The only anatomy atlas illustrated by physicians, Atlas of Human Anatomy, 7th edition, brings you world-renowned, exquisitely clear views of the human body with a clinical perspective. In addition to the famous work of Dr. Frank Netter, you'll also find nearly 100 paintings by Dr. Carlos A. G. Machado, one of today's foremost medical illustrators. Together, these two uniquely talented physician-artists highlight the most clinically relevant views of the human body. In addition, more than 50 carefully selected radiologic images help bridge illustrated anatomy to living anatomy as seen in everyday practice. Anatomic labels follow the international standard in Latin.
- Region-by-region coverage, including Muscle Table appendices at the end of each section.
- Large, clear illustrations with comprehensive labels not only of major structures, but also of those with important relationships. - Tabular material in separate pages so the printed page stays focused on the illustration.
Updates to the 7th Edition - based on requests from students and practitioners alike:
- For the first time - a Latin-English edition. Latin nomenclature based on the international anatomic standard, Terminologia Anatomica.
- New Systems Overview section featuring brand-new, full-body views of surface anatomy, vessels, nerves, and lymphatics.
- More than 25 new illustrations by Dr. Machado, including the clinically important fascial columns of the neck, deep veins of the leg, hip bursae, and vasculature of the prostate; and difficult-to-visualize areas like the infratemporal fossa.
- New Clinical Tables at the end of each regional section that focus on structures with high clinical significance. These tables provide quick summaries, organized by body system, and indicate where to best view key structures in the illustrated plates.
- More than 50 new radiologic images - some completely new views and others using newer imaging tools - have been included based on their ability to assist readers in grasping key elements of gross anatomy.
- Student Consult access includes a pincode to unlock the complete enhanced eBook of the Atlas through Student Consult.
- Region-by-region coverage, including Muscle Table appendices at the end of each section.
- Large, clear illustrations with comprehensive labels not only of major structures, but also of those with important relationships. - Tabular material in separate pages so the printed page stays focused on the illustration.
Updates to the 7th Edition - based on requests from students and practitioners alike:
- For the first time - a Latin-English edition. Latin nomenclature based on the international anatomic standard, Terminologia Anatomica.
- New Systems Overview section featuring brand-new, full-body views of surface anatomy, vessels, nerves, and lymphatics.
- More than 25 new illustrations by Dr. Machado, including the clinically important fascial columns of the neck, deep veins of the leg, hip bursae, and vasculature of the prostate; and difficult-to-visualize areas like the infratemporal fossa.
- New Clinical Tables at the end of each regional section that focus on structures with high clinical significance. These tables provide quick summaries, organized by body system, and indicate where to best view key structures in the illustrated plates.
- More than 50 new radiologic images - some completely new views and others using newer imaging tools - have been included based on their ability to assist readers in grasping key elements of gross anatomy.
- Student Consult access includes a pincode to unlock the complete enhanced eBook of the Atlas through Student Consult.
Table of Contents
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION PLATES 1-7Introduction Plates 1-7
Plate 1 Body Planes and Terms of Relationship
Plate 2 Surface Anatomy: Regions (Anterior view of female)
Plate 3 Surface Anatomy: Regions (Posterior view of male)
Plate 4 Major Arteries and Pulses
Plate 5 Major Veins of the Cardiovascular System
Plate 6 General Organization of the Nervous System
Plate 7 Overview of the Lymphatic System
Electronic Bonus Plates BP1-BP16
Plate BP 1 Cross Section of Skin
Plate BP 2 Pilosebaceous Unit
Plate BP 3 Major Body Cavities
Plate BP 4 Skeletal System: Axial and Appendicular Skeleton
Plate BP 5 Types of Joints
Plate BP 6 Joints and Ligaments
Plate BP 7 Architecture of Bone
Plate BP 8 The Muscular System
Plate BP 9 Overview of the Gastrointestinal System
Plate BP 10 Overview of Endocrine System
Plate BP 11 Neurons and Synapses
Plate BP 12 Features of a Typical Peripheral Nerve
Plate BP 13 Sites of Visceral Referred Pain
Plate BP 14 General Organization of the Cardiovascular System
Plate BP 15 Cardiovascular System: Composition of Blood
Plate BP 16 Arterial and Venous Structures
SECTION 2 HEAD AND NECK PLATES 8-160
Surface Anatomy Plate 8
Plate 8 Head and Neck: Surface Anatomy
