+353-1-416-8900REST OF WORLD
+44-20-3973-8888REST OF WORLD
1-917-300-0470EAST COAST U.S
1-800-526-8630U.S. (TOLL FREE)
New

Plastic Recycling - Global Strategic Business Report

  • PDF Icon

    Report

  • 558 Pages
  • February 2025
  • Region: Global
  • Global Industry Analysts, Inc
  • ID: 5028078
The global market for Plastic Recycling was valued at US$56.3 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach US$86.7 Billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 7.5% from 2024 to 2030. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of market trends, drivers, and forecasts, helping you make informed business decisions.

Global Plastic Recycling Market - Key Drivers and Trends Summarized

Plastic recycling is a critical component of the global effort to reduce plastic waste and mitigate environmental impact. This process involves collecting, sorting, and reprocessing used plastic materials into new products, thereby conserving resources and reducing landfill waste. Plastic recycling encompasses various methods, including mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and energy recovery. Mechanical recycling involves physically processing plastics into new forms, while chemical recycling breaks down plastics into their chemical components for reuse. Energy recovery converts plastic waste into energy through combustion. These methods contribute to a circular economy by extending the life cycle of plastic materials and reducing the need for virgin plastic production.

Technological advancements have significantly improved the efficiency and effectiveness of plastic recycling. Innovations in sorting and processing technologies, such as advanced optical sorting, automated separation, and chemical depolymerization, have enhanced the quality and yield of recycled plastics. The development of biodegradable and bio-based plastics is also addressing the limitations of traditional plastic recycling, offering more sustainable alternatives. Additionally, the integration of digital technologies, such as blockchain and IoT, is improving traceability and transparency in the recycling supply chain. These advancements are not only increasing the recycling rate but also ensuring the production of high-quality recycled plastics suitable for various applications, from packaging to automotive parts.

The growth in the plastic recycling market is driven by several factors. The increasing awareness of environmental issues and the need to reduce plastic pollution are major drivers, encouraging both consumers and industries to adopt recycling practices. Regulatory mandates and government initiatives promoting recycling and the use of recycled materials are also boosting market growth. Technological advancements in recycling processes and the development of advanced recycling technologies are enhancing the efficiency and quality of plastic recycling, driving adoption. The growing demand for sustainable packaging solutions in various industries, including food and beverage, personal care, and consumer goods, is further propelling market growth. Additionally, the rise of the circular economy concept and the increasing focus on resource conservation are encouraging the use of recycled plastics. The expansion of the recycling infrastructure and the increasing investment in recycling facilities are also contributing to market growth. Finally, the collaboration between stakeholders, including governments, industries, and environmental organizations, is fostering innovation and promoting the adoption of plastic recycling, creating new opportunities in the market.

Scope of the Study

The report analyzes the Plastic Recycling market, presented in terms of market value (US$ Thousand). The analysis covers the key segments and geographic regions outlined below.

Segments:

Material (PET, HDPE, LDPE, PVC, PP, PS, Other Materials); Application (Packaging, Automotive, Construction, Textile, Other Applications).

Geographic Regions/Countries:

World; USA; Canada; Japan; China; Europe; France; Germany; Italy; UK; Spain; Russia; Rest of Europe; Asia-Pacific; Australia; India; South Korea; Rest of Asia-Pacific; Latin America; Argentina; Brazil; Mexico; Rest of Latin America; Middle East; Iran; Israel; Saudi Arabia; UAE; Rest of Middle East; Africa.

Key Insights:

  • Market Growth: Understand the significant growth trajectory of the PET Recycling segment, which is expected to reach US$23.8 Billion by 2030 with a CAGR of a 7.9%. The HDPE Recycling segment is also set to grow at 7.1% CAGR over the analysis period.
  • Regional Analysis: Gain insights into the U.S. market, valued at $5.0 Billion in 2024, and China, forecasted to grow at an impressive 8.2% CAGR to reach $33.9 Billion by 2030. Discover growth trends in other key regions, including Japan, Canada, Germany, and the Asia-Pacific.

Report Features:

  • Comprehensive Market Data: Independent analysis of annual sales and market forecasts in US$ Million from 2024 to 2030.
  • In-Depth Regional Analysis: Detailed insights into key markets, including the U.S., China, Japan, Canada, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East, and Africa.
  • Company Profiles: Coverage of major players such as Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., B & B Plastics Recycling, Inc., B. Schoenberg & Co., Inc., Custom Polymers, Inc., Envision Plastics and more.
  • Complimentary Updates: Receive free report updates for one year to keep you informed of the latest market developments.

Why You Should Buy This Report:

  • Detailed Market Analysis: Access a thorough analysis of the Global Plastic Recycling Market, covering all major geographic regions and market segments.
  • Competitive Insights: Get an overview of the competitive landscape, including the market presence of major players across different geographies.
  • Future Trends and Drivers: Understand the key trends and drivers shaping the future of the Global Plastic Recycling Market.
  • Actionable Insights: Benefit from actionable insights that can help you identify new revenue opportunities and make strategic business decisions.

