The global market for Hybrid Aircraft was estimated at US$983.6 Million in 2023 and is projected to reach US$1.6 Billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 7.7% from 2023 to 2030. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of market trends, drivers, and forecasts, helping you make informed business decisions.
The significance of hybrid aircraft lies in their potential to significantly reduce the aviation industry's carbon footprint, which is a growing concern as global air travel demand increases. With the aviation sector accounting for about 2-3% of global CO2 emissions, hybrid aircraft represent a promising solution for making air travel more sustainable. By combining electric and traditional power sources, hybrid aircraft offer a path toward greener aviation without requiring a complete overhaul of current aircraft infrastructure. As the industry seeks to meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations and shift toward sustainable aviation, hybrid aircraft are emerging as a critical innovation in the future of flight.
The integration of advanced energy management systems has also been a major leap forward for hybrid aircraft. These systems intelligently manage the distribution of power between the electric motors and conventional jet engines, optimizing fuel efficiency throughout the flight. For example, during takeoff and climb - when more power is required - the hybrid system can combine both the jet engine and electric motor for maximum thrust. During cruising, where fuel efficiency is critical, the aircraft can switch primarily to electric power, reducing fuel consumption. This dynamic energy management reduces the overall fuel needed for a flight, cutting emissions and operating costs for airlines.
Hybrid-electric propulsion architectures have also evolved, giving aircraft manufacturers more flexibility in designing hybrid systems. There are different configurations for hybrid aircraft, including parallel hybrids and series hybrids. In a parallel hybrid, both the electric motor and the conventional engine can provide power simultaneously or independently, depending on the flight phase. In a series hybrid, the electric motor is the primary propulsion system, while the jet engine acts as a generator to recharge the batteries and provide additional power when necessary. These different architectures allow aircraft manufacturers to tailor hybrid systems to different types of aircraft, from regional planes to larger commercial jets, depending on their operational requirements.
Electric motors themselves have seen significant improvements in terms of power-to-weight ratio and efficiency. Modern electric motors are now capable of delivering higher levels of thrust while remaining lightweight, making them more suitable for use in aviation. These motors are quieter than traditional jet engines, which also helps reduce noise pollution around airports - a significant benefit for communities located near flight paths. The use of lightweight materials like carbon fiber composites in hybrid aircraft construction has also contributed to greater fuel efficiency, as these materials reduce the overall weight of the aircraft while maintaining structural integrity.
Another important technological advancement is the use of alternative fuels alongside hybrid-electric systems. Some hybrid aircraft are designed to use sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), which are derived from renewable sources like biofuels or synthetic fuels. These alternative fuels can be used in conventional jet engines to further reduce the carbon footprint of hybrid aircraft. When combined with electric propulsion, these aircraft can offer a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional fossil fuel-powered planes. The compatibility of hybrid systems with alternative fuels makes them a versatile and scalable solution for reducing aviation's environmental impact.
Hybrid aircraft have also benefited from advancements in aerodynamics and aircraft design. New aerodynamic designs, such as blended wing bodies and optimized wing shapes, reduce drag and improve fuel efficiency. These designs are particularly well-suited for hybrid aircraft, as they complement the electric propulsion systems by requiring less energy to maintain efficient flight. These aerodynamic innovations also enhance the range and speed of hybrid aircraft, making them more competitive with traditional planes in terms of performance.
The development of charging infrastructure for electric aircraft is another crucial advancement that supports the viability of hybrid aircraft. Airports are beginning to invest in electric charging stations and ground support equipment to accommodate hybrid and fully electric planes. While hybrid aircraft can still rely on conventional refueling infrastructure for their jet engines, the availability of charging stations for the electric propulsion systems is a key factor in enabling widespread adoption of hybrid aircraft.
The aviation industry is under increasing pressure to reduce its environmental impact as air travel demand grows. Governments and international regulatory bodies are introducing stricter emissions standards, and airlines are committing to ambitious carbon reduction goals. Hybrid aircraft provide an immediate and feasible solution for reducing emissions without requiring a complete shift to fully electric aircraft, which currently face limitations in range and battery capacity. By blending electric and conventional power sources, hybrid aircraft offer a pathway toward more sustainable aviation, allowing airlines to reduce their environmental impact while continuing to operate efficiently.
