Brought to you by the world’s leading transplant clinicians, Textbook of Organ Transplantation provides a complete and comprehensive overview of modern transplantation in all its complexity, from basic science to gold-standard surgical techniques to post-operative care, and from likely outcomes to considerations for transplant program administration, bioethics and health policy.
Beautifully produced in full color throughout, and with over 600 high-quality illustrations, it successfully:
- Provides a solid overview of what transplant clinicians/surgeons do, and with topics presented in an order that a clinician will encounter them.
- Presents a holistic look at transplantation, foregrounding the interrelationships between transplant team members and non-surgical clinicians in the subspecialties relevant to pre- and post-operative patient care, such as gastroenterology, nephrology, and cardiology.
- Offers a focused look at pediatric transplantation, and identifies the ways in which it significantly differs from transplantation in adults.
- Includes coverage of essential non-clinical topics such as transplant program management and administration; research design and data collection; transplant policy and bioethical issues.
Textbook of Organ Transplantation is the market-leading and definitive transplantation reference work, and essential reading for all transplant surgeons, transplant clinicians, program administrators, basic and clinical investigators and any other members of the transplantation team responsible for the clinical management or scientific study of transplant patients.
Table of Contents
List of Contributors
Section 1 History/Introduction
0 Introduction
Allan D. Kirk and Steven B. Webber
1 A Brief History of Clinical Organ Transplantation
Sir Roy Yorke Calne
Section 2 Transplantation Biology
Immunolgy
2 Physiology of the Immune System
Heth R. Turnquist, Giorgio Raimondi, Diana Metes and Angus W. Thomson
3 Development of HLA, cross-matching, etc.
Paul Terasaki
4 Transplant Antigen Biology
Raja Rajalingam, Qiuheng Zhang, J. Michael Cecka and Elaine F. Reed
5 Cellular Mechanisms of Adaptive Immunology
Maria-Luisa Alegre
6 Humoral Mechanisms of Adaptive Immunology
William M. Baldwin III and Robert L. Fairchild
7 Innate Immunity
Melissa Y. Yeung, Sacha A. De Serres and Xian C. Li
8 Mechanisms of Regulation
Kathryn J. Wood, Andrew Bushell and Joanna Hester
9 The Spectrum of Alloimmunity, Heterologous Immunity, and Relevant Autoimmunity
Mandy L. Ford, Andrew B. Adams and Christian P. Larsen
10 Fundamental Concepts Regarding Graft Injury and Regeneration: Tissue Injury, Tissue Quality, and Recipient Factors
Chatchai Kreepala, Konrad S. Famulski and Philip F. Halloran
11 Mechanisms of Allograft Tolerance
Allan D. Kirk and Raul Badell
12 Xenoimmunity
Peter J. Cowan and Anthony J.F. d’Apice
Experimental Transplantation
13 In Vitro Models of Alloreactivity
Robert L. Fairchild, Charles A. Su, Anna Valujskikh and William M. Baldwin III
14 Small Animal Models
Lakshman Gunaratnam, Anthony M. Jevnikar and Roslyn B. Mannon
15 Large Animal Models
Douglas J. Anderson, Benjamin M. Martin, Allan D. Kirk and David H. Sachs
16 Advancing In Silico: Studying Global Gene Expression Using Functional Genomics for Transplantation Research
Steven Head, Sunil M. Kurian and Daniel R. Salomon
Mechanisms of Immune Modulation
17 Pathways for Immune Manipulation
Jason R. Lees, Agnes M. Azimzadeh, Yaozhong Ding, Jiangnan Xu and Jonathan S. Bromberg
18 Future Pathways for Immune Manipulation
Allison Webber and Flavio Vincenti
Section 3 Organ Procurement
Procurement & Allocation
19 Organ Procurement & Allocation
Jennifer Porter, Lori E. Brigham and Susan Gunderson
20 Deceased donor management
John Fung, Koji Hashimoto, Bijan Eghtesad, Daniel J. Lebovitz and Melissa Watson
Techniques for Organ Procurement
21 Donation after Brain Death
Rupert Oberhuber, Timm Heinbokel, Zain Khalpey, Sayeed Malek and Stefan G. Tullius
22 Donation after Cardiac Death
Chandrasekar Santhanakrishnan and Anthony M. D’Alessandro
23 Living Donor: Kidney
Ken Newell
24 Living Donor: Liver
Koji Hashimoto, Cristiano Quintini and Charles M. Miller
Preservation and Resuscitation
25 Organ Preservation and Resuscitation: Abdominal Organs
Henri G.D. Leuvenink and Rutger J. Ploeg
26 Organ Preservation and Resuscitation: Thoracic Organs
Jonathan C. Yeung, Marcelo Cypel, John M. Craig and Shaf Keshavjee
27 Kidney Paired Donation Networks
Adam W. Bingaman and Cathi L. Murphey
Section 4 Pre-operative Management
Patient Selection and Indications for Organ Transplantation
28 Patient Selection and Indications for Organ Transplantation: Kidney
Jeremy Goodman and Robert S. Gaston