Key Questions Answered:

  • How is the Global Plastic Recycling Market expected to evolve by 2030?
  • What are the main drivers and restraints affecting the market?
  • Which market segments will grow the most over the forecast period?
  • How will market shares for different regions and segments change by 2030?
  • Who are the leading players in the market, and what are their prospects?

Some of the 130 major companies featured in this Plastic Recycling market report include:

  • Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc.
  • B & B Plastics Recycling, Inc.
  • B. Schoenberg & Co., Inc.
  • Custom Polymers, Inc.
  • Envision Plastics
  • Green-O-Tech India
  • Jayplas
  • Kuusakoski Oy
  • KW Plastics
  • MBA Polymers, Inc.
  • NAM Polymers Inc.
  • Norwich Plastics
  • PARC Corporation
  • Plastic Recycling Inc.
  • Plastipak Holdings, Inc.
  • Seraphim Plastics LLC
  • Ultra Poly Corporation
  • Veolia Environnement S.A.

Table of Contents

I. METHODOLOGYMII. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. MARKET OVERVIEW
  • Global Economic Update
  • Competition
  • Plastic Recycling - Global Key Competitors Percentage Market Share in 2024 (E)
  • Competitive Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial for Players Worldwide in 2024 (E)
  • An Introduction to Plastic Recycling
  • Plastic Recycling Methods
  • Plastic Recycling by Type
  • Recycling of Post-consumer Plastic
  • Plastic Recycling: A Priority Scheme for Governments, Researchers & Startups
  • Global Market Prospects & Outlook
  • Innovation Feast with Immense Potential to Pilot the Future of Plastic Recycling
  • Concerns and Awareness on Pollution Levels Fuel Growth for Plastic Recycling Market
  • Asia-Pacific Rules Global Market
  • PET: The Major Category in Plastics Recycling Market
  • Packaging Emerges as a High Growth End-Use Segment
  • Despite Challenges Presented by COVID-19, Plastic Recycling to be Back in Business
  • Market Restraints
  • Recent Market Activity
  • WORLD BRANDS
2. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS
3. MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS
  • Growing Concerns for Minimizing Green House Emissions Fuel Demand for Plastic Recycling Technologies
  • Plastic Recycling: Big Dreams with Potential, Mammoth Role of Microbes
  • The Future Hinges on Molecular Recycling Techniques
  • Increase in Plastic Production Volumes Contribute to Plastic Waste, Drives Need for Recycling
  • Global Plastics Production in Million Tons for the Years 1950 through 2024E
  • Global Plastics Production by Region/Country (in %): 2024E
  • Global Plastics Usage by Sector (in %): 2024E
  • Expanding World Population & Increase in Economic and Industrial Activity Necessitates Plastic Waste: World Population (in Thousands) by Geographic Region for the Years 2018, 2025, 2040, 2050
  • Key Important Facts about Plastic Production and Consumption Globally
  • Rising Concerns over Environmental Implications of Plastics Waste Disposal Turns Focus onto Plastics Recycling
  • Top Plastic Polluting Countries by Plastic Waste Production (in Million Tons): 2023E
  • Global Percentage Breakdown of Plastic Waste Generation by End-Use Sector: 2023E
  • OECD Recommendations for Reducing Plastic Pollution
  • Increasing Impetus on Curtailing Pollution Levels Propel Demand for Recycled Plastic Waste
  • Will the Plastic Economy Not Let Recycling Succeed?
  • Growing Awareness about Energy Savings and Energy Recovery Attributes to Support Plastics Recycling Efforts
  • Government Regulations & Efforts to Promote Use of Recycled Plastic Products Drives Market Growth
  • Global Share of Countries with Regulations Restricting the Usage of Single-Use Items: 2024E
  • Share of Single-Use Plastic Items Banned by Regulations: 2024E
  • MultiCycle Pilot Project in EU for Recycling Hard-to-Recycle, Multi-Material Plastics
  • As Packaging Industry Becomes the Largest Producer of Plastic Waste, Recycling Becomes an Inevitable Option
  • Recycled Plastic: Ambitious Efforts
  • Global Packaging Market Reset & Trajectory - Growth Outlook (In %) For Years 2019 Through 2025
  • Recycled Packaging Market by Material (in %): 2024(E)
  • Growing Sales of Packaged Foods & Beverages Contribute to Rise in Plastic Waste, Driving Need for Recycling: Global Packaged Food Sales in US$ Trillion: 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021 & 2023E
  • Global Packaged Beverages Market by Material Type: Percentage Share Breakdown by Beverage Volume (2024E)
  • Automotive Industry: A Major Market for Recycled Plastics
  • Global Automotive Market Reset & Trajectory - Growth Outlook (In %) For Years 2019 Through 2025
  • World Automobile Production in Million Units for 2008-2023
  • Post-COVID-19, Long-term Outlook for Plastic Recycling in Construction Industry Remains Promising
  • Global Construction Reset & Trajectory - Growth Outlook (In %) For Years 2019 Through 2025
  • Global Construction Spending (In US$ Trillion) for 2019-2023
  • Recycled Plastics Continue to Hold Significance for the Textile Industry
  • Environmental Concerns and Awareness for Sustainable Practices Push for Technological Evolution in Recycling
  • Advent of Innovative Systems Streamline Plastics Recycling Process
  • Ongoing Technological Advancements in Plastic Recycling Market: A Brief Overview
  • Streamlining Recycling using IoT
  • Innovative Processes being Used by a Few Companies for Recycling and Returning Hard-to-Recycle Polypropylene to its Original Use Cases
  • Advanced Recycling Technologies
  • Challenges Facing Plastic Recycling Market
  • Major Challenges in Controlling and Working with Recycled Plastic Material
  • Plastic Recycling Market Faces Stiff Challenge as Manufacturers Incline Towards Virgin Plastics
  • Oil Prices Impact Plastic Recycling Market
  • Global Average Annual Brent Crude Oil Price (In US$ Per Barrel) for Years 2017 through 2023
  • Complications of Recycling Plastic: A Brief Review
  • Difficulties in Raw Material Collection Affects Plastics Recycling Market
  • Select Regulations Governing Plastic Recycling
4. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
  • TABLE 1: World Plastic Recycling Market Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2030