Hybrid aircraft also contribute to greater fuel efficiency, which is a major concern for airlines facing rising fuel costs. Fuel accounts for a significant portion of an airline's operating expenses, and even small improvements in fuel efficiency can lead to substantial cost savings. Hybrid aircraft, with their optimized use of electric propulsion during specific phases of flight, can reduce overall fuel consumption by 10% to 30% or more, depending on the aircraft design and route. This reduction in fuel use not only lowers operational costs but also enhances the competitiveness of hybrid aircraft compared to traditional planes, especially for regional and short-haul flights where fuel efficiency is most critical.
In addition to fuel savings, hybrid aircraft offer operational benefits such as reduced noise pollution. Electric motors are much quieter than traditional jet engines, making hybrid aircraft an attractive option for flights near urban areas and noise-sensitive airports. This could lead to expanded operating hours at airports with noise restrictions, improving flight schedules and reducing congestion. The quieter operation of hybrid aircraft also improves the passenger experience, contributing to a more comfortable and enjoyable flight.
Hybrid aircraft are essential for integrating sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) into the industry. While SAF can reduce emissions when used in traditional jet engines, its combination with electric propulsion in hybrid aircraft maximizes its environmental benefits. Hybrid systems allow for more efficient fuel use, enabling airlines to reduce their reliance on conventional fossil fuels. As the availability of SAF increases, hybrid aircraft will provide a flexible platform for airlines to adopt greener fuels without sacrificing performance or range, further supporting the transition to more sustainable aviation.
The importance of hybrid aircraft extends beyond the commercial airline industry. Regional aviation, short-haul flights, and even air taxis stand to benefit from hybrid-electric technology. For regional flights, which typically operate over shorter distances, hybrid aircraft can offer significant fuel savings while maintaining the necessary range and payload capacity. In the emerging air taxi market, hybrid propulsion systems could enable quieter, more efficient urban air mobility solutions, providing cleaner alternatives for short-distance travel within cities or between urban hubs. As the demand for sustainable, efficient, and scalable aviation solutions grows, hybrid aircraft will play a critical role in meeting these needs across different segments of the aviation market.
Hybrid aircraft are also vital for addressing the long-term sustainability challenges facing the aviation industry. As fully electric aircraft are still in the early stages of development and face limitations in battery technology, hybrid aircraft provide a bridge between today's fossil fuel-dependent planes and the fully electric or hydrogen-powered planes of the future. By adopting hybrid systems, the aviation industry can make significant strides toward reducing its environmental impact while continuing to invest in the research and development of more advanced, zero-emission aircraft technologies.
Rising fuel costs are another significant factor fueling demand for hybrid aircraft. The volatility of jet fuel prices poses a major challenge for airlines, which are constantly seeking ways to reduce fuel consumption and operating expenses. Hybrid aircraft, with their ability to improve fuel efficiency, offer a cost-effective solution for mitigating the financial impact of fuel price fluctuations. By reducing the amount of fuel needed for each flight, hybrid aircraft enable airlines to lower their overall fuel expenses and improve profitability, especially on shorter routes where fuel efficiency is more critical.
Advancements in electric propulsion technology, battery systems, and energy management are also contributing to the growth of the hybrid aircraft market. Improvements in battery energy density, lightweight materials, and electric motor efficiency have made hybrid-electric propulsion systems more feasible for use in aviation. These technological innovations have extended the range and payload capabilities of hybrid aircraft, making them more competitive with traditional planes. As battery technology continues to improve, the performance of hybrid aircraft will also increase, enabling longer flights and broader adoption across different types of aircraft.
Government support and regulatory incentives for sustainable aviation are further driving the hybrid aircraft market. Many governments are offering financial incentives, subsidies, and research grants to encourage the development and adoption of hybrid and electric aviation technologies. In addition, regulatory bodies such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the European Union are setting ambitious carbon reduction targets for the aviation industry, compelling airlines to invest in cleaner technologies. This regulatory support is accelerating the development of hybrid aircraft and encouraging airlines to integrate them into their fleets.