Superficial Head and Neck Plates 9-10
Plate 9 Cutaneous Nerves of Head and Neck
Plate 10 Superficial Arteries and Veins of Face and Scalp
Bones and Ligaments Plates 11-30
Plate 11 Skull: Anterior View
Plate 12 Skull: Radiographs
Plate 13 Skull: Lateral View
Plate 14 Skull: Lateral Radiograph
Plate 15 Skull: Midsagittal Section
Plate 16 Calvaria
Plate 17 Cranial Base: Inferior View
Plate 18 Cranial Base: Superior View
Plate 19 Foramina and Canals of Cranial Base: Inferior View
Plate 20 Foramina and Canals of Cranial Base: Superior View
Plate 21 Skull of Newborn
Plate 22 Bony Framework of Head and Neck
Plate 23 Pterygoid Fossae
Plate 24 Mandible
Plate 25 Temporomandibular Joint
Plate 26 Cervical Vertebrae: Atlas and Axis
Plate 27 Cervical Vertebrae (continued)
Plate 28 Cervical Vertebrae: Uncovertebral Joints
Plate 29 External Craniocervical Ligaments
Plate 30 Internal Craniocervical Ligaments
Neck Plates 31-41
Plate 31 Muscles of Facial Expression: Lateral View
Plate 32 Muscles of Neck: Anterior View
Plate 33 Fascial Layers of Neck
Plate 34 Cervical Fascia
Plate 35 Infrahyoid and Suprahyoid Muscles
Plate 36 Muscles of Neck: Lateral View
Plate 37 Scalene and Prevertebral Muscles
Plate 38 Superficial Veins and Cutaneous Nerves of Neck
Plate 39 Nerves and Vessels of Neck
Plate 40 Nerves and Vessels of Neck (continued)
Plate 41 Carotid Arteries
Nasal Region Plates 42-64
Plate 42 Nose
Plate 43 Lateral Wall of Nasal Cavity
Plate 44 Lateral Wall of Nasal Cavity (continued)
Plate 45 Medial Wall of Nasal Cavity (Nasal Septum)
Plate 46 Nerves of Nasal Cavity
Plate 47 Arteries of Nasal Cavity: Bony Nasal Septum Turned Up
Plate 48 Nerves of Nasal Cavity: Bony Nasal Septum Turned Up
Plate 49 Nose and Maxillary Sinus: Transverse Section
Plate 50 Paranasal Sinuses: Coronal and Transverse Sections
Plate 51 Paranasal Sinuses: Sagittal Views
Plate 52 Paranasal Sinuses: Changes with Age
Plate 53 Salivary Glands
Plate 54 Facial Nerve Branches and Parotid Gland
Plate 55 Muscles Involved in Mastication
Plate 56 Muscles Involved in Mastication (continued)
Plate 57 Maxillary Artery
Plate 58 Proximal Maxillary and Superficial Temporal Arteries
Plate 59 Mandibular Nerve (CN V3)
Plate 60 Superior View of Infratemporal Fossa
Plate 61 Ophthalmic (CN V1) and Maxillary (CN V2) Nerves
Plate 62 Autonomic Innervation of Nasal Cavity
Plate 63 Nerves and Arteries of the Deep Face
Plate 64 Orientation of Nerves and Vessels of the Cranial Base
Oral Region Plates 65-74
Plate 65 Inspection of Oral Cavity
Plate 66 Afferent Innervation of Oral Cavity and Pharynx
Plate 67 Roof of Oral Cavity
Plate 68 Tongue and Salivary Glands: Sections
Plate 69 Floor of Oral Cavity
Plate 70 Tongue
Plate 71 Tongue (continued)
Plate 72 Fauces
Plate 73 Teeth
Plate 74 Teeth (continued)
Pharynx Plates 75-86
Plate 75 Muscles of Pharynx: Partially Opened Posterior View
Plate 76 Posterior View of Pharynx: Nerves and Vessels
Plate 77 Pharynx: Medial View
Plate 78 Muscles of Pharynx: Medial View
Plate 79 Pharynx: Opened Posterior View
Plate 80 Pharyngoesophageal Junction
Plate 81 Muscles of Pharynx: Lateral View
Plate 82 Nerves of Oral Head and Neck Regions
Plate 83 Arteries of Oral and Pharyngeal Regions
Plate 84 Veins of Oral and Pharyngeal Regions
Plate 85 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Head and Neck
Plate 86 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Pharynx and Tongue
Thyroid Gland and Larynx Plates 87-93
Plate 87 Thyroid Gland: Anterior View
Plate 88 Thyroid Gland and Pharynx: Posterior View
Plate 89 Parathyroid Glands
Plate 90 Cartilages of Larynx
Plate 91 Intrinsic Muscles of Larynx
Plate 92 Nerves and Coronal Section of Larynx
Plate 93 Action of Intrinsic Muscles of Larynx
Orbit and Contents Plates 94-104
Plate 94 Eyelids
Plate 95 Lacrimal Apparatus
Plate 96 Extrinsic Eye Muscles
Plate 97 Nerves of Orbit
Plate 98 Superior and Anterior View of Orbit
Plate 99 Arteries and Veins of Orbit and Eyelids
Plate 100 Eyeball: Transverse Section
Plate 101 Anterior and Posterior Chambers of Eyeball
Plate 102 Lens and Supporting Structures
Plate 103 Intrinsic Arteries and Veins of Eye
Plate 104 Vascular Supply of Eye
Ear Plates 105-110
Plate 105 Ear and Course of Sound in Cochlea
Plate 106 External Ear and Tympanic Cavity
Plate 107 Tympanic Cavity
Plate 108 Bony and Membranous Labyrinths
Plate 109 Bony and Membranous Labyrinths (continued)
Plate 110 Orientation of Labyrinths in Skull
Meninges and Brain Plates 111-126
Plate 111 Meninges and Diploic Veins
Plate 112 Meningeal Arteries
Plate 113 Meninges and Superficial Cerebral Veins
Plate 114 Dural Venous Sinuses: Sagittal Section
Plate 115 Dural Venous Sinuses (continued)
Plate 116 Brain: Lateral Views
Plate 117 Brain: Medial Views
Plate 118 Brain: Inferior View
Plate 119 Ventricles of Brain
Plate 120 Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Plate 121 Basal Nuclei (Ganglia)
Plate 122 Thalamus and Related Structures
