This report is an analysis of biochip/microarray markets based on technologies and applications. The report starts with a description of technologies as a basis for the estimation of markets. Technologies include array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), copy number variation (CNV), DNA methylation, ChIP-Chip, RNA splice variants, and microRNA. Separate chapters are devoted to protein biochips/microarrays, microfluidics and nanobiotechnology-based nano-arrays.
Various applications of biochips and microarrays are described throughout the report. Areas of application such as point-of-care, genetic screening, cancer, and diagnosis of infections are included. Separate chapters are devoted to applications in drug discovery and development as well as personalized medicine
The report provides a current share of each segment: market size in 2020 and projected value for the years 2025 and 2030. Gene expression has the largest share and is an established market. The share of microarray technologies in other areas will grow with the maximum growth in RNA splice variants followed by epigenetics. The growth in protein microarrays is somewhat less, partly because it is more mature than the other submarkets and has already shown considerable growth in the past. The impact of next-generation sequencing on segments of microarray markets is identified. Customer requirements and unmet needs are described. Markets are also analyzed according to geographical areas.
Brief profiles of companies involved in biochip/microarray technologies are provided. Currently selected 94 companies are included along with a listing of 123 collaborations between companies. The text is supplemented by 21 tables, 11 figures and 140 references to literature.
This report covers the following:
- Introduction to Biochips and Microarrays
- Biochip and MicroarrayTechnologies
- Microfluidics-based Biochips and Microarrays
- Protein Biochips
- Nanotechnology-based Biochips and Microarrays
- Biochips & Microarrays for Epigenetics
- Applications of Microarrays in Drug Discovery & Development
- Biochip for Biomarkers, Molecular Diagnostics & Personalized Medicine
- Markets for Biochips & Microarrays
- Companies
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
1. Introduction
- Definitions of biochips/microarray
- Terms used for biochips
- Historical aspects of biochip/microarray technology
- Relation of microarrays to other technologies
- Applications of biochips/microarrays
- Advantages of biochips/microarrays
2. Biochip and Microarray Technologies
- Introduction
- Nucleic acid amplification and microarrays
- PCR on a chip
- Fast PCR biochip
- Multiplex microarray-enhanced PCR for DNA analysis
- Universal DNA microarray combining PCR and ligase detection reaction
- NASBA combined with microarray
- Rolling circle amplification on microarrays
- LiquiChip-RCAT
- Multiplexed Molecular Profiling
- Genomewide association scans
- Whole genome microarrays
- GeneChip Human Genome Arrays
- Arrayit's® H25K
- Transposon insertion site profiling chip
- Standardizing the microarrays
- Optical Mapping
- Imaging technologies used for detection in biochips/microarray
- Fluorescence and chemiluminescence
- MALDI-MS imaging and tissue microarrays
- Surface plasmon resonance technology for microarrays
- Microarray imaging systems
- Vidia™ Microarray Imaging Systems
- GenePix 4100A Microarray Scanner
- Tecan LS Reloaded™
- Microarrays based on detection by physico-chemical methods
- Electrical biochips
- Photoelectrochemical synthesis of DNA microarrays
- Microchip capillary electrophoresis
- Strand displacement amplification on a biochip
- Biosensor technologies for biochips
- DNA-based biosensors
- Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry
- Digital electronic biosensor chips
- Phototransistor biochip biosensor
- Applications of biosensor biochips
- Biosensors in food safety
- Cholesterol biosensor
- Glucose biosensors
- Biochips and microarrays for cytogenetics
