World Markets for HV and EHV Cables: Underground and Subsea Cable Market Report Ed 2 2021

Market Forecasts for EHV & HV Underground and Subsea in Km of Cable nd $ Value, 2021 to 2026

A comprehensive report on the current usage, consumption, future demand and supply of EHV and HV cable, both underground and subsea, throughout the world.

Current installations of underground and subsea cable - analysed by voltage and by km of cable.

Market forecasts for EHV & HV underground and subsea in km of cable and $ value, 2021 to 2026.

The report is based on two comprehensive surveys of cable length in km by voltage:

1. The land-based transmission and distribution networks of 162 countries. The objective is to position EHV
and HV cable within the entire network systems from EHV transmission to LV distribution in 2021, analysing each national grid by overhead lines, underground cables, and voltages. The data is derived from a survey of 186 utilities, together with secondary research of national sources.

2. Worldwide subsea cables - land-to-land interconnections, export and array cable for wind farms, power from-shore cables for oil & gas platforms, analysed by voltage. Based on secondary research of 373 current and proposed subsea power cable systems.

Analysis by five voltage groups:

EHV: ≥320 kV
EHV: 220<320 kV
HV: 33/35<220 kV
MV: 1<35 kV
LV: < 1000 V

The market for HV and EHV cable is changing, on both the supply and demand sides. Suppliers are developing new technology with higher voltage cables and thinner dielectric insulation. On the demand side, regulation is being enacted for the new generation of EHV transmission corridors, city networks and environmental hazards. User practices are changing. Maritime grids are being constructed, with large scale offshore substations and HVAC/HVDC converter stations linking multiple arrays of wind turbines. Platforms are moving further from shore, with longer EHV export cables; wind farms are becoming larger with more turbines of higher capacity, with longer array cables and HV instead of MV. These issues are identified and discussed.

Opportunities for HV land-based underground cable - underground amounts to 17.4% of total network mileage and 2.4% of the HV networks. Globally, transmission is in a phase of growth and modernisation involving large expenditures. Many national studies have outlined the pros and cons and made recommendations for EHV & HV underground and identified cases for full and partial undergrounding. The report lists these opportunities and relevant national policies which will shape future markets.

Opportunities for HV subsea cable - The current state of the three major subsea cable segments are outlined and future developments are flagged; land and island connections, offshore wind power, oil & gas power from shore and umbilicals. The report identifies the growth areas including trends from MV cable to HV.

The technologies of HV and EHV underground and subsea cables are outlined; high-pressure fluid-filled pipe (HPFF), high-pressure gas-filled pipe (HPGF), self-contained fluid-filled (SCFF)/mass impregnated MI, EPR and XLPE dielectric insulated cable. The differences of technology are outlined, with advantages and disadvantages for each type, with historical and present usage trends.

New HV technologies are being commercialised; Superconductors are already well established in medical robotics, and are starting to be installed in power transmission applications; GTW - Gas to Wire, is being promoted and the first project is about to take off, converting gas to electricity at the offshore platform site and transporting it to land grid via offshore wind export cables, using surplus capacity. Manufacturers are pushing the boundaries to develop thinner cables and higher voltages for EHV and HV dielectric cables.

Company profiles of key HV and EHV cable players:

Prysmian
General Cable (Prysmian)
Nexans
NKT High Voltage Cables
Cablel® Hellenic Cables
J-Power
Finolex J-Power Systems Private Ltd (FJPS)
Furakawa
LS Cable
Iljin Cable
Zhongtian Technology [ZTT]
Ningbao Orient Cable
Far East Cable Co Ltd
Wanda Group Holdings Co Ltd
Baosheng High Voltage Cable Co Ltd, BHVC
Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group
JDR
Tele-Fonika Kabel S.A
Southwire
Parker Scanrope
Leoni
Sumitomo
Fujikura
Hitachi Cable

Global market shares, European market shares, for land-based UGC and subsea HV and EHV cable:

Production of HV and EHV cable is a complex process taking quite a long time and demanding continuous monitoring. Several of the leading international manufacturers were unwilling to divulge production capacity. The publisher has assessed capacity on a regional basis, from company reports, from actual production and estimated utilisation.