  • TABLE 2: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastic Recycling by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 3: World Historic Review for Plastic Recycling by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 4: World 15-Year Perspective for Plastic Recycling by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 5: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for PET by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 6: World Historic Review for PET by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 7: World 15-Year Perspective for PET by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 8: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for HDPE by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 9: World Historic Review for HDPE by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 10: World 15-Year Perspective for HDPE by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 11: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for LDPE by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 12: World Historic Review for LDPE by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 13: World 15-Year Perspective for LDPE by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 14: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for PVC by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 15: World Historic Review for PVC by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 16: World 15-Year Perspective for PVC by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 17: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for PP by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 18: World Historic Review for PP by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 19: World 15-Year Perspective for PP by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 20: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for PS by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 21: World Historic Review for PS by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 22: World 15-Year Perspective for PS by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 23: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Other Materials by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 24: World Historic Review for Other Materials by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 25: World 15-Year Perspective for Other Materials by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 26: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Packaging by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 27: World Historic Review for Packaging by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 28: World 15-Year Perspective for Packaging by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 29: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Automotive by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 30: World Historic Review for Automotive by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 31: World 15-Year Perspective for Automotive by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 32: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Construction by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 33: World Historic Review for Construction by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 34: World 15-Year Perspective for Construction by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 35: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Electrical & Electronics by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 36: World Historic Review for Electrical & Electronics by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 37: World 15-Year Perspective for Electrical & Electronics by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
  • TABLE 38: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Other Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 39: World Historic Review for Other Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Revenues in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2023 and % CAGR
  • TABLE 40: World 15-Year Perspective for Other Applications by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Revenues for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2015, 2025 & 2030
III. MARKET ANALYSIS
UNITED STATES
  • Plastic Recycling Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in the United States for 2025 (E)
  • COVID-19 Pandemic Adversely Impacts Plastics Recycling Initiatives in the US
  • Increasing Focus on Employing Sustainable Technologies Fuel Growth in Plastic Recycling Market
  • Plastic Recycling Remains a Small Market: Breakdown of Plastic Waste in the US Municipal Waste Disposal by Method (in %): 2023E
  • Waste Recycled by Americans: % of Waste Recycled by Material in the US for 2022E
  • China’s Ban on Import of Plastic Waste Severely Impacts US Plastics Industry
CANADA
  • Plastic Recycling Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Canada for 2023 (E)
  • Increasing Plastic Waste in Canada Polluting the Nation’s Fresh Water Sources
JAPAN
  • Plastic Recycling Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Japan for 2025 (E)
CHINA
  • Plastic Recycling Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in China for 2025 (E)
  • Market Overview
EUROPE
  • Plastic Recycling Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Europe for 2025 (E)
FRANCEGERMANYITALYUNITED KINGDOMSPAINRUSSIAREST OF EUROPE
ASIA-PACIFIC
  • Plastic Recycling Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Asia-Pacific for 2025 (E)
AUSTRALIA
INDIA
  • India Poised to Benefit from High Plastic Recycling Rates
SOUTH KOREAREST OF ASIA-PACIFICLATIN AMERICAARGENTINABRAZILMEXICOREST OF LATIN AMERICAMIDDLE EASTIRANISRAELSAUDI ARABIAUNITED ARAB EMIRATESREST OF MIDDLE EASTAFRICAIV. COMPETITION

Companies Mentioned

  • Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc.
  • B & B Plastics Recycling, Inc.
  • B. Schoenberg & Co., Inc.
  • Custom Polymers, Inc.
  • Envision Plastics
  • Green-O-Tech India
  • Jayplas
  • Kuusakoski Oy
  • KW Plastics
  • MBA Polymers, Inc.
  • NAM Polymers Inc.
  • Norwich Plastics
  • PARC Corporation
  • Plastic Recycling Inc.
  • Plastipak Holdings, Inc.
  • Seraphim Plastics LLC
  • Ultra Poly Corporation
  • Veolia Environnement S.A.

Table Information