Plate 123 Hippocampus and Fornix
Plate 124 Brainstem
Plate 125 Ventricles and Cerebellum
Plate 126 Cerebellum
Cranial and Cervical Nerves Plates 127-146
Plate 127 Cranial Nerve Nuclei in Brainstem: Schema
Plate 128 Cranial Nerve Nuclei in Brainstem: Schema (continued)
Plate 129 Cranial Nerves (Motor and Sensory Distribution): Schema
Plate 130 Olfactory Nerve (CN I): Schema
Plate 131 Optic Nerve (CN II) (Visual Pathway): Schema
Plate 132 Oculomotor (CN III), Trochlear (CN IV), and Abducent (CN VI) Nerves: Schema
Plate 133 Trigeminal Nerve (CN V): Schema
Plate 134 Facial Nerve (CN VII): Schema
Plate 135 Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII): Schema
Plate 136 Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX): Schema
Plate 137 Vagus Nerve (CN X): Schema
Plate 138 Accessory Nerve (CN XI): Schema
Plate 139 Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII): Schema
Plate 140 Cervical Plexus: Schema
Plate 141 Autonomic Nerves in Neck
Plate 142 Autonomic Nerves in Head
Plate 143 Ciliary Ganglion: Schema
Plate 144 Pterygopalatine and Submandibular Ganglia: Schema
Plate 145 Otic Ganglion: Schema
Plate 146 Taste Pathways: Schema
Cerebral Vasculature Plates 147-158
Plate 147 Arteries to Brain and Meninges
Plate 148 Internal Carotid Artery in Petrous Part of Temporal Bone
Plate 149 Arteries to Brain: Schema
Plate 150 Arteries of Brain: Inferior Views
Plate 151 Cerebral Arterial Circle (of Willis)
Plate 152 Arteries of Brain: Frontal View and Section
Plate 153 Arteries of Brain: Lateral and Medial Views
Plate 154 Arteries of Posterior Cranial Fossa
Plate 155 Veins of Posterior Cranial Fossa
Plate 156 Deep Veins of Brain
Plate 157 Subependymal Veins of Brain
Plate 158 Hypothalamus and Hypophysis
Regional Scans Plates 159-160
Plate 159 Cranial Imaging (MRV and MRA)
Plate 160 Cranial Imaging (MRI)
Electronic Bonus Plates Plates BP17-BP32
Plate BP17 3D Skull Reconstruction CTs
Plate BP18 Degenerative Changes in the Cervical Vertebrae
Plate BP19 Atlantooccipital Junction
Plate BP20 Muscles of Facial Expression: Anterior View
Plate BP21 Musculature of Face
Plate BP22 Paranasal Sinuses
Plate BP23 Subclavian Artery
Plate BP24 Opening of the Mandible
Plate BP25 Afferent Innervation of Oral Cavity and Pharynx
Plate BP26 Fasciae of Orbit and Eyeball
Plate BP27 Tympanic Cavity
Plate BP28 Anatomy of the Pediatric Ear
Plate BP29 Auditory Tube (Eustachian)
Plate BP30 Arteries and Veins of Hypothalamus and Hypophysis
Plate BP31 Cranial Imaging (MRV and MRA)
Plate BP32 MRI Brain
Structures with High Clinical Significance Table 2-1 - Table 2-*
Muscle Tables Table 2-* - Table 2-*
SECTION 3 BACK AND SPINAL CORD PLATES 161-186
Surface Anatomy Plate 161
Plate 161 Back: Surface Anatomy
Bones and Ligaments Plates 162-168
Plate 162 Vertebral Column
Plate 163 Thoracic Vertebrae
Plate 164 Lumbar Vertebrae
Plate 165 Vertebrae: Radiology
Plate 166 Sacrum and Coccyx
Plate 167 Vertebral Ligaments: Lumbosacral Region
Plate 168 Vertebral Ligaments: Lumbar Region
Spinal Cord Plates 169-179
Plate 169 Spinal Cord and Anterior Rami
Plate 170 Relation of Spinal Nerve Roots to Vertebrae
Plate 171 Dermatomes
Plate 172 Sympathetic Nervous System: Schema
Plate 173 Parasympathetic Nervous System: Schema
Plate 174 Spinal Meninges and Nerve Roots
Plate 175 Spinal Nerve Origin: Cross Sections
Plate 176 Arteries of Spinal Cord: Schema
Plate 177 Arteries of Spinal Cord: Intrinsic Distribution
Plate 178 Veins of Spinal Cord and Vertebral Column
Plate 179 Veins of Vertebral Column: Vertebral Veins
Muscles and Nerves Plates 180-184
Plate 180 Muscles of Back: Superficial Layer
Plate 181 Muscles of Back: Intermediate Layer
Plate 182 Muscles of Back: Deep Layer
Plate 183 Nerves of Back
Plate 184 Suboccipital Triangle
Cross-Sectional Anatomy Plates 185-186
Plate 185 Lumbar Region of Back: Cross Section
Plate 186 Typical Thoracic Spinal Nerve: Cross Section
Electronic Bonus Plates Plates BP33-BP43
Plate BP33 Vertebral Ligaments
Plate BP34 Cervical Spine Radiographs
Plate BP35 Cervical Spine MRI and Radiograph
Plate BP36 Thoracolumbar Spine - Lateral Radiograph
Plate BP37 Lumbar Vertebrae: Radiographs
Plate BP38 Lumbar Spine - MRIs
Plate BP39 Sympathetic Nervous System: General Topography
Plate BP40 Parasympathetic Nervous System: General Topography
Plate BP41 Cholinergic and Adrenergic Synapses: Schema
Plate BP42 Vertebral Veins: Detail showing venous communications
Plate BP43 Spinal Cord Cross Sections: Fiber Tracts
Structures with High Clinical Significance Table 3-1 - Table 3-*
Muscle Tables Table 3-* - Table 3-*
SECTION 4 THORAX PLATES 187-248
Surface Anatomy Plate 187
Plate 187 Thorax: Surface Anatomy
Mammary Gland Plates 188-191
Plate 188 Mammary Gland
Plate 189 Arteries of Mammary Gland
Plate 190 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Mammary Gland
Plate 191 Lymphatic Drainage of Breast
Body Wall Plates 192-201
