Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) - Epidemiology Forecast - 2032

This Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS)- Epidemiology Forecast-2032 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the cytokine release syndrome, historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the cytokine release syndrome trends in the United States, the EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and United Kingdom), and Japan.

Geography Covered

• The United States
• The EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom)
• Japan

Study Period: 2019-2032

Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) Understanding

The publisher's cytokine release syndrome epidemiology report gives a thorough understanding of cytokine release syndrome. Cytokine release syndrome is a systemic inflammatory response triggered by various factors such as infections and certain drugs causing pathologic over-activation of T cells, leading to hypersecretion of cytokines by T cells and other immune cell types. CRS can also occur after certain types of immunotherapy, such as CAR T-cell therapy, and is sometimes called cytokine storm or cytokine-associated toxicity.

Symptoms of CRS are caused by a widespread immune response affecting different organ systems in the body. The symptoms range from mild, flu-like symptoms to severe life-threatening manifestations of the overshooting inflammatory response. Mild symptoms include fever, fatigue, headache, rash, arthralgia, and myalgia. Severe symptoms include hypotension as well as high fever and can progress to an uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response with vasopressor-requiring circulatory shock, vascular leakage, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multi-organ system failure.

The pathophysiology of CRS is incompletely understood. CRS usually occurs due to on-target effects induced by binding of the bispecific antibody or CAR T-cell receptor to its antigen and subsequent activation of bystander immune cells and non-immune cells, such as endothelial cells. Activation of the bystander cells results in the massive release of a range of cytokines. The initial activation of CAR T cells results in the distortion of the cytokine network driving the inflammatory process in CRS is unknown (Shimabukuro-Vornhagen et al., 2018).

Currently, no established diagnostic criteria for the CRS are available. An accurate approach included three key findings: compatible clinical symptoms, elevated biomarkers, and recent treatment with any biological agent. Clinically, CRS patients present with unspecific syndromes making the diagnosis challenging. It is important to distinguish CRS from other inflammatory disorders that present with similar clinical signs and symptoms but require different treatment.

There is very little evidence-based data regarding the management of CRS. Currently, no guidelines are available for the standard treatment and it is solely based on the experience of a small group of individuals.

Tocilizumab, a humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G1k antibody that binds to soluble and membrane-bound IL-6 receptors thereby inhibiting IL-6 signaling, is the only FDA-approved drug for the treatment of severe or life-threatening CRS (Varadarajan et al., 2020).

Depending on the clinical center both tocilizumab (IL-6R targeting monoclonal antibody) and siltuximab (chimeric anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody) have been used to control CRS. Considering approval of tocilizumab for CRS management by both the US FDA and EMA, there have been concerns about the possible elevation of IL-6 due to blockade of the receptor that subsequently leads to accumulation of this effector cytokine in the CNS. Therefore, the prospect of siltuximab being included to intervene in CRS is probable based on the rationale that it can lead to a favorable outcome in cases of passive diffusion of IL-6 into the CNS. Currently, the greater effectiveness of siltuximab over tocilizumab is highly debatable, and these concerns highlight the need for direct comparative studies that elucidate the efficacy of tocilizumab and siltuximab.

Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) Epidemiology

The epidemiology section provides insights about the historical and current cytokine release syndrome patient pool and forecasted trends for individual seven major countries. It helps to recognize the causes of current and forecasted trends by exploring numerous studies and views of key opinion leaders. This part of the report also provides the diagnosed patient pool and their trends along with assumptions undertaken.

Key Findings

The disease epidemiology covered in the report provides a historical as well as forecasted cytokine release syndrome epidemiology scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, the EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032.

In the year 2021, the total incident cases of cytokine release syndrome were 43,853 in the 7MM which are expected to grow during the study period, i.e., 2019-2032.

The disease epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted cytokine release syndrome epidemiology (segmented as Total Incident Cases of Cytokine Release Syndrome, Grade-specific cases of Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS), Cytokine Release Syndrome Cases by CAR-T Therapies, Cytokine Release Syndrome Cases by Bispecific Antibodies, and Cytokine Release Syndrome Cases by Allogenic Transplant in the 7MM covering the United States, the EU5 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032.