Production of subsea cable is more complicated than for underground cable, requiring longer cable lengths and additional mechanical protection. Subsea cable is ordered as a customised product with longer lead times than underground cable.

Suppliers of subsea cable are outlined. Production capacity is still limited, but new entrants are coming into the market in regions where the subsea cable is starting a growth trend.

Rights of Way are critical in deciding between overhead lines and underground cables. Combined with EMF - electromagnetic fields - the issue may not always be clear cut and is subject to increasing regulation. Parts of UGC paths produce higher EMF than overhead aerial lines. These issues are discussed in the report.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Market development
The scale of global undergrounding
Subsea cable
Vendor profiles
Vendor shares
Production capacity for HV and EHV cable
The technology of HV cable
EPR
XLPE
Production constraints
Production differences between the submarine and underground cables
Advanced technology
Superconductors
GTW Gas to Wire

1. HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE SECTOR DEFINITIONS

Subsea cable
Underground cable
The definition of high voltage
Land-based electricity supply voltages
Offshore cables
High voltage direct current (HVDC)
High voltage alternating current (HVAC)
Definitions of voltage used in this report

2. THE HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE BASE

Subsea cable
Land-based underground cable (UGC)
Europe
Asia
Middle East
North America
Rest of the world

3. ANNUAL CONSUMPTION OF EHV AND HV UNDERGROUND AND SUBSEA CABLE

Consumption of EHV & HV cable in km
Voltage shares subsea and land based UGC
Regional analysis

4. LAND BASED UNDERGROUND CABLE BASE

HV/EHV land based underground cable applications
Partial undergrounding
The scale of global undergrounding
Regional penetration and line lengths and of EHV & HV and MV & LV underground cables
Distribution, MV & LV underground cable
Transmission, EHV & HV underground cable
Europe
Grid developments
Approval and local protest
The European transmission grids in 2020
EHV and HV Network
OHL
UGC
Legal requirements for undergrounding MV and LV distribution
Failure statistics for Overhead Lines and Underground Cables
Malta
Netherlands
Denmark
France
Germany
Italy
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Austria
Ireland
European Vendor shares
CIS
Middle East
Africa
Asia Pacific
China, India and Japan
China
Urbanisation and the Chinese housing market
India
Japan
Rest of Asia
Singapore
Korea
Taiwan
Hong Kong
Malaysia
Thailand
Vietnam
Pacific
Australia
North America
United States
EHV & HV transmission underground cable
MV & LV Distribution underground cable
Regulatory barriers to underground cable in the US
Regulatory reform
Canada
Mexico
Latin America

5. SUBSEA POWER CABLES - PROJECTS AND MARKETS

Subsea interconnections between land areas
Offshore wind power
Offshore oil and gas, power from shore cables
A brief history of subsea power cables
The North Sea Grid - HVDC Hubs- Grid Connection Systems
SUBSEA CABLE PROJECT MARKET

6. OFFSHORE WIND POWER CABLE

Offshore wind power market
Wind farm cable design
Amrumbank West, north-west of Heligoland
Alpha Ventus
Baltic 1 and 2
KEY COUNTRY MARKETS FOR OFFSHORE WIND
UK offshore wind power
China offshore wind power
German offshore wind power
Netherlands offshore wind power
Belgium offshore wind power
Indian offshore wind power
United States offshore wind power
Offshore wind projects
Floating foundations
Floating foundations manufacturers
Major offshore wind power market suppliers

7. OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS POWER CABLE

Traditional power supply for offshore oil and gas platforms
Norwegian initiative in power supply for oil and gas platforms
NKT (ABB)
Nexans
Prysmian
Renewable generators

8. OFFSHORE UMBILICALS

The difference between an offshore dry tree and a subsea wet tree
SURF (subsea umbilicals, risers and flowlines)
The subsea market
Pre-salt & Post-salt reserves