The expansion of regional and short-haul air travel is another key factor boosting demand for hybrid aircraft. As demand for regional air travel increases, particularly in developing markets, airlines are looking for more fuel-efficient and cost-effective aircraft to serve these routes. Hybrid aircraft, with their lower fuel consumption and reduced environmental impact, are well-suited for regional and short-haul flights, where the distances are shorter, and fuel efficiency is paramount. Additionally, the growing interest in urban air mobility and electric air taxis is creating new opportunities for hybrid-electric aircraft to serve as clean, quiet alternatives for short-distance travel within cities.
The aviation industry's commitment to innovation and sustainable growth is another driving force behind the hybrid aircraft market. Major aircraft manufacturers, such as Airbus, Boeing, and Embraer, as well as numerous startups, are investing heavily in the development of hybrid-electric aircraft technologies. These companies are working on a wide range of hybrid aircraft designs, from small regional planes to large commercial airliners, as part of their efforts to create more sustainable aviation solutions. As these technologies mature and become more commercially viable, the market for hybrid aircraft is expected to grow rapidly.
With advancements in electric propulsion systems, increasing pressure to reduce emissions, and growing demand for more fuel-efficient air travel, the hybrid aircraft market is poised for significant growth. As airlines, manufacturers, and governments prioritize sustainability, hybrid aircraft will play a crucial role in the future of aviation, offering a bridge to cleaner, more efficient air travel while paving the way for fully electric and zero-emission aircraft in the years to come.
Are Hybrid Aircraft the Future of Sustainable Aviation and Revolutionizing Air Travel?
Hybrid aircraft are poised to revolutionize the aviation industry, but why are they so critical for reducing carbon emissions, improving fuel efficiency, and transforming the future of air travel? Hybrid aircraft use a combination of conventional jet engines and electric propulsion systems to power flight. This hybrid approach allows for greater fuel efficiency and lower emissions compared to traditional aircraft that rely solely on jet fuel. By integrating electric power, hybrid aircraft can reduce fuel consumption during takeoff, landing, and other phases of flight, where the highest levels of fuel are typically burned.The significance of hybrid aircraft lies in their potential to significantly reduce the aviation industry's carbon footprint, which is a growing concern as global air travel demand increases. With the aviation sector accounting for about 2-3% of global CO2 emissions, hybrid aircraft represent a promising solution for making air travel more sustainable. By combining electric and traditional power sources, hybrid aircraft offer a path toward greener aviation without requiring a complete overhaul of current aircraft infrastructure. As the industry seeks to meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations and shift toward sustainable aviation, hybrid aircraft are emerging as a critical innovation in the future of flight.
How Has Technology Advanced Hybrid Aircraft for Greater Efficiency and Sustainability?
Technological advancements have significantly improved the design, performance, and feasibility of hybrid aircraft, making them more efficient and sustainable. One of the key developments in this area is the improvement of electric propulsion systems. Advances in battery technology, particularly in energy density and weight reduction, have made electric motors more viable for use in aviation. Modern batteries, such as lithium-ion and solid-state batteries, can store more energy while weighing less, which is crucial for powering electric engines on aircraft. These advancements have enabled hybrid aircraft to use electric propulsion during certain phases of flight, such as takeoff and landing, which are the most fuel-intensive moments.The integration of advanced energy management systems has also been a major leap forward for hybrid aircraft. These systems intelligently manage the distribution of power between the electric motors and conventional jet engines, optimizing fuel efficiency throughout the flight. For example, during takeoff and climb - when more power is required - the hybrid system can combine both the jet engine and electric motor for maximum thrust. During cruising, where fuel efficiency is critical, the aircraft can switch primarily to electric power, reducing fuel consumption. This dynamic energy management reduces the overall fuel needed for a flight, cutting emissions and operating costs for airlines.
Hybrid-electric propulsion architectures have also evolved, giving aircraft manufacturers more flexibility in designing hybrid systems. There are different configurations for hybrid aircraft, including parallel hybrids and series hybrids. In a parallel hybrid, both the electric motor and the conventional engine can provide power simultaneously or independently, depending on the flight phase. In a series hybrid, the electric motor is the primary propulsion system, while the jet engine acts as a generator to recharge the batteries and provide additional power when necessary. These different architectures allow aircraft manufacturers to tailor hybrid systems to different types of aircraft, from regional planes to larger commercial jets, depending on their operational requirements.