Plate 192 Bony Framework of Thorax
Plate 193 Ribs and Associated Joints
Plate 194 Anterior Thoracic Wall
Plate 195 Anterior Thoracic Wall (continued)
Plate 196 Anterior Thoracic Wall: Internal View
Plate 197 Intercostal Nerves and Arteries
Plate 198 Veins of Internal Thoracic Wall
Plate 199 Phrenic Nerve
Plate 200 Respiratory Diaphragm: Thoracic Surface
Plate 201 Respiratory Diaphragm: Abdominal Surface
Lungs Plates 202-214
Plate 202 Topography of Lungs: Anterior View
Plate 203 Topography of Lungs: Posterior View
Plate 204 Lungs in Situ: Anterior View
Plate 205 Lungs: Medial Views
Plate 206 Bronchopulmonary Segments
Plate 207 Bronchopulmonary Segments (continued)
Plate 208 Trachea and Major Bronchi
Plate 209 Bronchi and Intrapulmonary Airways
Plate 210 Great Vessels of Superior Mediastinum
Plate 211 Bronchial Arteries and Veins
Plate 212 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Lung
Plate 213 Autonomic Nerves of Thorax
Plate 214 Innervation of Tracheobronchial Tree: Schema
Heart Plates 215-233
Plate 215 Heart in Situ
Plate 216 Heart: Anterior Exposure
Plate 217 Radiology and Auscultation of Heart
Plate 218 Heart: Base and Diaphragmatic Surface
Plate 219 Pericardial Sac
Plate 220 Mediastinum: Cross Section
Plate 221 Thorax: Coronal Section of Heart, Ascending Aorta
Plate 222 Coronary Arteries and Cardiac Veins
Plate 223 Coronary Arteries: Imaging
Plate 224 Right Atrium and Ventricle
Plate 225 Left Atrium and Ventricle
Plate 226 Valves and Fibrous Skeleton of Heart
Plate 227 Valves and Fibrous Skeleton of Heart (continued)
Plate 228 Atria, Ventricles, and Interventricular Septum
Plate 229 Conducting System of Heart
Plate 230 Nerves of Thorax
Plate 231 Innervation of Heart: Schema
Plate 232 Innervation of Blood Vessels: Schema
Plate 233 Prenatal and Postnatal Circulation
Mediastinum Plates 234-243
Plate 234 Mediastinum: Right Lateral View
Plate 235 Mediastinum: Left Lateral View
Plate 236 Esophagus in Situ
Plate 237 Topography and Constrictions of Esophagus
Plate 238 Musculature of Esophagus
Plate 239 Esophagogastric Junction
Plate 240 Arteries of Esophagus
Plate 241 Veins of Esophagus
Plate 242 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Esophagus
Plate 243 Nerves of Esophagus
Regional Scans Plate 244
Plate 244 Chest Scans: Axial CT Images
Cross-Sectional Anatomy Plates 245-248
Plate 245 Cross Section of Thorax at T3 Level
Plate 246 Cross Section of Thorax at T3-4 Disc Level
Plate 247 Cross Section of Thorax at T4-5 Disc Level
Plate 248 Cross Section of Thorax at T7 Level
Electronic Bonus Plates Plates BP44-BP56
Plate BP44 The Respiratory System
Plate BP45 Cervical Ribs and Related Anomalies
Plate BP46 Muscle Attachments of Ribs
Plate BP47 Muscles of Respiration
Plate BP48 Intrapulmonary Airways: Schema
Plate BP49 Intrapulmonary Blood Circulation: Schema
Plate BP50 Gas Exchange
Plate BP51 Anterior Aspect of Heart
Plate BP52 Coronary Arteries: Right Anterior Oblique Views
Plate BP53 Coronary Arteries and Cardiac Veins: Variations
Plate BP54 Intrinsic Nerves and Variations in Nerves of Esophagus
Plate BP55 Arteries of Esopahgus: Variations
Plate BP56 Thorax: Coronal Section (Midaxillary Line, Tracheal Bifurcation, Left Atrium)
Plate BP57 Thorax - Coronal CTs
Structures with High Clinical Significance Table 4-1 - Table 4-*
Muscle Tables Table 4-* - Table 4-*
SECTION 5 ABDOMEN PLATES 249-332
Surface Anatomy Plate 249
Plate 249 Abdomen: Surface Anatomy
Body Wall Plates 250-269
Plate 250 Bony Framework of Abdomen
Plate 251 Regions and Planes of Abdomen
Plate 252 Anterior Abdominal Wall: Superficial Dissection
Plate 253 Anterior Abdominal Wall: Intermediate Dissection
Plate 254 Anterior Abdominal Wall: Deep Dissection
Plate 255 Rectus Sheath: Cross Section
Plate 256 Anterior Abdominal Wall: Internal View
Plate 257 Posterolateral Abdominal Wall
Plate 258 Arteries of Anterior Abdominal Wall
Plate 259 Veins of Anterior Abdominal Wall
Plate 260 Nerves of Anterior Abdominal Wall
Plate 261 Thoracoabdominal Nerves
Plate 262 Inguinal Region: Dissections
Plate 263 Inguinal Canal and Spermatic Cord
Plate 264 Femoral Sheath and Inguinal Canal
Plate 265 Posterior Abdominal Wall: Internal View
Plate 266 Arteries of Posterior Abdominal Wall
Plate 267 Veins of Posterior Abdominal Wall
Plate 268 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Posterior Abdominal Wall
Plate 269 Nerves of Posterior Abdominal Wall
Peritoneal Cavity Plates 270-275
Plate 270 Greater Omentum and Abdominal Viscera
Plate 271 Mesenteric Relations of Intestines
Plate 272 Mesenteric Relations of Intestines (continued)
Plate 273 Omental Bursa: Stomach Reflected
Plate 274 Omental Bursa: Cross Section
Plate 275 Peritoneum of Posterior Abdominal Wall
Viscera (Gut) Plates 276-283
Plate 276 Stomach in Situ
Plate 277 Mucosa of Stomach
Plate 278 Duodenum in Situ
Plate 279 Mucosa and Musculature of Small Intestine
Plate 280 Ileocecal Region