9. THE TYPES AND TECHNOLOGIES OF EHV AND HV CABLE

Overview of the Three Types of HVC
Overhead Lines (OHL)
Land Based HV Cable/Underground Cable
Subsea or Submarine Cables
Cable Technology
HPFF - High-Pressure, Fluid-Filled Pipe-Type (Paper Insulated)
HPGF - High-Pressure, Gas-Filled Pipe Type Cable (GIL)
SCFF - Self-Contained, Fluid-Filled Pipe -Type (Paper Insulated) and Mass Impregnated cables (MI)
MI Mass Impregnated cables
XLPE - Solid Cable, Cross-Linked Polyethylene Cable & EPR - (ethylene propylene rubber-insulated)
EPR
XLPE
Cross-linking
Production of MI and XLPE
Production differences between a submarine and underground cables
Pros and cons of Extruded dielectric versus pipe type cable systems
Extruded Dielectric Cable Systems
HPFF Pipe Type Cable Systems
Costs of XLPE versus HPFF systems

10. INSTALLATION OF UNDERGROUND HV & EHV LAND CABLES

Ancillary facilities
Joint Bays
Transition stations
Pressurising sources for HPFF systems
Right-of-Way construction in an urban zone
Right-of-Way construction in a rural zone
Trenching and blasting
Conduit Assembly for XLPE Construction
Transmission capacity

11. SUBMARINE POWER CABLES AND INSTALLATION

Submarine power cables
HVAC
HVDC
Cable installation
Future cable developments

12. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, SUPERCONDUCTORS

Zero resistance
Perfect conductor of electricity
Critical temperature
HTS vs LTS
Current state of development of the SC market
AMSC customers
The discovery of superconductivity - Technical development
Advantages of superconductor cable
Higher current-carrying capacity
Low impedance
Rights-of-way
Very low Electro Magnetic Field (EMF)
Lower life costs for the system
Challenges to be overcome
High initial cost
Cryogenic Refrigeration System (CRS)
Splicing of the HTS cable
Promoters
Future market for HTS superconductors in utilities

13. GAS TO WIRE

14. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES -ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN LAND BASED SYSTEMS

15. COMPANY PROFILES AND CABLE MARKET SHARES

Prysmian
General Cable (Prysmian)
Nexans
NKT High Voltage Cables
Cablel® Hellenic Cables
JDR
TF Kable
Southwire
Parker Scanrope
Leoni
Asian companies in the European market
Japanese manufacturers of HVC
Sumitomo
Fujikura
Hitachi Cable
J-Power Systems (JPS)
J-Power Systems Saudi Co, (JPS Saudi),
LS Cables
Iljin Cable
Finolex J-Power Systems Private Ltd (FJPS)
Chinese manufacturers of HVC
Zhongtian Technology [ZTT]
Ningbao Orient Cable
Far East Cable Co Ltd
Wanda Group Holdings Co., Ltd,
Baosheng High Voltage Cable Co. Ltd., BHVC
Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group
Production capacity for HV and EHV cable
Vendor shares
SUBSEA CABLE MANUFACTURERS
Vendor shares

16. GLOSSARY

METHODOLOGY

The existing electrical transmission infrastructure
Land based underground cable
Subsea cable
To estimate present and future demand for HV and EHV cable by cable type and voltage
To survey current production capacity with a competitive analysis of cable producers
To survey the development and current status of the technologies of HV cable and future developments
To assess market factors that will influence future directions

