianus (Moullade), 1966 246
Favocassidulina favus (Brady), 1877 248
Fissurina orbignyana Seguenza, 1862 250
Fissurina seminiformis (Schwager), 1866 252
Frondicularia saggitula van den Broeck, 1876 254
Fursenkoina bradyi (Cushman), 1922 256
Fursenkoina complanata (Egger), 1893 258
Globobulimina pacifi ca Cushman, 1927 260
Globocassidulina punctata Berggren and Miller, 1986 262
Globocassidulina subglobosa (Brady), 1881 264
Globulina myristiformis (Williamson), 1858 266
Glomospira charoides (Jones and Parker), 1860 268
Glomospira gordialis (Jones and Parker), 1860 270
Glomospirella diffundens (Cushman and Renz), 1946 272
Glomospirella gaultina (Berthelin), 1880 274
Gyroidinoides quadratus (Cushman and Church), 1929 276
Gyroidinoides soldanii (d Orbigny), 1826 278
Hanzawaia ammophila (Gümbel), 1868 280
Hanzawaia caribaea (Cushman and Bermúdez), 1936 282
Hanzawaia mantaensis (Galloway and Morrey), 1929 284
Haplophragmoides constrictus Krasheninnikov, 1973 286
Haplophragmoides multicamerus Krasheninnikov, 1973 288
Haplophragmoides pervagatus Krasheninnikov, 1973 290
Haplophragmoides walteri (Grzybowski), 1898 292
Heterolepa dutemplei (d Orbigny), 1846 294
Hippocrepina depressa Vasicek, 1947 296
Hoeglundina elegans (d Orbigny), 1826 298
Hormosina globulifera Brady, 1879 300
Hormosinella carpenteri (Brady), 1881 302
Hormosinella distans (Brady), 1881 304
Hormosinelloides guttifer (Brady), 1881 306
Hyalinea balthica (Schroeter), 1783 308
Hyperammina elongata Brady, 1878 310
Ioanella tumidula (Brady), 1884 312
Jaculella acuta Brady, 1879 314
Kalamopsis grzybowskii (Dylàzanka), 1923 316
Karreriella bradyi (Cushman), 1911 318
Karreriella novangliae (Cushman), 1922 320
Karrerulina conversa (Grzybowski), 1901 322
Lagena sulcata (Walker and Jacob), 1798 324
Latibolivina subreticulata (Parr) 1932 326
Laticarinina pauperata (Parker and Jones), 1865 328
Lenticulina anaglypta (Loeblich and Tappan), 1987 330
Lenticulina convergens (Bornemann), 1855 332
Lenticulina gibba (d Orbigny), 1839 334
Lenticulina iota (Cushman), 1923 336
Lenticulina muensteri (Roemer), 1839 338
Lituotuba lituiformis (Brady), 1879 340
Loxostomina limbata (Brady), 1881 342
Loxostomoides applinae (Plummer), 1927 344
Marginulina obesa Cushman, 1923 346
Marssonella oxycona (Reuss), 1860 348
Martinottiella communis (d Orbigny), 1826 350
Matanzia bermudezi Palmer, 1936 352
Melonis barleeanum (Williamson), 1858 354
Melonis pompilioides (Fichtel and Moll), 1798 356
Melonis sphaeroides Voloshinova, 1958 358
Neoconorbina terquemi (Rzehak), 1888 360
Neoeponides auberii (d Orbigny), 1839 362
Neoeponides hillebrandti Fisher, 1969 364
Neofl abellina jarvisi (Cushman), 1935 366
Neolenticulina peregrina (Schwager), 1866 368
Nonion havanense Cushman and Bermúdez, 1937 370
Nonionella turgida (Williamson), 1858 372
Nonionellina labradorica (Dawson), 1860 374
Nummoloculina contraria (d Orbigny), 1846 376
Nuttallides truempyi (Nuttall), 1930 378
Nuttallides umbonifera (Cushman), 1933 380
Oolina hexagona (Williamson), 1848 382
Oridorsalis umbonatus (Reuss), 1851 384
Osangularia culter (Parker and Jones), 1865 386
Osangularia velascoensis (Cushman), 1925 388
Parabrizalina porrecta (Brady), 1881 390
Paratrochammina challengeri Brönnimann and Whittaker, 1988 392
Patellina corrugata Williamson, 1858 394
Planularia australis Chapman, 1941 396
Planularia gemmata (Brady), 1881 398
Planulina ambigua (Franzenau), 1888 400
Planulina ariminensis d Orbigny, 1826 402
Planulina costata (Hantken), 1875 404
Planulina foveolata (Brady), 1884 406
Planulina mexicana Cushman, 1927 408
Planulina renzi Cushman and Stainforth, 1945 410
Planulina rugosa (Phleger and Parker), 1951 412
Planulina subtenuissima (Nuttall), 1928 414
Planulina wuellerstorfi (Schwager), 1866 416
Plectofrondicularia parri Finlay, 1939 418
Plectofrondicularia paucicostata Cushman and Jarvis, 1929 420
Plectofrondicularia vaughani Cushman, 1927 422
Pleurostomella brevis Schwager, 1866 424
Praecystammina globigerinaeformis Krasheninnikov, 1973 426
Psammosphaera fusca Schulze, 1875 428
Pseudoclavulina amorpha (Cushman), 1926 430
Pseudonodosinella elongata (Grzybowski), 1898 432