29 Patient Selection and Indications for Organ Transplantation: Liver
Kimberly A. Brown and Marwan Kazimi
30 Patient Selection and Indications for Organ Transplantation: Heart
Andrew L. Smith and Daniel B. Sims
31 Patient Selection and Indications for Organ Transplantation: Lung
Edward R. Garrity, Jr. and Julia B. Becker
32 Patient Selection and Indications for Organ Transplantation: Pancreas & Islet
Alexandra Turner and Nicole A. Turgeon
33 Patient Selection and Indications for Organ Transplantation: Intestinal & Multivisceral
Douglas G. Farmer and Robert S. Venick
34 Role of Primary Care Provider in Care of Abdominal Organ Transplant Patients
Peggy B. Hasley, Kristine S. Schonder and Ron Shapiro
35 Role of Primary Care Provider in Care of Thoracic Organ Transplant Patients
Remzi Bag, Arvind Bhimaraj and Sireesha Garikipati
The Histocompatibility Lab
36 Alloantibodies, Sensitization and Virtual Crossmatching
Robert Bray and Howard Gebel
Waiting List Management
37 Waiting List Management: Kidney
Phuong-Thu T. Pham, Phunong-Chi T. Pham and Gabriel M. Danovitch
38 Waiting List Management: Liver
John G. O’Grady
39 Waiting List Management: Heart
Howard J. Eisen
40 Waiting List Management: Lung
E. Clinton Lawrence and David Neujahr
41 Waiting List Management: Pancreas and Islet
Jon S. Odorico
42 Waiting List Management: Intestinal and Multi-visceral
Kareem M. Abu-Elmagd and Guilherme Costa
Intensive Care in End Organ Failure
43 Intensive Care in End Organ Failure: Liver
Ram Subramanian and Jenny Han
44 Intensive Care in End Organ Failure: Heart
Maryl R. Johnson, Josef Stehlik, Deborah Budge and Michael S. Kiernan
45 Intensive Care in End Organ Failure: Lung
John Adam Reich and R. Eliot Fagley
46 Dialysis
Myriam Farah and John S. Gill
47 Artificial Liver, In Vivo Tissue Engineering, and Organ Printing – Solutions for Organ Scarcity
Peter Neuhaus, Igor M. Sauer and Nathanael Raschzok
48 Ventricular Assist Devices
O.H. Frazier and Steven M. Parnis
49 Artificial Heart
Hannah Copeland, Jennifer Berumen, Richard G. Smith and Jack G. Copeland
50 The Development and Use of Artificial Lungs in Lung Transplantation
A. Claire Watkins and Bartley P. Griffith
51 Totally Artificial Pancreas
Desmond Barry Keenan and Garry M. Steil
52 Tissue & Organ Bioengineering
Tracy C. Grikscheit and Erik R. Barthel
Organ Acceptance and Risk Management Assessment
53 Standard and Extended Criteria Donors
Stephen T. Bartlett and Matthew Cooper
54 Donation after Cardiac Death
Silke Niederhaus and Anthony M. D’Alessandro
Section 5 Transplant Procedure & Surgical Technique
55 Kidney Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
Paul L. Tso and Thomas C. Pearson
56 Liver Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
Joseph F. Magliocca, Steven I. Hanish, Eugenia K. Page and Stuart J. Knechtle
57 Living Donor Liver Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
Sung-Gyu Lee, Deok-Bog Moon and Chung-Man Namgoong
58 Heart Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
John M. Craig, Soyoung Lee, Gus J. Vlahakes and Joren C. Madsen
59 Lung Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
R. Duane Davis
60 Pancreas Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
Jon S. Odorico, Hans Sollinger and Dixon Kaufman
61 Islet Cell Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
A.M. James Shapiro and Camillo Ricordi
62 Intestinal Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
Thomas Fishbein
63 Multi-visceral Transplantation
Alan Langnas and Lokesh Bathla
64 Vascularized Composite Allograft (VCA) Transplantation Procedure & Surgical Technique
Gerald Brandacher, Jaimie T. Shores, Chad R. Gordon, Damon S. Cooney and W.P. Andrew Lee
Section 6 Post-transplant Management
Immunosuppressive Therapy
65 Induction Therapy
Ali H. Charafeddine and Allan D. Kirk
66 Maintenance Therapy
Karen L. Hardinger, Daniel C. Brennan and Christina L.M. Klein
67 Rescue Therapy: Approaches to the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Allograft Injury
Mark D. Stegall and Patrick G. Dean
68 Desensitization Protocols
Carmen Lefaucheur and Denis Glotz
Clinical Allograft Rejection Syndromes: Diagnosis & Management
69 Clinical Allograft Rejection Syndromes: Kidney
Brian J. Nankivell
70 Clinical Allograft Rejection Syndromes: Liver
Sandy Feng and Matthew H. Levine
71 Clinical Allograft Rejection Syndromes: Heart
Keyur B. Shah, Joren C. Madsen and Mandeep R. Mehra
72 Clinical Allograft Rejection Syndromes: Lung
David C. Neujahr
73 Clinical Allograft Rejection Syndromes: Pancreas and Islet
Parsia A. Vagefi and Peter G. Stock
74 Clinical Allograft Rejection Syndromes: Intestinal
Gennaro Selvaggi, Andreas Tzakis, Akin Tekin, Jennifer Garcia, Ji Fan and Philip Ruiz, Jr.