List of Figures
Figure 1: Global annual demand for EHV, HV and MV ≥ 35 kV cable for subsea and UGC landlines in km, 2021 to 2026
Figure 2: Voltage analysis and land cable
Figure 3: Global lengths of HV & EHV transmission and MV & LV distribution overhead lines and underground cables, circuit km, 2020
Figure 4: Global penetration of underground cable by voltage, 2020
Figure 5: Regional penetration of EHV & HV and MV & LV underground cables
Figure 6: Major countries with OHL and UGC, circuit km
Figure 7: Comparison between the capacity of an OHL and corresponding UGL
Figure 8: Proposed refitting of 400 kV towers
Figure 9: Inland VSC-HVDC power transmission corridors of Germany
Figure 10: DC interconnector between France and Spain,
Figure 11: The completed cable tunnel shows two ±320-kV DC cable circuits and grooved rails for robotic vehicle access
Figure 12: A robotic vehicle guided by grooved rails is used for all cable tunnel maintenance work
Figure 13: The 4. 2-metre tunnel boring machine
Figure 14: Length of OHL and UGC in European countries by km, 2020
Figure 15: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in European countries by km, 2020
Figure 16: Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in European countries by km, 2020
Figure 17: Length of OHL and UGC in CIS countries by km, 2020
Figure 18: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in CIS countries by km, 2020
Figure 19: Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in CIS countries by km, 2020
Figure 20: Length of OHL and UGC in Middle Eastern countries by km, 2018
Figure 21: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in Middle Eastern countries by km, 2018
Figure 22: Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in Middle Eastern countries by km, 2018
Figure 23: Length of OHL and UGC in African countries by km, 2020
Figure 24: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in African countries by km, 2020
Figure 25: Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in African countries by km, 2020
Figure 26: Length of OHL and UGC in China, India and Japan by km, 2020
Figure 27: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in China, India and Japan by km, 2018
Figure 28: Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in China, India and Japan by km, 2020
Figure 29: Chinese overhead line and underground cable shares, km, 2018
Figure 30: Ghost cities in China
Figure 31: Tepco underground tunnel for HV cable
Figure 32: Overhead distribution lines in urban Japan
Figure 33: Lattice towers in urban Japan
Figure 34: Length of OHL and UGC in Rest of Asia by km, 2020
Figure 35: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in Rest of Asia by km
Figure 36: Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in Rest of Asia by km, 2020
Figure 37: The electricity tunnels 60 to 80 metres in Singapore
Figure 38: Overhead distribution lines in Bangkok
Figure 39: A nest of OH lines in Ho Chi Minh City
Figure 40: Length of OHL and UGC in Pacific countries by km, 2020
Figure 41: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in Pacific countries by km, 2020
Figure 42: Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in Pacific by km, 2020
Figure 43: Length of OHL and UGC in North American countries by km, 2020
Figure 44: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in North American countries by km, 2020
Figure 45: Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in North American countries by km, 2020
Figure 46: Value chain of subsea interconnections
Figure 47: Cable system of a wind farm
Figure 49: HVDC subsea cables in the world in 2015
Figure 50: Belgium’s first zone for offshore wind power
Figure 51: Meshed connections to the North Sea Grid
Figure 52: Annual subsea demand cable km by segment, 2021 to 2026
Figure 53: Anchored and floating foundations
Figure 54: An offshore oil and gas platform with a power generator
Figure 55: A subsea SURF scape
Figure 56: Composition of a subsea umbilical
Figure 57: Cross-section of a subsea umbilical - Prysmian
Figure 58: Cross-section of a subsea umbilical - Aker
Figure 59: Developments in umbilicals
Figure 60: SURF use of cables
Figure 61: Subsea tree awards
Figure 62: An ACSR cable and its application
Figure 63: HPFF or HPGF Pipe-Type Cross Section
Figure 64: GIL cable cross-section
Figure 65: GIL cable installation
Figure 66: Comparative ratings of paper insulated HPFF and single-core self-contained fluid-filled cables (SCFF)
Figure 67: 600 kV HVDC mass impregnated submarine able
Figure 68: XLPE AC cable construction
Figure 69: XLPE cables at different voltages
Figure 70: Vault construction in an urban location for a 345 kV XLPE cable
Figure 71: Transition station for 400 kV overhead lines
Figure 72: A single AC 400 kV system carrying 1,250 MVA
Figure 73: Two double AC 400 kV circuits carrying 5,000 MVA in total
Figure 74: Examples of trench construction, urban and rural
Figure 75: Examples of XLPE conduit assembly
Figure 76: Submarine power cable composition
Figure 77: Cable size
Figure 78: Cable laying vessels
Figure 79: Cable Laying - 1
Figure 80: Cable Laying - 2
Figure 81: Cable laying - 3
Figure 82: Cable burial
Figure 83: Landing a submarine cable
Figure 84: The differences in behaviour between LTS and HTS materials
Figure 85: Superconductor cable
Figure 86: GTW development Options
Figure 87: The overall concept of GTW
Figure 88: Comparison of OHL and UGC

