Pharmacotherapeutic Management of Cardiovascular Disease Complications is an essential textbook which comprehensively informs the reader about a broad variety of cardiovascular pathologies and their management through drug therapy.
Key Features:
- Features 22 chapters, with 17 chapters dedicated to the management of a wide range of cardiomyopathies and related complications
- Introduces readers to heart anatomy and physiology, for both medical and pharmacology students
- Covers information on cardiovascular disease biomarkers as well as current and new technologies for diagnostic procedures
- Provides additional information on different aspects of cardiovascular disease treatment including etiological factors, prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and prevention factors, risk screening and complications
- Informs readers on the role of the clinical pharmacist in patient lifestyle modification for therapeutic plans, helping to reduce cardiovascular disease burden in clinical practice The broad coverage and easy-to-read organization of the topics covered on the subject make this textbook an ideal reference for medical students and health care professionals such as doctors, nurses, clinical pharmacists, community pharmacists and paramedics.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to Heart Anatomy and Physiology
- Introduction
- Location of Heart
- Size and Shape of the Heart
- Chambers and Blood Circulation in the Heart
- Heart Chambers
- Blood Vessels
- Heart Valves
- Anatomy of Heart
- Left Side of the Heart
- Right Side of the Heart
- Covering Layers of Heart
- The Internal Structural Pattern of the Heart
- Right Atrium
- Left Atrium
- Right Ventricle
- Left Ventricle
- Physiology of the Heart
- Diastole
- Conduction System of the Heart
- Cardiac Cycle
- Relaxation Phase
- Blood Supply to Heart
- Heart Sounds
- Cardiac Output
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 2 Role of Biomarkers in Detection of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Introduction
- Ideal Characteristics of Biomarkers
- Myocardium Injury Risk Prediction Biomarkers
- Cardiac Troponin
- High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin (Hs-Ctn)
- Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (H-Fabp)
- Inflammation Prediction Biomarkers
- High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-Crp)
- Growth-Differentiation Factor-15 (Gdf-15)
- Fibrinogen
- Uric Acid
- Plaques Rupture Assessment Biomarkers
- Myeloperoxidase (Mpo)
- Matrix Metalloproteinases
- Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (Papp-A)
- Platelet Activation Biomarkers
- Secretory Phospholipase A2 (Spla2)
- Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2
- Soluble Cd40 Ligand (Scd40L)
- Biomarkers of Neurohormonal Activation
- Mid-Regional-Pro-Adrenomedullin
- Myocardial Dysfunction Detection Biomarkers St
- Endothelin-1 (Et-1)
- Galectin-3
- Neuregulin-1
- Biomarkers of Micro Rnas (Mirnas)
- Other Biomarkers Involved in the Prediction of Cardiovascular
- Disease Risk Prediction
- Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin
- Natriuretic Peptides
- Apelin
- Growth Differentiation Factor-15
- Cyclophilin a
- Prolactin
- Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (H-Fabp)
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 3 Diagnostic Investigations for Detection of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Introduction
- Cardiovascular Diseases: a Group of Disorders of the Heart And
- Blood Vessels
- Coronary Heart Disease
- Cerebrovascular Disease
- Peripheral Arterial Disease
- Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
- Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
- Diagnostic Investigations for Cardiovascular Diseases
- Blood Analysis
- Biomarkers for Detection of Cardiovascular Disease
- B-Type Natriuretic Peptides
- Blood Urea Nitrogen
- C-Reactive Protein
- Enzymes
- Fibrinogen
- Blood Sugar Test
- Homocysteine
- Lipid
- Other Cardiovascular Disease Diagnostic Invest-Igations
- Ct Scan
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Echocardiography