- Chromosomal microarrays
- Comparative genomic hybridization
- Array-based CGH
- NimbleGen CGH arrays
- Single-cell array CGH
- Regulatory requirements for array CGH
- Combination of FISH and gene chips
- Combination of CGH and SNP microarray platforms
- Fish-on-chip
- SignatureChip®
- Tissue microarrays
- Pathology tissue-ChIP
- Carbohydrate microarrays
- RNA profiling
- RNA splice variants
- RIP-Chip
- miRNAs
- Microarrays for miRNAs
- Microarrays vs qPCR for measuring miRNAs
- Quantitative analysis of miRNAs in tissue microarrays by ISH
- Exon microarrays
- Microarrays & DNA sequencing
- Microarray-based emerging DNA sequencing technologies
- Exome sequencing for study of human variation
- High-throughput array-based resequencing
- Sequencing by hybridization
- SOLiD-System based ChIP-Sequencing
- Next generation sequencing vs microarrays for expression profiling
- Microarrays for synthetic biology
- Arrayit microarray platform for synthetic biology
- Microarray-based gene synthesis
- Magnetophoretic array-based cell sorting for further studies
3. Microfluidics-based Biochips and Microarrays
- Introduction
- Use of technologies from other industries in microfluidics
- Digital dispensing
- Lab-on-a-chip
- Amplification of fluorescence signal from lab-on-a-chip
- Use of glass in microfluidics
- LabChip
- LabCD
- Lab-on-a-brain
- Lab-on-a-chip multiplex immunoassay
- Micronics' microfluidic technology
- Rheonix CARD technology
- Microfluidic chips/arrays using PCR
- Digital PCR Array
- Digital PCR on a SlipChip
- Microfluidic automated DNA analysis using PCR
- Microfluidic single-cell RT-qPCR on a chip
- Microfluidic chips integrated with RCAT
- Microfluidic chips integrated with PET
- Molecular diagnostic applications of microfluidic biochips
- Biochips/microfluidics for detection of circulating tumor cells
- CEE (cell enrichment and extraction) technology
- Cluster-Chip for capturing CTCs
- CTChip™
- DNA nanospheres for isolation of CTCs
- Herringbone-chip for detection of CTCs
- Lab-on-chip for the isolation and detection of CTCs
- Microfluidic devices for analyzing blood of pediatric and neonatal patients
- Microfluidic PepArray™ for in situ synthesis of peptides
- Integrated microfluids platform for biomolecular interactions
- Electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids on a microfluidic chip
- Microfluidic chip for analysis of 3D microtissues
- Microfluidic 3D organ-on-a-chip
- Companies developing microfluidic technologies
4. Protein Biochips
- Introduction
- Protein biochip technologies
- Protein microarrays
- Affinity proteomics /antibody microarrays
- Applications of antibody microarrays
- Antibody microarrays for diagnosis of cancer
- Discovery of biomarkers by MAb microarray profiling
- Aptamer-based protein biochip
- High-density protein microarrays
- HPLC-Chip for protein identification
- 2D displacement chromatography using HPLC Chip
- LabChip for protein analysis
- MALDI-MS imaging and protein microarrays
- Multiplexed Protein Profiling on Microarrays
- Peptide microarrays
- ProteinChip
- Protein chips for antigen-antibody interactions molecular diagnostics
- Proteomic pattern analysis
- Reverse phase protein microarrays
- Single molecule array
- TRINECTIN proteome chip
- New developments in protein chips/microarrays
- Microfluidic devices for proteomics-based diagnostics
- Viral protein chip
- Use of microarray technologies in human protein atlas initiative
- Applications of protein biochip/microarrays
- Applications of peptide microarrays
- Biosensor protein chip
- Nucleic Acid Programmable Protein Array
- Proteome Identification Kit
- Protein nanobiochip for diagnosis
- Proteomic chip for profiling signaling pathways in single tumor cells
- Protein biochips/microarrays for personalized medicine
- Companies involved in protein biochips/microarrays
5. Nanobiotechnology-based Biochips & Microarrays
- Introduction
- Nanotechnology-based biochips
- Fullerene photodetectors for chemiluminescence detection on microfluidic chip