List of Tables
Table 1: Voltage groups in IEC and ANSI
Table 2: Voltage groups used in this report
Table 3: Cumulative installed bases of underground and subsea cable, circuit km, 2020
Table 4: Cumulative installed bases of the land based underground cable by region and voltage, circuit km, 2020
Table 5: Global annual demand for EHV and HV and MV ≥ 35 kV cable length in km, 2021 to 2026
Table 6: Annual demand for EHV and HV and MV ≥ 35kV cable length in km by country, 2021 to 2026
Table 7: Annual demand for EHV and HV and MV ≥ 35 kV cable in km by voltage, 2021 to 2026
Table 8: Sales at manufacturer’s cost of EHV and EHV cable, 2019 to 2025
Table 9: Voltage shares subsea and land based UGC, 2021 to 2026
Table 10: Regional analysis of installed bases of EHV and HV cable, subsea and UGC and consumption
Table 11: Global lengths of overhead transmission and distribution lines and underground cables and global shares by region, 2020
Table 12: Length of HV, MV & LV OHL and UGC underground cable in European countries by km, 2020
Table 13: Underground cable by voltage and line length in km, Europe by country, 2020
Table 14: Vendor shares for HV and EHV cable in Europe
Table 15: Length of HV, MV & LV OHL and UGC underground cable in CIS countries by km, 2020
Table 16: Underground cable by voltage and line length in km, CIS by country, 2020
Table 17: Length of HV, MV & LV OHL and UGC underground cable in Middle Eastern countries by km, 2018
Table 18: Underground cable by voltage and line length in km, Middle East by country, 2018
Table 19: Length of HV, MV & LV OHL and UGC underground cable in African countries by km, 2020
Table 20: Underground cable by voltage and line length in km, Africa by country, 2020
Table 21: Cost comparisons in India between overhead, underground and aerial bunched cables
Table 22: Length of HV, MV & LV OHL and UGC underground cable in All Asia by km, 2020
Table 23: Underground cable by voltage and line length in km, All Asia by country, 2020
Table 24: Length of HV, MV & LV OHL and UGC underground cable in Pacific countries by km, 2020
Table 25: Underground cable by voltage and line length in km, Pacific by country, 2020
Table 26: Length of HV, MV & LV OHL and UGC underground cable in North American countries by km, 2020
Table 27: Underground cable by voltage and line length in km, North America by country, 2020
Table 28: Length of OHL and UGC in LAC countries by km, 2018
Table 29: Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in LAC countries by km, 2018
Table 30: Subsea installations, Land-to-land interconnections and Power from shore, completed worldwide
Table 31: List of countries by cumulative installed offshore wind power capacity (MW), 2016-2020
Table 32: The largest proposed wind farms currently listed (August 2019)
Table 33: Cost summary of XLPE versus HPFF installation
Table 34: Installed superconductors
Table 35: Superconductor manufacturers
Table 36: Some AMSC customers
Table 37: Manufacturers of subsea power cable and communications cable
Table 38: Global vendor shares, land-based UGC and Subsea power cable

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Executive Summary

CHAPTER 1 - HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE SECTOR DEFINITIONS

Definition of ‘High Voltage‘ and ‘Extra High Voltage’ and end-use categories, types of cable and voltage, HVAC and HVDC.

CHAPTER 2 - HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE BASE

Cumulative installed bases of underground and subsea cable, cumulative installed bases of the land based underground cable by region and voltage, with regional summary analysis.

CHAPTER 3 - ANNUAL CONSUMPTION OF EHV AND HV UNDERGROUND AND SUBSEA CABLE

Consumption in km of cable and value 2021 to 2026 by following categories:

1. Interconnections EHV EHV > 220 kV
2. Interconnections HV 35 - 220 kV
3. Export cables EHV/HV > 220 kV
4. Array cables HV/MV < 35-220 kV
5. Offshore OGP HV MV < 35-220 kV
6. Subsea
7. Land UGC EHV > 220 kV
8. Land UGC HV 35 - 220 kV
9. Total UGC

CHAPTER 4 - LAND BASED UNDERGROUND CABLE BASE

The scale of global undergrounding, partial undergrounding, transmission and distribution undergrounding. Regional and national analysis by regions; each regional section contains the following figures and tables; 68 pages of detailed information and analysis.