75 Clinical Allograft Rejection Syndromes: VCA
Stefan Schneeberger and Gerald Brandacher
76 Clinical Transplantation Tolerance
Tatsuo Kawai, David H. Sachs and A. Benedict Cosimi
Clinical Recurrent Disease: Diagnosis and Management
77 Post-transplant Recurrent Disease: Kidney and Pancreas
Philip J. O’Connell and Lorna K. Henderson
78 Post-transplant Recurrent Disease: Liver
Samir Parekh and James R. Spivey
79 Post-transplant Recurrent Disease: Heart
Jignesh K. Patel and Jon A. Kobashigawa
80 Post-transplant Recurrent Disease: Lung
Todd L. Astor
Histopathological Syndromes of Graft Rejection and Recurrent Disease
81 Histopathological Syndromes of Graft Rejection and Recurrent Disease: Kidney
Alton B. Farris and Michael H. Mengel
82 Histopathological Syndromes of Graft Rejection and Recurrent Disease: Liver
Anthony J. Demetris, Marta I. Minervini, Michael A. Nalesnik, Erin Rubin, Parmjeet Randhawa and Eizaburo Sasatomi
83 Histopathological Syndromes of Graft Rejection and Recurrent Disease: Heart
E. Rene Rodriguez and Carmela D. Tan
84 Histopathological Syndromes of Graft Rejection and Recurrent Disease: Lung
Carol Farver and W. Dean Wallace
85 Histopathological Syndromes of Graft Rejection and Recurrent Disease: Pancreas and Islet
Cinthia B. Drachenberg and John C. Papadimitriou
86 Histopathological Syndromes of Graft Rejection and Recurrent Disease: Intestinal
Phillip Ruiz Jr., Jennifer Garcia, Akin Tekin, Seigo Nishida and Andreas Tzakis
87 Histopathological Syndromes of Graft Rejection and Recurrent Disease: VCA
Alexandra P. Turner, Alton B. Farris, III, Alessandrina M. Freitas and Linda C. Cendales
Post-operative Monitoring
88 Cardiovascular Disease and Preventive Healthcare
Steve Pastan and Divya Gupta
89 Post-Transplant Monitoring for HLA Antibody
Robert A. Bray and Howard M. Gebel
90 Biomarkers and Alloimmune Monitoring
Oriol Bestard, Birgit Sawitzki and Alberto Sánchez-Fueyo
91 Protective Immune Competence
Aneesh Mehta
Transplant Infectious Diseases
92 Donor-derived Infections
Marissa B. Wilck and Emily A. Blumberg
93 Peri-operative Infectious Disease
Daniel Kaul and Michael Green
94 Post-Transplant Infections
Jay A. Fishman and Robin K. Avery
Malignancy in Transplantation
95 General Malignancy
Oriol Bestard, Josep M. Cruzado and Josep M. Grinyó
96 Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Steven B. Webber and Michael Green
Pregnancy and Contraception in Transplantation
97 Pregnancy and Contraception in Transplantation
Serban Constantinescu, Veronica Gomez-Lobo, John M. Davison, Michael J. Moritz, and Vincent T. Armenti
The Transplant Pharmacopeia
98 Drugs Specifically Approved for Transplant Indications
Winston A. Ally and Avinash Agarwal
99 Infectious Disease Prophylaxis
G. Marshall Lyon III
100 Metabolic and Endocrine Management
Naim Issa, Scott A. Reule and Aleksandra Kukla
101 Off-Label Use of Immunosuppressive Agents in Solid Organ Transplantation
Jill C. Krisl, Rita R. Alloway, and E. Steve Woodle
102 Drug Interactions
William D. Simmons, Pamala A. Jacobson and Karen L. Hardinger
Section 7 Long-term Transplant Outcomes
103 Long-term Outcomes of Renal Transplant Recipients
Sundus A. Lodhi and Neema Stephens
104 Factors Influencing Long-Term Survival after Liver Transplantation
Heidi Yeh, Paulo Martins and James F. Markmann
105 Long-term Transplant Outcomes: Heart Transplantation
Michelle M. Kittleson and Jon A. Kobashigawa
106 Long-term Transplant Outcomes: Lung and Heart-Lung Transplantation
Toshihiro Okamoto, David Wheeler, and Kenneth R. McCurry
107 Long-term Transplant Outcomes: Pancreas Transplantation