Pseudonodosinella nodulosa (Brady, 1879) emend. Loeblich and Tappan, 1987 434
Pseudonodosinella troyeri (Tappan), 1960 436
Pseudoreophax cisownicensis Geroch, 1961 438
Pseudouvigerina plummerae Cushman, 1927 440
Pullenia bulloides (d Orbigny), 1846 442
Pullenia coryelli White, 1929 444
Pullenia cretacea Cushman, 1936 446
Pullenia quinqueloba (Reuss), 1851 448
Pyramidulina sceptrum (Reuss), 1863 450
Pyrgo comata (Brady), 1881 452
Pyrgo fornasinii Chapman and Parr, 1935 454
Pyrgo lucernula (Schwager), 1866 456
Pyrgo murrhina (Schwager), 1866 458
Pyrgo serrata (Bailey), 1861 460
Pyrulina cylindroides (Roemer), 1838 462
Quadratobuliminella pyramidalis de Klasz, 1953 464
Ramulina globulifera Brady, 1879 466
Rectuvigerina mexicana (Cushman), 1926 468
Rectuvigerina multicostata (Cushman and Jarvis), 1929 470
Rectuvigerina nodifera (Cushman and Kleinpell), 1934 472
Rectuvigerina stonei (Bermúdez), 1949 474
Rectuvigerina striata (Schwager), 1866 476
Recurvoides contortus Earland, 1934 478
Reophanus berggreni Gradstein and Kaminski, 1997 480
Reophax pilulifer Brady, 1884 482
Reophax subfusiformis Earland 1933 emend. Höglund, 1947 484
Reticulophragmium amplectens (Grzybowski), 1898 486
Reussella szajnochae (Grzybowski), 1896 488
Rhabdammina discreta Brady, 1881 490
Rhabdammina linearis Brady, 1879 492
Rhizammina indivisa Brady, 1884 494
Rzehakina epigona (Rzehak), 1895 496
Rzehakina fi ssistomata (Grzybowski), 1901 498
Rzehakina inclusa (Grzybowski), 1901 500
Saccorhiza ramosa (Brady), 1879 502
Sigmavirgulina tortuosa (Brady), 1881 504
Sigmoilopsis schlumbergeri (Silvestri), 1904 506
Siphogenerinoides brevispinosa Cushman, 1939 508
Siphogenerinoides eleganta (Plummer), 1927 510
Siphonina pozonensis Cushman and Renz, 1941 512
Siphonina tenuicarinata Cushman, 1927 514
Siphotextularia concava (Karrer), 1868 516
Siphouvigerina porrecta (Brady), 1879 518
Sphaeroidina bulloides d Orbigny, 1826 520
Spiroplectammina spectabilis (Grzybowski), 1898 emend. Kaminski, 1984 522
Spiroplectinella subhaeringensis (Grzybowski), 1896 524
Stensioeina beccariiformis (White), 1928 526
Stensioeina excolata (Cushman), 1926 528
Stilostomella abyssorum (Brady), 1881 530
Stilostomella aculeata (Cushman and Renz), 1948 532
Stilostomella alexanderi (Cushman), 1936 534
Stilostomella annulifera (Cushman and Bermúdez), 1936 536
Stilostomella consobrina (d Orbigny), 1846 538
Stilostomella lepidula (Schwager), 1866 540
Stilostomella modesta (Bermúdez), 1937 542
Stilostomella paleocenica (Cushman and Todd), 1946 544
Stilostomella spinescens (Reuss), 1851 546
Stilostomella stephensoni (Cushman), 1936 548
Stilostomella subspinosa (Cushman), 1943 550
Tappanina selmensis (Cushman), 1933 emend. Brotzen, 1948 552
Transversigerina senni (Cushman and Renz), 1941 554
Transversigerina transversa (Cushman), 1918 556
Trifarina angulosa (Williamson), 1858 558
Trifarina bradyi Cushman, 1923 560
Trifarina carinata (Cushman), 1927 562
Triloculina tricarinata d Orbigny, 1826 564
Triloculina trigonula (Lamarck), 1804 566
Trochammina abrupta Geroch, 1966 568
Trochammina infl ata (Montagu), 1808 570
Trochammina quinqueloba Geroch, 1959 572
Trochamminoides coronatum (Brady), 1879 574
Trochamminoides grzybowskii Kaminski and Geroch, 1992 576
Turrilina brevispira ten Dam, 1944 578
Uvigerina aculeata d Orbigny, 1846 580
Uvigerina adelinensis Palmer and Bermúdez, 1949 582
Uvigerina auberiana d Orbigny, 1839 584
Uvigerina basicordata Cushman and Renz, 1941 586
Uvigerina carapitana Hedberg, 1937 588
Uvigerina havanensis Cushman and Bermúdez, 1936 590
Uvigerina hispida Schwager, 1866 592
Uvigerina laviculata Coryell and Rivero, 1940 594
Uvigerina mediterranea Hofker, 1932 596
Uvigerina mexicana Nuttall, 1932 598
Uvigerina pigmaea d Orbigny, 1826 600
Uvigerina proboscidea Schwager, 1866 602
Uvigerina spinulosa Hadley, 1934 604
Uvigerinammina jankoi Majzon, 1943 606
Veleroninoides scitulus (Brady), 1881 608
Verneuilinoides neocomiensis (Mjatliuk), 1939 610
Vulvulina pennatula (Batsch), 1791 612
Vulvulina spinosa Cushman, 1927 614
Glossary 616
References 620
Taxonomic index 633
General index 641