Country Wise Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) Epidemiology

The epidemiology segment also provides the cytokine release syndrome epidemiology data and findings across the United States, the EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan.

According to The , in the year 2021, the total incident cases of cytokine release syndrome were 11,559 in the United States which are expected to grow during the study period, i.e., 2019-2032.

The highest number of total incident cases of cytokine release syndrome was observed in Germany among the EU5 countries with 8,222 cases in 2021 which are expected to grow during the study period, i.e., 2019-2032.

In the year 2021, the total incident cases of cytokine release syndrome were 3,792 in Japan which are expected to grow during the study period, i.e., 2019-2032.

KOL-Views

To keep up with the current cytokine release syndrome patient pool and forecasted trend, we take KOLs and SMEs ' opinions working in the cytokine release syndrome domain through primary research to fill the data gaps and validate our secondary research. Their opinion helps to understand and validate the patient pool and forecasted trend.

Scope of the Report

• The report covers the descriptive overview of cytokine release syndrome, explaining their causes, symptoms, pathophysiology, and genetic basis.
• The report provides insight into the 7MM historical and forecasted patient pool covering the United States, the EU5 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan.
• The report assesses the disease risk and burden and highlights the unmet needs of cytokine release syndrome.
• The report helps to recognize the growth opportunities in the 7MM concerning the patient population.
• The report provides the segmentation of the disease epidemiology segmented as Total Incident Cases of Cytokine Release Syndrome, Grade-specific cases of Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS), Cytokine Release Syndrome Cases by CAR-T Therapies, Cytokine Release Syndrome Cases by Bispecific Antibodies, and Cytokine Release Syndrome Cases by Allogenic Transplant in the 7MM covering the United States, the EU5 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032.

Report Highlights

• The companies and academics are working to assess challenges and seek opportunities that could influence cytokine release syndrome R&D. The therapies under development are focused on novel approaches to treat/improve the disease condition.
• A better understanding of disease pathogenesis will also contribute to the development of novel therapeutics for cytokine release syndrome.
• This in-depth analysis of the pipeline assets across different stages of development (Phase III and Phase II), different emerging trends, and comparative analysis of pipeline products with detailed clinical profiles, key cross-competition, launch date along with product development activities will support the clients in the decision-making process regarding their therapeutic portfolio by identifying the overall scenario of the research and development activities.

Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) Report Key Strengths

• 11 Years Forecast
• 7MM Coverage
• Cytokine release syndrome Epidemiology Segmentation

Key Questions Answered

Epidemiology Insights:

• What are the disease risk, burden, and regional/ethnic differences of cytokine release syndrome?
• What are the key factors driving the epidemiology trend for seven major markets covering the United States, the EU5 (Germany, Spain, France, Italy, UK), and Japan?
• What is the historical cytokine release syndrome patient pool in seven major markets covering the United States, the EU5 (Germany, Spain, France, Italy, UK), and Japan?
• What would be the forecasted patient pool of cytokine release syndrome in seven major markets covering the United States, the EU5 (Germany, Spain, France, Italy, UK), and Japan?
• Where will be the growth opportunities in the 7MM concerning the patient population about cytokine release syndrome?
• Out of all 7MM countries, which country would have the highest prevalent population of cytokine release syndrome during the forecast period (2019-2032)?
• At what CAGR the patient population is expected to grow by 7MM during the forecast period (2019-2032)?

Reasons to Buy

• The report will help in developing business strategies by understanding trends shaping and driving the cytokine release syndrome disease market
• To understand the future market competition in the cytokine release syndrome disease market
• Organize sales and marketing efforts by identifying the best opportunities for cytokine release syndrome disease in the US, Europe (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan
• Identification of strong upcoming players in the market will help in devising strategies that will help in getting ahead of competitors
• Organize sales and marketing efforts by identifying the best opportunities for the cytokine release syndrome disease market
• To understand the future market competition in the cytokine release syndrome disease market