This reference work provides comprehensive information about diabetic nephropathy. Chapters in the book introduce the reader to the link between diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and delve into many topics relevant to treating kidney disease in diabetic patients.
These topics include CKD epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment considerations for the elderly patient, post-transplant diabetes, pathophysiology, biomarkers and much more. Special topics such as the incidence of cardiovascular disease in diabetic CKD, nutrition for obese CKD patients and the clinical use of biomarkers for evaluating cases are also included.
The broad spectrum coverage of informative topics about diabetic kidney disease makes this an essential reference for medical students and clinical residents/healthcare professionals in nephrology, endocrinology, geriatrics, internal medicine, and general surgery. Researchers interested in the clinical biochemistry of diabetes and associated disorders will also benefit from the information presented.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Obesity, Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights Into an Evolving Epidemic
- Epidemiology
- Limitations of EPI-CKD Equation
- Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Lifestyle Modifications
- Glucose Lowering Agents
- New Drug Therapies
- Next Steps in DKD
- Obesity and CKD
- Obesity As an Independent Risk Factor
- Pathophysiological Implications
- Impact on Young Adults
- Managing CKD in Obese Individuals With Hypertension
- Worldwide CKD and ESRD
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease: Ethnic and Gender Disparities and Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment
- Introduction
- Definition and Etiology of CKD
- Ethnic and Gender Disparities in CKD
- CKD and Diabetes From A Public Health Perspective
- Treatment of CKD in Diabetic Patients
- Blood Pressure
- Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (ESA)
- Acidosis
- Cardiac Assessment
- Timing
- Iron
- Vitamin D: CKD-Mineral Bone Disease (CKD-MBD):
- Eat (Diet)
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- Dimple Shah, Nerraj Hotchandani and Subodh J Saggi
- Barbara G. Delano
- References
Chapter 3 Chronic Kidney Disease in the Elderly: Special Considerations and Therapeutic Strategies
- Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease With and Without Diabetes
- In the Elderly
- Estimating Kidney Function in the Elderly
- Risk Factors for CKD in the Elderly
- Renal Replacement Therapy in the Elderly Inclduing Medical
- Therapy
- Timing To Start RRT
- Should We Start RRT in the Very Elderly Non-Selectively?
- Home Based Therapies As A Suitable Option
- Peritoneal Dialysis (Pd)
- Kidney Transplantation
- Special Problems With CKD in the Elderly Including Rrt Otions
- Limited Evidence Based Information in the Very Elderly
- Conservative Therapy
- Depression
- Cognitive Decline
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 4 Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus: Evaluation and Management
- Introduction
- The Evolving Definition of Post-Transplant Diabetes After Renal Transplant
- The Current Definition of Post-Transplantation Diabetes After Renal Transplant
- Diagnostic Criteria of Ptdm
- Incidence
- The Pathophysiological Mechanism of Ptdm
- Risk Factors of Ptdm
- Immunosuppressive Therapy
- Genetics
- Other Risk Factors
- Pre-Transplant Screening and Improving Ptdm Risk
- Post-Transplant Screening
- Complications and Comorbidities
- Survival
- Cardiovascular
- Allograft Survival
- Other Complications
- Management
- Recent Findings on Ptdm
- Currently Active Research Studies on Ptdm
- Questions That Remain
- Mary Mallappallil, Muneer Mohamed and Eli A. Friedman
- Anna Y. Groysman1, Dale Railwah, Daniel Abraham, Moro. O. Salifu and Samy I. Mcfarlane
- The Cost of Ptdm
- Quality Improvement Measures
- Summary
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 5 Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation and Therapeutic Implications
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Pathophysiology of Accelerated Cad in Patients With CKD
- Assessment for CVD in CKD Patients
- Treatment Strategies and Prevention
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 6 Pathogenesis of Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Introduction
- Pathogenesis of Kidney Disease
- Metabolic Pathways
- Accumulation of Advanced Glycation End Products
- Transforming Growth Factor-ß (Tgfß)
- Therapeutic Targets of Age
- Protein Kinase C (PKC)
- Reactive Oxygen Species (Ros)
- Therapeutic Targets of Ros
- Hemodynamic Pathways
- Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)
- Therapeutic Targets of Raas
- Nuclear Mineralocorticoid Receptor (NMR) Antagonist
- Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors
- Other Hemodynamic Vasoconstrictors
- Endothelin Receptor Antagonist (ETA)
- Thromboxane A2 Receptor (Txa2R) Antagonist
- Hemodynamic Vasodilators
- Neprilysin Inhibitors (Nepi)
- Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Inhibitors
- Interaction Between Metabolic and Hemodynamic Pathways
- Multifactorial Therapeutic Targets of Metabolic and Hemodynamic Pathway
- Inflammatory Pathways
- Chemokines
- Adhesion Molecules
- Cytokines and Their Receptors
- Supreeya Swarup, David Bass, Roman Zeltser, Navneet Sharma and Amgad N. Makaryus
- Navneet Sharma, Justin Lee and Isabel M. Mcfarlane
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Author
- Moro O. Salifu
- Samy I. McFarlane