- Ejection Fraction Testing
- Electrocardiogram
- Electrophysiology Study
- Cardiac Stress Test
- Cardiac Ct Scan Angiography
- Coronary Angiogram
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Transesophageal Echocardiogram
- Ultrasound Examination
- Chest X-Rays
- Nuclear Perfusion Imaging
- Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
- Holter and Event Monitoring Test
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 4 Heart Valve Disease
- Introduction
- Prevalence
- Types of Heart Valve Disease
- Valvular Stenosis
- Valvular Insufficiency
- Risk Factors for Heart Valve Disease
- Causes of Heart Valve Disease
- Symptoms [9, 10]
- Diagnostic Investigations
- Pathophysiology
- Pharmacotherapeutic Management
- Surgery Options
- Heart Valve Repair
- Biological Valve Replacement
- Surgery and Other Procedures
- Aortic Stenosis
- Lipid-Lowering Therapy
- Statins
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
- Vasodilator Therapy
- Beta Blockers
- Aortic Valve Replacement
- Surgical and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
- Aortic Balloon Valvuloplasty
- Healthy Lifestyle Changes to Treat Other Related Heart
- Conditions
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 5 Dyslipidemia
- Introduction
- Main Types of Lipids
- Most Common Goals for Cholesterol
- Types of Dyslipidemias
- Specific Types of Primary Dyslipidemia
- Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia
- Familial Hyperapobetalipoproteinemia
- Prevalence
- Causes
- Secondary Hyperlipidemia Causes
- Clinical Symptoms of Dyslipidemia
- Diagnosis
- Complications of Hyperlipidemia
- Atherosclerosis
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Myocardial Infarction
- Ischemic Stroke
- Prevention of Dyslipidemia
- Hyperlipidmia Management
- Dyslipidemia Medications
- Statins
- Side Effects
- Bile Acid Sequestrants
- Side Effects
- Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
- Side Effects
- Niacin
- Side Effects
- Fibrates
- Side Effects
- Pcsk9 Monoclonal Antibodies
- New Potential Targets and Treatments [24, 25]
- Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (Cetp) Inhibitors
- Antisense Oligonucleotides
- Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein (Mtp) Inhibitors
- Acyl-Coa Cholesterol Acyl Transferase Inhibitors (Acat)
- Atp Citrate Lyase Inhibitors
- Squalene Epoxidase Inhibitors
- Lanosterol Synthase Inhibitors
- Acyl Coenzyme a Diacyl Glycerol Acyltransferase (Dgat)
- Squalene Synthase Inhibitors
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 6 Hypertension
- Introduction
- Classification
- Causes of Hypertension
- Primary Hypertension
- Secondary Hypertension
- Risk Factors
- Age
- Ethnicity
- Alcohol and Tobacco Use
- Sex
- Existing Health Conditions
- Pathophysiology
- Neural Mechanisms
- Peripheral Auto Regulatory Components
- Hormonal Mechanism
- Vascular Endothelial Mechanism
- Signs and Symptoms
- Complications
- Lifestyle Changes for Prevention of Hypertension [21]
- Treatment
- Anti-Hypertensive Drugs [22 - 25]
- Diuretics
- Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 7 Atherosclerosis
- Introduction
- Atheromatous Plaque
- Fatty Streaks
- Intimal Cushion Lesions
- Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis [3 - 6]
- Age
- Gender
- Genes
- Smoking
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Hyperlipidemia
- Arteriosclerosis
- Causes
- Aneurysm
- Diagnosis Test [10 - 14]
- Clinical Manifestations
- The Prevention of Atherosclerosis
- Pharamacotherapy for Treating Atherosclerosis
- Cholesterol Lowering Drugs
- Statins
- Niacin
- Bile Acid Sequestrates
- Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
- Fibric Acid Derivatives
- Blood Pressure Lowering Drugs
- Beta Blockers
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (Ace) Inhibitors
- Angiotensin Ii Receptor Blockers
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Thrombolytic Drugs
- Anti Platelet Drugs
- Types of Antiplatelet Agents
- Clinical Uses of Antiplatelet Agents
- Diuretics
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Author
- A. Bharath Kumar
- M. S. Umashankar