Plate 281 Ileocecal Region (continued)
Plate 282 (Vermiform) Appendix
Plate 283 Mucosa and Musculature of Large Intestine
Viscera (Accessory Organs) Plates 284-289
Plate 284 Surfaces and Bed of Liver
Plate 285 Liver in Situ: Vascular and Duct Systems
Plate 286 Liver Structure: Schema
Plate 287 Gallbladder, Extrahepatic Bile Ducts, and Pancreatic Duct
Plate 288 Pancreas in Situ
Plate 289 Spleen
Visceral Vasculature Plates 290-300
Plate 290 Arteries of Stomach, Liver, and Spleen
Plate 291 Arteries of Liver, Pancreas, Duodenum, and Spleen
Plate 292 Celiac Arteriogram and CT Angiogram
Plate 293 Arteries of Duodenum and Head of Pancreas
Plate 294 Arteries of Small Intestine
Plate 295 Arteries of Large Intestine
Plate 296 Veins of Stomach, Duodenum, Pancreas, and Spleen
Plate 297 Veins of Small Intestine
Plate 298 Veins of Large Intestine
Plate 299 Hepatic Portal Vein Tributaries: Portacaval Anastomoses
Plate 300 Autonomic Nerves and Ganglia
Innervation Plates 301-310
Plate 301 Autonomic Innervation of Stomach and Duodenum
Plate 302 Autonomic Innervation of Stomach and Duodenum (continued)
Plate 303 Autonomic Innervation of Esophagus, Stomach and Duodenum: Schema
Plate 304 Autonomic Innervation of Small Intestine
Plate 305 Autonomic Innervation of Large Intestine
Plate 306 Autonomic Innervation of Intestines: Schema
Plate 307 Autonomic Reflex Pathways: Schema
Plate 308 Enteric Plexuses of Intestine
Plate 309 Autonomic Innervation of Liver: Schema
Plate 310 Autonomic Innervation of Pancreas: Schema
Kidneys and Suprarenal Glands Plates 311-324
Plate 311 Kidneys in Situ: Anterior Views
Plate 312 Kidneys in Situ: Posterior Views
Plate 313 Renal Artery and Vein in Situ
Plate 314 Gross Structure of Kidney
Plate 315 Intrarenal Arteries and Renal Segments
Plate 316 Ureters in Abdomen and Pelvis
Plate 317 Arteries of Ureters and Urinary Bladder
Plate 318 Renal Fasciae
Plate 319 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Kidneys and Urinary Bladder
Plate 320 Autonomic Nerves of Kidneys, Ureters, and Urinary Bladder
Plate 321 Autonomic Innervation of Kidneys and Upper Ureters: Schema
Plate 322 Autonomic Nerves of Suprarenal Glands: Dissection and Schema
Plate 323 Arteries and Veins of Suprarenal Glands in Situ
Plate 324 Abdominal Wall and Viscera: Paramedian (Parasagittal) Section
Lymphatics Plate 325
Plate 325 Abdominal and Pelvic Lymphatics: Schema
Regional Scans Plates 326-327
Plate 326 Abdominal Scans: Axial CT Images
Plate 327 Abdominal Scans: Axial CT Images (continued)
Cross-Sectional Anatomy Plates 328-332
Plate 328 Cross Section at T10, Esophagogastric Junction
Plate 329 Cross Section at T12, Inferior to Xiphoid
Plate 330 Cross Section at T12-L1, Intervertebral Disc
Plate 331 Cross Section at L1-2, Intervertebral Disc
Plate 332 Cross Section at L3-4
Electronic Bonus Plates Plates BP58-BP87
Plate BP58 Inguinal and Femoral Regions
Plate BP59 Indirect Inguinal Hernia
Plate BP60 Variations in Position and Contour of Stomach in Relation to Body Habitus
Plate BP61 Layers of Duodenal Wall
Plate BP62 Appendix, MRCP, and Nerve Branches of Hepatic Artery
Plate BP63 Topography of Liver
Plate BP64 Variations in Form of Liver
Plate BP65 Sigmoid Colon: Variations in Position
Plate BP66 Variation in Posterior Peritoneal Attachment of Cecum
Plate BP67 Variations in Pancreatic Duct
Plate BP68 Variations in Cystic, Hepatic, and Pancreatic Ducts
Plate BP69 Variations in Cystic Arteries
Plate BP70 Variations in Hepatic Arteries
Plate BP71 Variations and Anomalies of Hepatic Portal Vein
Plate BP72 Variations in Celiac Trunk
Plate BP73 Variations in Colic Arteries - Part I
Plate BP74 Variations in Colic Arteries - Part II
Plate BP75 Variations in Renal Artery and Vein
Plate BP76 Histology of Renal Corpuscle
Plate BP77 Nephron and Collecting Tubule: Schema
Plate BP78 Blood Vessels in Parenchyma of Kidney: Schema
Plate BP79 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Stomach
Plate BP80 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Pancreas
Plate BP81 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Small Intestine
Plate BP82 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Large Intestine
Plate BP83 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Liver
Plate BP84 Schematic Cross Section of Abdomen at Middle T12
Plate BP85 Abdomen Transverse Section: Level of L5, Near Transtubercular Plane
Plate BP86 Abdomen Transverse Section: Level of S1, Anterior Superior Iliac Spines
Plate BP87 Axial CT of Upper Abdomen
Structures with High Clinical Significance Table 5-1 - Table 5-*
Muscle Tables Table 5-* - Table 5-*
SECTION 6 PELVIS AND PERINEUM PLATES 333-401
Surface Anatomy Plate 333
Plate 333 Pelvis and Perineum: Surface Anatomy
Bones and Ligaments Plates 334-338
Plate 334 Bony Framework of Pelvis
Plate 335 Male and Female Pelvis: Radiographs
Plate 336 Sex Differences of Pelvis: Measurements