Electric motors themselves have seen significant improvements in terms of power-to-weight ratio and efficiency. Modern electric motors are now capable of delivering higher levels of thrust while remaining lightweight, making them more suitable for use in aviation. These motors are quieter than traditional jet engines, which also helps reduce noise pollution around airports - a significant benefit for communities located near flight paths. The use of lightweight materials like carbon fiber composites in hybrid aircraft construction has also contributed to greater fuel efficiency, as these materials reduce the overall weight of the aircraft while maintaining structural integrity.
Another important technological advancement is the use of alternative fuels alongside hybrid-electric systems. Some hybrid aircraft are designed to use sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), which are derived from renewable sources like biofuels or synthetic fuels. These alternative fuels can be used in conventional jet engines to further reduce the carbon footprint of hybrid aircraft. When combined with electric propulsion, these aircraft can offer a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional fossil fuel-powered planes. The compatibility of hybrid systems with alternative fuels makes them a versatile and scalable solution for reducing aviation's environmental impact.
Hybrid aircraft have also benefited from advancements in aerodynamics and aircraft design. New aerodynamic designs, such as blended wing bodies and optimized wing shapes, reduce drag and improve fuel efficiency. These designs are particularly well-suited for hybrid aircraft, as they complement the electric propulsion systems by requiring less energy to maintain efficient flight. These aerodynamic innovations also enhance the range and speed of hybrid aircraft, making them more competitive with traditional planes in terms of performance.
The development of charging infrastructure for electric aircraft is another crucial advancement that supports the viability of hybrid aircraft. Airports are beginning to invest in electric charging stations and ground support equipment to accommodate hybrid and fully electric planes. While hybrid aircraft can still rely on conventional refueling infrastructure for their jet engines, the availability of charging stations for the electric propulsion systems is a key factor in enabling widespread adoption of hybrid aircraft.
Why Are Hybrid Aircraft Critical for Reducing Emissions, Fuel Efficiency, and the Future of Sustainable Aviation?
Hybrid aircraft are critical for reducing emissions, improving fuel efficiency, and shaping the future of sustainable aviation because they offer a practical solution to lower the carbon footprint of air travel while maintaining the performance and operational flexibility needed in the aviation industry. One of the primary benefits of hybrid aircraft is their ability to significantly reduce fuel consumption, particularly during the most energy-intensive phases of flight, such as takeoff and landing. By using electric motors to supplement or replace conventional jet engines during these phases, hybrid aircraft can cut fuel use and, consequently, carbon dioxide emissions, which is essential for meeting the aviation industry's sustainability targets.The aviation industry is under increasing pressure to reduce its environmental impact as air travel demand grows. Governments and international regulatory bodies are introducing stricter emissions standards, and airlines are committing to ambitious carbon reduction goals. Hybrid aircraft provide an immediate and feasible solution for reducing emissions without requiring a complete shift to fully electric aircraft, which currently face limitations in range and battery capacity. By blending electric and conventional power sources, hybrid aircraft offer a pathway toward more sustainable aviation, allowing airlines to reduce their environmental impact while continuing to operate efficiently.
Hybrid aircraft also contribute to greater fuel efficiency, which is a major concern for airlines facing rising fuel costs. Fuel accounts for a significant portion of an airline's operating expenses, and even small improvements in fuel efficiency can lead to substantial cost savings. Hybrid aircraft, with their optimized use of electric propulsion during specific phases of flight, can reduce overall fuel consumption by 10% to 30% or more, depending on the aircraft design and route. This reduction in fuel use not only lowers operational costs but also enhances the competitiveness of hybrid aircraft compared to traditional planes, especially for regional and short-haul flights where fuel efficiency is most critical.
In addition to fuel savings, hybrid aircraft offer operational benefits such as reduced noise pollution. Electric motors are much quieter than traditional jet engines, making hybrid aircraft an attractive option for flights near urban areas and noise-sensitive airports. This could lead to expanded operating hours at airports with noise restrictions, improving flight schedules and reducing congestion. The quieter operation of hybrid aircraft also improves the passenger experience, contributing to a more comfortable and enjoyable flight.