- Nanotechnology on a chip
- NanoChip® Electronic Microarray
- Silver nanorod array for on-chip detection of microbes and chemicals
- Verigene System
- Use of nanotechnology in microfluidics
- Construction of nanofluidic channels
- NanoAnalyzer® chip
- Nanoscale flow visualization
- Moving (levitation) of nanofluidic drops with physical forces
- Electrochemical nanofluid injection
- Nanofluidics on nanopatterned surfaces
- Nano-interface in a microfluidic chip
- Nanofluidic channels for study of DNA
- Nanoarrays
- Dip Pen Nanolithography for nanoarrays
- NanoPro™ System
- Nanosensors
- Biochips with nanosensors
- Peptide nucleic acid nanobiosensor arrays
- Cantilever arrays
- Nanotechnology-based protein biochips/microarrays
- AFM for immobilization of biomolecules in high-density nanoarrays
- Nanoparticle protein chip
- Protein biochips based on fluorescence planar wave guide technology
- Self-assembling protein nanoarrays
- Diagnostic applications of nanobiochips
- Nanofluidic devices to detect a single molecule of DNA
- Nanochip/biosensor for detection of circulating cancer cells
6. Biochips & Microarrays for Epigenetics
- Introduction
- Epigenomic technologies
- Epigenomics Digital Phenotype
- Global methylation analysis
- Illumina’s assays for analysis of methylation sites
- GenomicTree’s MDScan technology
- Orion’s MethylScope® technology
- ChIP-chip
- Microarray for immunogenetic testing
- Applications for study of DNA methylation
7. Applications of Microarrays in Drug Discovery & Development
- Introduction
- Drug discovery
- Finding lead compounds
- High-throughput cDNA microarrays
- Use of gene expression data to find new drug targets
- Investigation of the mechanism of drug action
- Cellular microarrays
- Peptide microarrays for high-throughput screening
- Biochips for toxicology studies
- Gene expression studies for toxicology using microarrays
- MetaChip/Datachip
- Testing drugs in organ-on-a-chip microdevices
- ADME-on-a-chip
- Brain cancer chip for personalized drug screening
- Liver-on-a-chip
- Lung-on-a-chip
- Multisensor-integrated organs-on-a-chip system
- Stem cells differentiation on a chip for testing response to drugs
- SmartChip for cancer drug discovery
- Drug development
- Use of microarrays in clinical trials
- Reverse phase protein microarrays
- Controlled-release microchip for drug delivery
- Implanted chips for drug delivery
- Lab-on-a-chip for drug delivery
- Pharmacy-on-a-chip
8. Biochips for Biomarkers, Molecular Diagnostics & Personalized
- Medicine
- Introduction
- Microarrays with integrated PCR
- AmpliChip CYP450
- AmpliChip P53 as companion diagnostic for cancer
- Infinity System
- In-Check Lab-on-Chip
- Biochips for POC diagnosis
- Triage protein chip
- Lab-on-a-chip
- POC salivary diagnostic biochip
- POC microarray for detection of circulating microRNA biomarkers
- Application of microarrays for discovery of biomarkers
- Gene expression microarray data as a source of protein biomarkers
- Peptide array technology for detection of biomarkers
- Protein microarrays for discovery of biomarkers
- QPDx® BioChips for biomarkers
- Tissue microarrays for study of biomarkers
- Biochip and microarray-based detection of SNPs
- Affymetrix Variation Detection Arrays
- Biochip combining BeadArray and ZipCode technologies
- NanoChip for detection of SNPs
- SNP genotyping by MassARRAY
- SNP-IT primer-extension technology
- Copy number variations in the human genome
- Agilent microarrays
- Affymetrix microarrays
- Infinium’s CNV and SNP lines
- HD Human660W-Quad BeadChip
- Roche NimbleGen’s CGH and CNV product line
- TaqMan® Copy Number Assays
- Innovations in CNV and CGH microarrays
- Bioinformatic tools for analysis of CNV data
- Applications of biochip technology in personalized medicine
- Commercial development of biochip technologies for diagnostics
9. Markets
- Introduction
- Methods for estimation of markets
- Microarray markets
- Market share of microfluidics-based microarrays
- Gene expression microarray markets