Plate 337 Bones and Ligaments of Pelvis
Plate 338 Bones and Ligaments of Pelvis (continued)
Pelvic Floor and Contents Plates 339-349
Plate 339 Pelvic Diaphragm: Female
Plate 340 Pelvic Diaphragm: Female (continued)
Plate 341 Pelvic Diaphragm: Female (continued)
Plate 342 Pelvic Diaphragm: Male
Plate 343 Pelvic Diaphragm: Male (continued)
Plate 344 Pelvic Contents: Female
Plate 345 Pelvic Viscera and Perineum: Female
Plate 346 Pelvic Viscera: Female
Plate 347 Endopelvic Fascia and Potential Spaces
Plate 348 Pelvic Contents: Male
Plate 349 Pelvic Viscera and Perineum: Male
Urinary Bladder Plates 350-352
Plate 350 Urinary Bladder: Orientation and Supports
Plate 351 Female Sphincters
Plate 352 Urinary Bladder: Female and Male
Uterus, Vagina, and Supporting Structures Plates 353-357
Plate 353 Uterus, Vagina, and Supporting Structures
Plate 354 Uterus: Fascial Ligaments
Plate 355 Uterus and Adnexa
Plate 356 Female Pelvic Relationships
Plate 357 Pelvic Ligaments
Perineum and External Genitalia: Female Plates 358-361
Plate 358 Female Perineum and External Genitalia (Pudendum or Vulva)
Plate 359 Female Perineum (Superficial Dissection)
Plate 360 Female Perineum and Deep Perineum
Plate 361 Female Perineal Spaces
Perineum and External Genitalia: Male Plates 362-369
Plate 362 Male Perineum and External Genitalia (Superficial Dissection)
Plate 363 Male Perineum and External Genitalia (Deeper Dissection)
Plate 364 Penis
Plate 365 Male Perineal Spaces
Plate 366 Prostate Gland and Seminal Vesicles
Plate 367 Urethra
Plate 368 Descent of Testis
Plate 369 Scrotum and Contents
Homologues of Genitalia Plates 370-371
Plate 370 Homologues of External Genitalia
Plate 371 Homologues of Internal Genitalia
Testis, Epididymis, and Ductus Deferens Plate 372
Plate 372 Testis, Epididymis, and Ductus Deferens
Rectum Plates 373-378
Plate 373 Rectum in Situ: Female and Male
Plate 374 Ischioanal Fossae
Plate 375 Rectum and Anal Canal
Plate 376 Anorectal Musculature
Plate 377 External Anal Sphincter Muscle: Perineal Views
Plate 378 Actual and Potential Perineopelvic Spaces
Regional Scan Plate 379
Plate 379 Pelvic Scans: Sagittal T2 MRIs
Vasculature Plates 380-390
Plate 380 Arteries of Rectum and Anal Canal: Male Posterior View
Plate 381 Veins of Rectum and Anal Canal: Female Anterior View
Plate 382 Arteries and Veins of Pelvic Organs: Female Anterior View
Plate 383 Arteries and Veins of Testis: Anterior View
Plate 384 Arteries of Pelvis: Female
Plate 385 Arteries and Veins Pelvis: Male
Plate 386 Arteries and Veins of Perineum and Uterus
Plate 387 Arteries and Veins of Perineum: Male
Plate 388 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Pelvis and Genitalia: Female
Plate 389 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Perineum: Female
Plate 390 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Pelvis and Genitalia: Male
Innervation Plates 391-399
Plate 391 Nerves of External Genitalia: Male
Plate 392 Nerves of Pelvic Viscera: Male
Plate 393 Nerves of Perineum: Male
Plate 394 Nerves of Pelvic Viscera: Female
Plate 395 Nerves of Perineum and External Genitalia: Female
Plate 396 Neuropathways in Parturition
Plate 397 Innervation of Female Reproductive Organs: Schema
Plate 398 Innervation of Male Reproductive Organs: Schema
Plate 399 Innervation of Urinary Bladder and Lower Ureter: Schema
Cross-Sectional Anatomy Plates 400-401
Plate 400 Male Pelvis: Cross Section of Bladder-Prostate Gland Junction
Plate 401 Female Pelvis: Cross Section of Vagina-Urethra
Electronic Bonus Plates BP88-BP98
Plate BP88 Fasciae of the Male and Female Pelvis and Perineum
Plate BP89 Male and Female Cystourethrograms
Plate BP90 Female Urethra
Plate BP91 Genetics of Reproduction
Plate BP92 Menstrual Cycle
Plate BP93 Testes
Plate BP94 Uterine Development
Plate BP95 Ovary, Ova and Follicles
Plate BP96 Variations in Hymen
Plate BP97 Cross Section Through Prostate
Plate BP98 Arteries and Veins of Pelvis: Male
Structures with High Clinical Significance Table 6-1 - Table 6-*
Muscle Tables Table 6-* - Table 6-*
SECTION 7 UPPER LIMB PLATES 402-470
Surface Anatomy Plate 402
Plate 402 Upper Limb: Surface Anatomy
Cutaneous Anatomy Plates 403-407
Plate 403 Dermatomes of Upper Limb and Segmental Function
Plate 404 Cutaneous Innervation of Upper Limb
Plate 405 Cutaneous Nerves and Superficial Veins of Proximal Upper Limb
Plate 406 Cutaneous Nerves and Superficial Veins of Forearm and Hand
Plate 407 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Upper Limb
Shoulder and Axilla Plate 408-420
Plate 408 Clavicle and Sternoclavicular Joint
Plate 409 Humerus and Scapula: Anterior Views
Plate 410 Humerus and Scapula: Posterior Views
Plate 411 Shoulder: Anteroposterior Radiograph
Plate 412 Shoulder (Glenohumeral Joint)
Plate 413 Muscles of Shoulder
Plate 414 Axilla: Posterior Wall
Plate 415 Muscles of Rotator Cuff
Plate 416 Pectoral, Clavipectoral, and Axillary Fasciae