Philip Y. Wai and Hans W. Sollinger
108 Long-term Transplant Outcomes: Islet Transplantation
A.M. James Shapiro and Camillo Ricordi
109 Long-term Transplant Outcomes: Intestinal and Multi-visceral Transplantation
Jennifer Garcia, Gennaro Selvaggi, Akin Tekin, Philip Ruiz Jr. and Andreas Tzakis
110 Long-term Transplant Outcomes: Vascularized Composite Allograft (VCA) Transplantation
Alessandrina M. Freitas and Linda C. Cendales
Section 8 Pediatric Transplant
111 An Introduction to Pediatric Organ Transplantation
Allan D. Kirk and Steven B. Webber
112 Develomental Immunology: From Birth to Adult
Simon Urschel and Lori J. West
113 Pediatric Transplant: Kidney
Bill Harmon
114 Pediatric Transplant: Liver
John C. Bucuvalas and Sandy Feng
115 Pediatric Transplant: Heart
Steven B. Webber
116 Pediatric Transplant: Lung
Stuart C. Sweet and Albert Faro
117 Pediatric Transplant: Intestinal and Multivisceral Transplant
Douglas G. Farmer
Special Pediatric Considerations
118 Growth and Development After Organ Transplantation
Franz Schaefer
119 Cognitive Development and Functional Outcomes
Estella M. Alonso, Saeed Mohammad and Lisa G. Sorensen
120 Nonadherence, Psychosocial Adaptation and Its Effects in Pediatric Transplantation
Robert Ettenger and Margaret L. Stuber
121 Management of the Recipient in the Transition from Pediatric to Adult Care
Sandi Amaral and Lorraine E. Bell
Section 9 Transplant Administration
122 Transplant Coordination
Dianne LaPointe Rudow
123 The Transplant Pharmacy
Christin C. Rogers, Nicole A. Pilch, Eric M. Tichy, Lonnie D. Smith, David J. Taber and Rita R. Alloway
124 Inpatient Transplant Unit Management
Linda Ohler, Margaret J. Schaeffer, Kelly Carter and Donna B. George
125 Transplant Clinic Management
Elizabeth A. Kallenborn, Chris Shay-Downer, Kathy Schwab and Shelley Zomak
126 Transplant Center Management and Leadership – A Case for Structured Intrapreneurship
Luke Preczewski, Gwen McNatt and Michael Abecassis
127 Transplant Quality Programs
Christian Morath, Peter Schemmer and Martin G. Zeier
128 National and International Transplant Management and Oversight
Jeremy Chapman, Virginia A. McBride, Esther-Marie Carmichael and Linda Ohler
Transplant Education
129 Abdominal Solid Organ Transplantation Fellowship Training
Rachel C. Forbes and Mitchell L. Henry
130 Medical Solid Organ Transplant Fellowship
Deirdre Sawinski and Roy D. Bloom
131 Transplantation in General Medical Education
Douglas J. Norman and Rowena de los Santos
Section 10 Clinical Trials & Data Management
132 Building and Sustaining a Local Data Management Program
Regina Eady, Tim Morris, Marc J. Overcash and Jeff Weaver
133 National Transplant Data Registries and Population Studies
Allan Massie and Dorry L. Segev
134 Clinical Research Methods and Analysis in Organ Transplantation
Jesse D. Schold and S. Joseph Kim
135 Comparative Effectiveness in Transplant
Edward A. Meister and Bruce Kaplan
Section 11 Transplant Policy
Transplant Ethics
136 Transplant Ethics for Clinicians
Richard N. Formica Jr. and Francis L. Delmonico
137 Organ Allocation
Richard S. Luskin and Alexandra K. Glazier
138 Living Donation
Alice Peng and Andrew Klein
139 Cultural Variations
Chris J. Callaghan and J. Andrew Bradley
Economic and Societal Impact of Transplantation and Transplant Policy
140 Federal and Private Insurance Coverage for Transplant Policy
Timothy L. Pruett
141 Drug Development in Solid Organ Transplantation and the Approval Process for Transplant Immunosuppressants
Candace Wang, J. Mark Hexham, Alan Slade, Peter Heining, Ronald Van Valen, Guido Junge and Marc I. Lorber
Index