- Array CGH markets
- CNV markets
- Markets for RNA splice variants
- Markets for imaging technologies used in biochips/microarrays
- Markets for microarray relevant to miRNA
- Epigenetic markets
- ChIP-Chip
- Markets for protein microarrays
- Role of scientists’ attitudes on the evolution of protein microarray markets
- Market share of microarray technology in protein biomarkers
- Geographical distribution of microarray markets
- Currents trends
- Types of arrays used
- Tiling array
- Exon array
- Reaction specifics
- Pre-amplification use
- Reagents from array vendor or other sources
- Dual versus single color array preference
- Oligo versus BAC preference
- Cost per sample or cost per array
- Preference for single versus multiplex sample arrays
- Current and future throughput in samples per week
- Use in niche markets
- Diagnostics
- Drug discovery
- Therapeutics
- Research
- Screening assays versus whole genome aCGH
- Effect of next generation sequencing on microarray markets
- Impact of next generation sequencing on microarray markets for diagnostics
- Impact of next gen sequencing on microarray markets for drug discovery
- Resequencing
- RNA profiling
- Transcriptome sequencing for mRNA Expression
- Applications of next generation sequencing in basic research
- Mapping and sequencing of structural variation from human genomes
- Identifying protein-coding genes in genomic sequences
- Applications in clinically relevant areas
- Genetic disorders
- Cancer research
- Management of HIV/AIDS
- Customer requirements and unmet needs
- Concluding remarks on microarray markets
- Future of biochip technology for molecular diagnostics
- Impact of next generation sequencing on microarray markets in the future
- Effect on CNV market
- Effect on RNA profiling
- Screening samples
10. Companies
- Profiles of companies
- Collaborations
11. References
List of Tables
Table 1-1: Various terms used for biochips, microarrays and microfluidics
Table 1-2: Historical landmarks relevant to the development of biochip technology
Table 1-3: Applications of microarrays
Table 2-1: Companies developing whole genome chips/microarrays
Table 2-2: Microarray imaging systems
Table 2-3: Applications of biosensor biochips in healthcare
Table 2-4: Biochip/microarray-based technologies for cytogenetics
Table 2-5: Companies developing whole genome chips/microarrays
Table 2-6: ChIP detection platforms for sequencing
Table 3-1: Companies developing microfluidic technologies
Table 4-1: Applications of protein biochips/microarrays
Table 4-2: Applications of peptide microarrays
Table 4-3: Companies involved in peptide microarrays
Table 4-4: Selected companies involved in protein biochip/microarray technology
Table 5-1: Companies with nanoarray and nanofluidic technologies
Table 8-1: Applications of biochip technology relevant to personalized medicine
Table 8-2: Companies involved in biochips for molecular diagnostics
Table 9-1: Growth of markets for biochip/microarray technologies from 2020 to 2030
Table 9-2: Geographical distribution of biochip/microarray markets 2020-2030
Table 9-3: Global markets for sequencing services according to applications
Table 10-1: Collaborations
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: Relation of biochips/microarrays to other technologies and applications
Figure 2-1: Affymetrix GeneChip technology
Figure 2-2: Surface plasma resonance (SPR)
Figure 2-3: Basic principle of a biosensor
Figure 2-4: Principle of Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry
Figure 2-5: Construction of SOLiD fragment library using DNA enrichment by ChIP
Figure 4-1: ProteinChip System
Figure 5-1: Schematic representation of Dip Pen Nanolithography (DPN)
Figure 8-1: Role of biochip/microarray technology in personalized medicine
Figure 8-2: Role of CYP450 genotyping in development of personalized medicine
Figure 8-3: Application of biochips/microarrays in personalized medicine
Samples
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