Biostatistics for Medical and Biomedical Practitioners. Edition No. 2

Table of Contents

Basic Aspects of Statistics 1. Basic Concepts 2. Statistical Use and Misuse in Scientific Publications 3. Some Practical Aspects 4. Exploratory Descriptive Analysis 5. Basic Probability

Continuous Distributions 6. Normal Distribution 7. Statistical Inference: Confidence Limits and the Central Limit Theorem 8. Other Continuous Distributions 9. Outliers and Extreme Values

Hypothesis Testing 10. Hypothesis Testing: The Null Hypothesis, Significance and Type I Error 11. Hypothesis Testing: Sample Size, Effect Size, Power, and Type II Errors

Discrete Distributions 12. Permutations and Combinations; Logarithms 13. Hypergeometric Distribution 14. Categorical and Cross-Classified Data: Goodness of Fit and Association 15. Categorical and Cross-Classified Data 16. Binomial and Multinomial Distributions 17. Proportions 18. The Poisson Distribution 19. Negative Binomial Distribution

Probability in Epidemiology and Medical Diagnosis 20. Some Epidemiological Considerations: Odds Ratio, Relative Risk, and Attributable Risk 21. Probability, Bayes Theorem, Medical Diagnostic Evaluation, and Screening

Comparing Means 22. Comparison of Two Groups: T Tests and Non-Parametric Tests 23. T Test Variants: Cross-Over Tests, Equivalence Tests 24. Multiple Comparisons 25. Analysis of Variance. I One-Way 26. Analysis of Variance. II More Complex Forms

Regression and Correlation 27. Linear Regression 28. Variations Based on Linear Regression 29. Correlation 30. Multiple Regression 31. Serial Measurements: Time Series, Control Charts, Cusums 32. Dose-Response Analysis 33. Logistic Regression 34. Poisson Regression

Miscellaneous Topics 35. Survival Analysis 36. Meta-analysis 37. Resampling Statistics 38. Design: Sampling, Clinical Trials

Authors

Julien I. E. Hoffman Professor of Pediatrics, Emeritus, Senior Member of the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Julien I E Hoffman, M.D., F.R.C.P (London) was born and educated in Salisbury (now Harare) in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). He received a Bsc (Hons) in 1945 from the University of the Witwatersrand in South Africa, and his M.B., B.Ch. degree there in 1949. After working in the Departments of Medicine in Johannesburg General Hospital and in the Central Middlesex Hospital in London, he worked for the Medical Research Council at the Royal Postgraduate School in Hammersmith, London. Then he spent two years training in Pediatric Cardiogy at Boston Children's Hospital, followed by 15 months as a Fellow at the Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) at the University of California in San Francisco (UCSF). In 1962 he joined the faculty of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, and moved in 1966 to UCSF as Associate Professor of Pediatrics and member of the CVRI. He spent 50% of his time in the care of children with heart disease and 50% of his time doing research into the pathophysiology of the coronary circulation. His interest in Statistics began while taking his Science degree. In England, he took a short course run by Bradford Hill. On returning to Johannesburg he was assigned to statistical analyses for other members of the Department of Medicine. Learning was by trial and error, helped by Dr J Kerrich, head of the University's Statistics Department. Hoffman began teaching statistics to Medical students in 1964, and in San Francisco conducted an approved course for Fellows and Residents for over 30 years. He was a member of the Biostatistics group for approving and coordinating statistics at UCSF. For many years he was a statistical consultant for the journal Circulation Research, and was intermittently statistical consultant to several other medical journals.