Plate 417 Scapulothoracic and Scapulohumeral Dissection
Plate 418 Axillary Artery and Anastomoses around Scapula
Plate 419 Axilla (Dissection): Anterior View
Plate 420 Brachial Plexus: Schema
Arm Plates 421-425
Plate 421 Muscles of Arm: Anterior Views
Plate 422 Muscles of Arm: Posterior Views
Plate 423 Brachial Artery in Situ
Plate 424 Arteries of Arm and Proximal Forearm
Plate 425 Arm: Serial Cross Sections
Elbow and Forearm Plates 426-441
Plate 426 Bones of Elbow
Plate 427 Elbow: Radiographs
Plate 428 Ligaments of Elbow
Plate 429 Bones of Forearm
Plate 430 Individual Muscles of Forearm: Rotators of Radius
Plate 431 Individual Muscles of Forearm: Extensors of Wrist and Digits
Plate 432 Individual Muscles of Forearm: Flexors of Wrist
Plate 433 Individual Muscles of Forearm: Flexors of Digits
Plate 434 Muscles of Forearm (Superficial Layer): Posterior View
Plate 435 Muscles of Forearm (Deep Layer): Posterior View
Plate 436 Muscles of Forearm (Superficial Layer): Anterior View
Plate 437 Muscles of Forearm (Intermediate Layer): Anterior View
Plate 438 Muscles of Forearm (Deep Layer): Anterior View
Plate 439 Attachments of Muscles of Forearm: Anterior View
Plate 440 Attachments of Muscles of Forearm: Posterior View
Plate 441 Forearm: Serial Cross Sections, Anterior View
Wrist and Hand Plates 442-461
Plate 442 Carpal Bones
Plate 443 Movements of Wrist
Plate 444 Ligaments of Wrist
Plate 445 Ligaments of Wrist (continued)
Plate 446 Bones of Wrist and Hand
Plate 447 Wrist and Hand: Radiographs
Plate 448 Metacarpophalangeal and Interphalangeal Ligaments
Plate 449 Wrist and Hand: Superficial Palmar Dissections
Plate 450 Wrist and Hand: Deeper Palmar Dissections
Plate 451 Lumbrical Muscles and Bursae, Spaces, and Sheaths: Schema
Plate 452 Flexor Tendons, Arteries, and Nerves at Wrist
Plate 453 Bursae, Spaces, and Tendon Sheaths of Hand
Plate 454 Flexor and Extensor Tendons in Fingers
Plate 455 Intrinsic Muscles of Hand
Plate 456 Arteries and Nerves of Hand: Palmar Views
Plate 457 Wrist and Hand: Superficial Radial Dissection
Plate 458 Wrist and Hand: Superficial Dorsal Dissection
Plate 459 Nerves and Arteries of Dorsal Hand and Wrist
Plate 460 Extensor Tendons at Wrist
Plate 461 Fingers
Neurovasculature Plates 462-469
Plate 462 Cutaneous Innervation of Wrist and Hand
Plate 463 Arteries and Nerves of Upper Limb: Anterior View
Plate 464 Nerves of Upper Limb
Plate 465 Musculocutaneous Nerve: Anterior View
Plate 466 Median Nerve
Plate 467 Ulnar Nerve
Plate 468 Radial Nerve in Arm and Nerves of Posterior Shoulder: Posterior View
Plate 469 Radial Nerve in Forearm and Hand
Regional Scan Plate 470
Plate 470 Shoulder MRI, CT Scan, and Arthrogram
Electronic Bonus Plates BP99-BP106
Plate BP99 Veins of Upper Limb
Plate BP100 Arteries of Arm and Proximal Forearm
Plate BP101 Arteries of Forearm
Plate BP102 Ligaments of Wrist
Plate BP103 Flexor and Extensor Zones of Hand
Plate BP104 Section Through Metacarpal and Distal Carpal Bones
Plate BP105 Cross Section of the Hand: Axial View
Plate BP106 Cross Section of the Hand: Axial View (Continued)
Structures with High Clinical Significance Table 7-1 - Table 7-*
Muscle Tables Table 7-* - Table 7-*
SECTION 8 LOWER LIMB PLATES 471-535
Surface Anatomy Plate 471
Plate 471 Lower Limb: Surface Anatomy
Cutaneous Anatomy Plates 472-475
Plate 472 Dermatomes of Lower Limb and Segemntal Function
Plate 473 Superficial Nerves and Veins of Lower Limb: Anterior View
Plate 474 Superficial Nerves and Veins of Lower Limb: Posterior View
Plate 475 Lymph Vessels and Nodes of Lower Limb
Hip and Thigh Plates 476-496
Plate 476 Coxal Bone
Plate 477 Hip Joint
Plate 478 Hip Joint: Anteroposterior Radiograph
Plate 479 Femur
Plate 480 Bony Attachments of Muscles of Hip and Thigh: Anterior View
Plate 481 Bony Attachments of Muscles of Hip and Thigh: Posterior View
Plate 482 Muscles of Thigh: Anterior Views
Plate 483 Muscles of Thigh: Anterior Views (continued)
Plate 484 Muscles of Hip and Thigh: Lateral View
Plate 485 Muscles of Hip and Thigh: Posterior Views
Plate 486 Psoas and Iliacus Muscles
Plate 487 Lumbosacral and Coccygeal Plexuses
Plate 488 Lumbar Plexus
Plate 489 Sacral and Coccygeal Plexuses
Plate 490 Arteries and Nerves of Thigh: Anterior Views
Plate 491 Arteries and Nerves of Thigh: Anterior Views (continued)
Plate 492 Arteries and Nerves of Thigh: Posterior View
Plate 493 Nerves of Hip and Buttock
Plate 494 Hip Bursa: Posterior and Anteriolateral Views
Plate 495 Arteries of Femoral Head and Neck
Plate 496 Thigh: Serial Cross Sections
Knee Plates 497-503
Plate 497 Knee: Medial and Lateral Views
Plate 498 Knee: Anterior Views
Plate 499 Knee: Interior Views
Plate 500 Knee: Cruciate and Collateral Ligaments
Plate 501 Knee: Anteroposterior Radiograph and Posterior View
Plate 502 Knee: Posterior and Sagittal Views
Plate 503 Arteries of Thigh and Knee: Schema
Leg Plates 504-514
Plate 504 Tibia and Fibula
