Ceramics have been used as biomaterials for oral and maxillofacial applications due to their excellent bioactivity, high hardness and wear resistance. One of the key drawbacks of synthetic implants is their failure to adapt to the local tissue environment. Improvements in reliability and biocompatibility of implants and prostheses can be achieved through surface modifications including the use of biomaterial thin films and nanocoatings.
This book provides readers with information about dental implants and biomateriual fabrication for maxillofacial procedures and dental bone / tissue repair. It is an ideal reference for medical and dental students and professionals (dentists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, prosthodontics) who are involved in implantology and tissue engineering. It will also provide valuable insights into the application and production of bioactive materials for any researchers and apprentices in materials science and biomedical engineering.
Key Features:
- Provides basic insights into the structure of bone and the functional anatomy of the skull
- Focuses on the applications of mathematical and computerized modelling methodology such as finite element analysis (FEA) in functional loading deformations in dental implant design
- Provides comprehensive coverage on the types of bioceramics and surface modifications currently used in dentistry
- Presents information about dental implant production and testing techniques including 3D printing, CAD/CAM technology, and nanoindentation testing
Table of Contents
Part I: Dental Implants And Human Anatomy
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Bone Structure
2.1 Physical And Mechanical Properties
2.2 Regional Variations
Chapter 3 Functional Anatomy Of The Skull
3.1 Tooth And Dentition
3.2 Cranium
3.3 Mandible
3.4 Temporomandibular Joint (Tmj)
3.5 Muscles Of Mastication
3.5.1 Masseter
3.5.2 Temporalis
3.5.3 Medial (Internal) Pterygoid
3.5.4 Lateral (External) Pterygoid
3.5.5 Other Muscles (The Digastric Muscle)
Part II: Mathematical Modeling
Chapter 4 Introduction
4.1 Biomechanics Of The Temporomandibular Joint
4.2 Mastication
4.3 The Chewing Stroke
4.4 Tooth Contacts During Mastication
4.5 Forces Of Mastication
Chapter 5 Biomechanics Of The Mandible
5.1 Non.Lever Action Hypotheses
5.2 Mandibular Movement
5.2.1 Mandibular Rest Position
5.2.2 Opening Movement
5.2.3 Protrusive Mandibular Movement
5.2.4 Laterotrusive Mandibular Movement
5.2.5 Retrusive Mandibular Movement
5.2.6 Closing Movement
Chapter 6 Mathematical Analysis Of The Mandible
6.1 Analysis By Barbenel
6.1.1 Forces Due To Muscle Action
6.1.2 Forces Due To Occlusal Load
6.1.3 The Force At The Tmj
6.2 Analysis By Pruim, De Jongh, Ten Bosch
6.3 Analysis By Throckmorton And Throckmorton
Part III: Computational Modeling
Chapter 7 Finite Element Method
7.1 Summary Of Finite Element History
7.2 The Basics
7.3 General Principles
7.4 Model Construction
7.5 Advantages And Disadvantages
7.6 The Element Characteristic Matrix
7.7 Material Properties
7.8 Non.Linear Analysis
7.9 Convergence Test
Chapter 8 Patient Matching
8.1 Model Development
8.2 Material Properties
8.3 Muscle Forces And Other Boundary Conditions
8.4 Applications
Chapter 9 Bone Fracture Healing
9.1 Bone Remodeling Process
9.2 Current Development
Chapter 10 Bone Remodeling . Dental Implants
10.1 Strain Energy Density
10.2 Stanford Theory
10.3 Adaptive Bone Remodeling
10.4 Bone.Implant Nanointeraction
Part IV: Biomaterial Production And Surface Modification
Chapter 11 Dental Bioceramics
11.1 Medical.Grade Bioceramics
11.2 Nanobioceramics And Nanocomposites
11.3 Current Production Technique
11.3.1 Computer.Assisted Design And Manufacturing
11.3.2 Three.Dimensional (3.D) Printing
11.4 Calcium Phosphate
11.5 Zirconia
11.6 Alumina
11.7 Bioactive Glass
11.7.1 Glass.To.Bone: Bonding
11.7.2 Glass.To.Bone: Interfacial Bond Strength
11.7.3 Bioactivity Of The Glass
11.7.4 Bioactive Glass: Production Method
11.7.4.1 Flame Spray Or Gas Phase Synthesis Of Glass Nanoparticles
11.7.4.2 Laser Spinning Technique
11.7.4.3 Micro.Emulsions
11.7.4.4 Sol.Gel
11.7.4.5 Bioactive Glass Composites
11.7.5 Biomedical Applications
11.7.5.1 Treatment Of Dentin Hypersensitivity
11.7.5.2 Maxillofacial And Ear, Nose, And Throat
Chapter 12 Bone Tissue Engineering And Scaffolds
121 Calcium Phosphate
1211 Nanocoated Coralline Apatite
1212 Liposomes
122 Bioglass
Chapter 13 Surface Modifications
131 Nanocoatings: Definition
132 Bioceramic Coatings: Production Method
1321 Plasma Spraying
1322 Sol.Gel
13221 The Basics
13222 Alkoxide Route
13223 Dip Coating
13224 Spin Coating
1323 Plasma Sprayed Coating And Sol.Gel Nanocoating: Comparison
133 Multi.Functional Nanocomposite Coatings
1331 Applications Of Biological Materials
13311 Stem Cells
13312 Collagen
13313 Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
13314 Peptides
1332 Drug Delivery
134 Mechanical Examinations Of Micro. And Nanocoatings
1341 Interfacial Adhesion Of A Coating.Substrate System
1342 Adhesion Based On Mechanical Theory
13421 Nanocoating And Surface Topography
13422 Anodizing Process
1343 Other Adhesion Theories
1344 Stresses In Coatings
1345 Adhesion And Mechanical Testing Techniques
13451 Scratch Testing
13452 Tensile Pull.Off And Shear Testing
13453 Bulge And Blister Test
13454 In Situ Microtensile Test
13455 Bend Delamination Test
13456 Instrumented Nanoindentation
13457 Finite Element Indentation Testing
13458 Finite Element Adhesion Testing
Concluding Remarks
Glossary
Definitions And Abbreviations
References
Author
- Andy H. Choi
- Besim Ben-Nissan