1. Length of OHL and UGC in Middle Eastern countries by km, 2020
2. Length of HV, MV & LV underground cable in Middle Eastern countries by km, 2020
3. Penetration of HV, MV & LV underground cable in Middle Eastern countries by km, 2020
4. Length of HV, MV & LV OHL and UGC underground cable in Middle Eastern countries by km, 2020
5. Underground cable by voltage and line length in km, Middle East by country, 2020
Regions covered: Europe, CIS, Asia, Pacific, Middle East, Africa, North America, South and Central America.
162 countries are included in the tables and the major countries are profiled.

CHAPTER 5 - SUBSEA POWER CABLES - PROJECTS AND MARKETS

The subsea energy markets consist of connections between landmasses, wind power and oil & gas exploration and production. These markets require three categories of cable; subsea cable - export and transmission cable EHV, and HV - array cable HV and MV; umbilical cable - MV, trending to HV; topside cable - MV and LV. Current subsea cable installations. Tables of existing and future land-to-land interconnections, wind farms, power-from-shore cables, with subsea and underground cable lengths by km and voltage.

CHAPTER 6 - OFFSHORE WIND POWER CABLE

Assessment of the wind power sector and future developments with country analysis, and usage of cable.

CHAPTER 7 - THE OFFSHORE OIL & GAS POWER CABLE

Assessment of developments and usage of cable and cable types and technology.

CHAPTER 8 OFFSHORE UMBILICALS

Outline of umbilicals and technology.

CHAPTER 9 - THE TYPES AND TECHNOLOGIES OF EHV AND HV CABLE

High Voltage cables (HVC) are used in three different configurations; overhead (uninsulated) conductors or lines (OHL), underground (insulated) cables (UGC), and subsea (insulated) cables. Each type can be AC or DC. This chapter outlines the technology of each category, for land-based UGC and subsea cable. Four basic categories of cable; high-pressure, fluid-filled pipe (HPFF), high-pressure, gas-filled pipe (HPGF), self-contained fluid-filled (SCFF), solid cable, cross-linked polyethene (XLPE) - outlines, diagrams, strengths and applications of each technology - MI, XLPE, EPR.

CHAPTER 10 - INSTALLATION OF UNDERGROUND HV & EHV LAND CABLES

Methods and applications for each type of installation of UGC.

CHAPTER 11 - SUBMARINE POWER CABLES AND INSTALLATION

Methods and applications for the subsea power cable.

CHAPTER 12 - ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, SUPERCONDUCTORS

The development of LTS and HTS SC technology, current status and market.

CHAPTER 13 - GAS TO WIRE

Brief resume of this new technology for using spare transmission capacity.

CHAPTER 14 - ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN LAND BASED SYSTEMS

Environmental issues which impinge on transmission, with implications for rights of way.

CHAPTER 15 - COMPANY PROFILES AND CABLE MARKET SHARES

Company profiles and assessment of production capacity; Prysmian, Nexans, NKT High Voltage Cables, Cablel® Hellenic Cables, Southwire, Parker Scanrope, Leoni, Sumitomo, Fujikura, Hitachi Cable, J-Power Systems (JPS), LS Cable & System, Iljin Cable, Finolex J-Power Systems Private Ltd (FJPS), Ningbao Orient Cable, Far East Cable Co Ltd, Wanda Group Holdings Co Ltd, Baosheng High Voltage Cable Co Ltd BHVC, Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group.

Companies Mentioned (Partial List)

A selection of companies mentioned in this report includes, but is not limited to:

Baosheng High Voltage Cable Co Ltd, BHVC
Cablel® Hellenic Cables
Far East Cable Co Ltd
Finolex J-Power Systems Private Ltd (FJPS)
Fujikura
Furakawa
General Cable (Prysmian)
Hitachi Cable
Iljin Cable
J-Power Systems (JPS)
J-Power Systems Saudi Co, (JPS Saudi)
JDR
Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group
Leoni
LS Cable
Nexans
Ningbao Orient Cable
NKT High Voltage Cables
Parker Scanrope
Prysmian
Southwire
Sumitomo
Tele-Fonika Kabel S.A
TF Kable
Wanda Group Holdings Co Ltd
Zhongtian Technology [ZTT]

Methodology