Plate 505 Tibia and Fibula (continued)
Plate 506 Attachments of Muscles of Leg
Plate 507 Muscles of Leg (Superficial Dissection): Posterior View
Plate 508 Muscles of Leg (Intermediate Dissection): Posterior View
Plate 509 Muscles of Leg (Deep Dissection): Posterior View
Plate 510 Muscles of Leg: Lateral View
Plate 511 Muscles of Leg (Superficial Dissection): Anterior View
Plate 512 Muscles of Leg (Deep Dissection): Anterior View
Plate 513 Venous Drainage of Leg
Plate 514 Leg: Cross Sections and Fascial Compartments
Ankle and Foot Plates 515-528
Plate 515 Bones of Foot
Plate 516 Bones of Foot (continued)
Plate 517 Calcaneus
Plate 518 Ligaments and Tendons of Ankle
Plate 519 Ligaments and Tendons of Foot: Plantar View
Plate 520 Tendon Sheaths of Ankle
Plate 521 Muscles of Dorsum of Foot: Superficial Dissection
Plate 522 Dorsum of Foot: Deep Dissection
Plate 523 Plantar Region of Foot: Superficial Dissection
Plate 524 Muscles of Plantar Region of Foot: First Layer
Plate 525 Muscles of Plantar Region of Foot: Second Layer
Plate 526 Muscles of Plantar Region of Foot: Third Layer
Plate 527 Interosseous Muscles and Deep Arteries of Foot
Plate 528 Interosseous Muscles of Foot
Neurovasculature Plates 529-533
Plate 529 Femoral Nerve and Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
Plate 530 Obturator Nerve
Plate 531 Sciatic Nerve and Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
Plate 532 Tibial Nerve
Plate 533 Common Fibular Nerve
Regional Scans Plates 534-535
Plate 534 Hip Radiograph, Arthrogram, and MRI
Plate 535 Ankle: Radiographs
Electronic Bonus Plates Plates BP107-BP118
Plate BP107 Veins of Lower Limb
Plate BP108 Arteries of Thigh and Knee
Plate BP109 Cross-Sectional Anatomy of Hip: Axial View
Plate BP110 Arteries of Lower Leg
Plate BP111 Leg: Serial Cross Sections
Plate BP112 Osteology of the Knee
Plate BP113 Knee Radiograph: Lateral View
Plate BP114 Synovial Joint
Plate BP115 Anatomy of the Foot: Nerves and Arteries
Plate BP116 Cross-Sectional Anatomy of Ankle and Foot
Plate BP117 Cross-Sectional Anatomy of Ankle and Foot (Continued)
Plate BP118 Anatomy of the Toenail
Structures with High Clinical Significance Table 8-1 - Table 8-*
Muscle Tables Table 8-* - Table 8 -*
REFERENCES
INDEX
Authors
Frank H. NetterFrank H. Netter was born in New York City in 1906. He studied art at the Art Students League and the National Academy of Design before entering medical school at New York University, where he received his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1931. During his student years, Dr. Netter's notebook sketches attracted the attention of the medical faculty and other physicians, allowing him to augment his income by illustrating articles and textbooks. He continued illustrating as a sideline after establishing a surgical practice in 1933, but he ultimately opted to give up his practice in favor of a full-time commitment to art. After service in the United States Army during World War II, Dr. Netter began his long collaboration with the CIBA Pharmaceutical Company (now Novartis Pharmaceuticals). This 45-year partnership resulted in the production of the extraordinary collection of medical art so familiar to physicians and other medical professionals worldwide. Icon Learning Systems acquired the Netter Collection in July 2000 and continued to update Dr. Netter's original paintings and to add newly commissioned paintings by artists trained in the style of Dr. Netter. In 2005, Elsevier Inc. purchased the Netter Collection and all publications from Icon Learning Systems. There are now over 50 publications featuring the art of Dr. Netter available through Elsevier Inc.
Dr. Netter's works are among the finest examples of the use of illustration in the teaching of medical concepts. The 13-book Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations, which includes the greater part of the more than 20,000 paintings created by Dr. Netter, became and remains one of the most famous medical works ever published. The Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy, first published in 1989, presents the anatomic paintings from the Netter Collection. Now translated into 16 languages, it is the anatomy atlas of choice among medical and health professions students the world over.
The Netter illustrations are appreciated not only for their aesthetic qualities, but, more importantly, for their intellectual content. As Dr. Netter wrote in 1949 "clarification of a subject is the aim and goal of illustration. No matter how beautifully painted, how delicately and subtly rendered a subject may be, it is of little value as a medical illustration if it does not serve to make clear some medical point. Dr. Netter's planning, conception, point of view, and approach are what inform his paintings and what make them so intellectually valuable.
Frank H. Netter, MD, physician and artist, died in 1991.