Hybrid aircraft are essential for integrating sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) into the industry. While SAF can reduce emissions when used in traditional jet engines, its combination with electric propulsion in hybrid aircraft maximizes its environmental benefits. Hybrid systems allow for more efficient fuel use, enabling airlines to reduce their reliance on conventional fossil fuels. As the availability of SAF increases, hybrid aircraft will provide a flexible platform for airlines to adopt greener fuels without sacrificing performance or range, further supporting the transition to more sustainable aviation.
The importance of hybrid aircraft extends beyond the commercial airline industry. Regional aviation, short-haul flights, and even air taxis stand to benefit from hybrid-electric technology. For regional flights, which typically operate over shorter distances, hybrid aircraft can offer significant fuel savings while maintaining the necessary range and payload capacity. In the emerging air taxi market, hybrid propulsion systems could enable quieter, more efficient urban air mobility solutions, providing cleaner alternatives for short-distance travel within cities or between urban hubs. As the demand for sustainable, efficient, and scalable aviation solutions grows, hybrid aircraft will play a critical role in meeting these needs across different segments of the aviation market.
Hybrid aircraft are also vital for addressing the long-term sustainability challenges facing the aviation industry. As fully electric aircraft are still in the early stages of development and face limitations in battery technology, hybrid aircraft provide a bridge between today's fossil fuel-dependent planes and the fully electric or hydrogen-powered planes of the future. By adopting hybrid systems, the aviation industry can make significant strides toward reducing its environmental impact while continuing to invest in the research and development of more advanced, zero-emission aircraft technologies.
What Factors Are Driving the Growth of the Hybrid Aircraft Market?
Several factors are driving the rapid growth of the hybrid aircraft market, including the increasing demand for sustainable aviation solutions, rising fuel costs, and advancements in electric propulsion technology. One of the primary drivers is the global push for greener aviation. As climate change becomes a more pressing issue, governments, regulatory bodies, and consumers are demanding cleaner, more sustainable travel options. The aviation industry, facing growing pressure to reduce its carbon emissions, is turning to hybrid aircraft as a practical and immediate solution to lower its environmental impact. Airlines are increasingly adopting hybrid-electric technologies to meet emissions reduction targets and comply with new regulations aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions from aviation.Rising fuel costs are another significant factor fueling demand for hybrid aircraft. The volatility of jet fuel prices poses a major challenge for airlines, which are constantly seeking ways to reduce fuel consumption and operating expenses. Hybrid aircraft, with their ability to improve fuel efficiency, offer a cost-effective solution for mitigating the financial impact of fuel price fluctuations. By reducing the amount of fuel needed for each flight, hybrid aircraft enable airlines to lower their overall fuel expenses and improve profitability, especially on shorter routes where fuel efficiency is more critical.
Advancements in electric propulsion technology, battery systems, and energy management are also contributing to the growth of the hybrid aircraft market. Improvements in battery energy density, lightweight materials, and electric motor efficiency have made hybrid-electric propulsion systems more feasible for use in aviation. These technological innovations have extended the range and payload capabilities of hybrid aircraft, making them more competitive with traditional planes. As battery technology continues to improve, the performance of hybrid aircraft will also increase, enabling longer flights and broader adoption across different types of aircraft.
Government support and regulatory incentives for sustainable aviation are further driving the hybrid aircraft market. Many governments are offering financial incentives, subsidies, and research grants to encourage the development and adoption of hybrid and electric aviation technologies. In addition, regulatory bodies such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the European Union are setting ambitious carbon reduction targets for the aviation industry, compelling airlines to invest in cleaner technologies. This regulatory support is accelerating the development of hybrid aircraft and encouraging airlines to integrate them into their fleets.
The expansion of regional and short-haul air travel is another key factor boosting demand for hybrid aircraft. As demand for regional air travel increases, particularly in developing markets, airlines are looking for more fuel-efficient and cost-effective aircraft to serve these routes. Hybrid aircraft, with their lower fuel consumption and reduced environmental impact, are well-suited for regional and short-haul flights, where the distances are shorter, and fuel efficiency is paramount. Additionally, the growing interest in urban air mobility and electric air taxis is creating new opportunities for hybrid-electric aircraft to serve as clean, quiet alternatives for short-distance travel within cities.
The aviation industry's commitment to innovation and sustainable growth is another driving force behind the hybrid aircraft market. Major aircraft manufacturers, such as Airbus, Boeing, and Embraer, as well as numerous startups, are investing heavily in the development of hybrid-electric aircraft technologies. These companies are working on a wide range of hybrid aircraft designs, from small regional planes to large commercial airliners, as part of their efforts to create more sustainable aviation solutions. As these technologies mature and become more commercially viable, the market for hybrid aircraft is expected to grow rapidly.
With advancements in electric propulsion systems, increasing pressure to reduce emissions, and growing demand for more fuel-efficient air travel, the hybrid aircraft market is poised for significant growth. As airlines, manufacturers, and governments prioritize sustainability, hybrid aircraft will play a crucial role in the future of aviation, offering a bridge to cleaner, more efficient air travel while paving the way for fully electric and zero-emission aircraft in the years to come.
Key Insights:
- Market Growth: Understand the significant growth trajectory of the Manned Hybrid Aircrafts segment, which is expected to reach US$916.2 Million by 2030 with a CAGR of a 6.7%. The Unmanned Hybrid Aircrafts segment is also set to grow at 9.0% CAGR over the analysis period.
- Regional Analysis: Gain insights into the U.S. market, which was valued at $262.1 Million in 2023, and China, forecasted to grow at an impressive 7.2% CAGR to reach $258.4 Million by 2030. Discover growth trends in other key regions, including Japan, Canada, Germany, and the Asia-Pacific.
Why You Should Buy This Report:
- Detailed Market Analysis: Access a thorough analysis of the Global Hybrid Aircraft Market, covering all major geographic regions and market segments.
- Competitive Insights: Get an overview of the competitive landscape, including the market presence of major players across different geographies.
- Future Trends and Drivers: Understand the key trends and drivers shaping the future of the Global Hybrid Aircraft Market.
- Actionable Insights: Benefit from actionable insights that can help you identify new revenue opportunities and make strategic business decisions.
Key Questions Answered:
- How is the Global Hybrid Aircraft Market expected to evolve by 2030?
- What are the main drivers and restraints affecting the market?
- Which market segments will grow the most over the forecast period?
- How will market shares for different regions and segments change by 2030?
- Who are the leading players in the market, and what are their prospects?
Report Features:
- Comprehensive Market Data: Independent analysis of annual sales and market forecasts in US$ Million from 2023 to 2030.
- In-Depth Regional Analysis: Detailed insights into key markets, including the U.S., China, Japan, Canada, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East, and Africa.
- Company Profiles: Coverage of major players such as AIRBUS SAS, AUGUR-RosAeroSystems, Boeing Company, The, and more.
- Complimentary Updates: Receive free report updates for one year to keep you informed of the latest market developments.
Select Competitors (Total 43 Featured):
- AIRBUS SAS
- AUGUR-RosAeroSystems
- Boeing Company, The
- Hybrid Air Vehicles Limited
- ILC Dover
- Lockheed Martin Corporation
- Northrop Grumman Corporation
Table of Contents
I. METHODOLOGYII. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY2. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERSIII. MARKET ANALYSISIV. COMPETITION
1. MARKET OVERVIEW
3. MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS
4. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
UNITED STATES
CANADA
JAPAN
CHINA
EUROPE
FRANCE
GERMANY
ITALY
UNITED KINGDOM
REST OF EUROPE
ASIA-PACIFIC
REST OF WORLD
Companies Mentioned
- AIRBUS SAS
- AUGUR-RosAeroSystems
- Boeing Company, The
- Hybrid Air Vehicles Limited
- ILC Dover
- Lockheed Martin Corporation
- Northrop Grumman Corporation
Table Information
Report Attribute | Details |
---|---|
No. of Pages | 243 |
Published | November 2024 |
Forecast Period | 2023 - 2030 |
Estimated Market Value ( USD | $ 983.6 Million |
Forecasted Market Value ( USD | $ 1600 Million |
Compound Annual Growth Rate | 7.7% |
Regions Covered | Global |
No. of Companies Mentioned | 7 |