Pituitary Tumors. A Comprehensive and Interdisciplinary Approach

Table of Contents

I. Preclinical essentials 1. Physiology of pituitary hormones 2. Principles of laboratory investigation for pituitary hormones 3. Pathophysiology and genetics in pituitary tumors 4. Pathophysiology and genetics in craniopharyngioma 5. Anatomy of the pituitary region

II. Neuroradiological and ophthalmological diagnosis in pituitary tumors 6. Morphological imaging including imaging anatomy 7. Functional imaging 8. Neuroophthalmological diagnosis

III. Endocrinological diagnosis and replacement therapy for hypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus in pituitary tumors 9. Endocrinological diagnosis and replacement therapy for hypopituitarism 10. Endocrinological diagnosis and replacement therapy for diabetes insipidus 11. The role of nurses in supporting selfmanagement for patients with hypopituitarism

IV. Endocrinological diagnosis and medical treatment in functioning pituitary adenomas 12. Prolactinomas: Diagnosis and medical treatment 13. Endocrinological diagnosis in acromegaly 14. Medical treatment in acromegaly 15. The diagnosis of Cushing's disease 16. Medical management of Cushing's disease 17. Endocrinological diagnosis and treatment

V. Surgical treatment of pituitary tumors 18. Microscopic transsphenoidal surgery 19. Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery: Including a brief history of transsphenoidal surgery 20. Risks of transsphenoidal surgery 21. Ophthalmologic outcome of transsphenoidal surgery 22. Endocrinological outcome of transsphenoidal surgery in pituitary adenomas 23. Extended transsphenoidal surgery 24. Transcranial surgery 25. Video presentations of pituitary surgery

VI. Histo-pathological classification of pituitary tumors 26. Pathology of pituitary adenoma 27. Pathology of nonadenomatous pituitary tumors and tumor-like lesions

VII. Perioperative and postoperative management in patients with pituitary adenomas 28. Perioperative neurosurgical management 29. Perioperative endocrinological management in patients with pituitary adenomas 30. Perioperative and postoperative nursing care 31. Postoperative endocrinological follow-up 32. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging use in the posttreatment follow-up of secreting pituitary adenomas

VIII. Radiotherapy for pituitary adenomas 33. Fractionated radiotherapy for pituitary adenomas 34. Pituitary adenomas: Radiosurgery

IX. Aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas 35. Management of aggressive pituitary tumors 36. Medical treatment of aggressive pituitary tumors

X. Diagnosis, treatment and outcome in nonfunctioning pituitary tumors and lesions 37. Clinically nonfunctioning pituitary tumors 38. Childhood-onset craniopharyngiomas 39. Adult craniopharyngiomas 40. Rathke's cleft cysts and arachnoid cysts 41. Perisellar solid tumors 42. Inflammatory pituitary lesions 43. Vascular lesions and aneurysms

XI. Diagnosis and treatment of co-morbidities in pituitary tumors 44. Psychiatric disorders 45. Metabolic disorders 46. Osteoporosis and arthropathy in functioning pituitary tumors

XII. Special issues 47. Pituitary incidentaloma 48. Pituitary apoplexy 49. Management of pituitary tumors in pregnancy 50. Quality of life in pituitary tumors 51. Multidisciplinary team perspective: A model of care for patients with pituitary tumors

Authors

J�rgen Honegger Department of Neurosurgery, University of T�bingen, T�bingen, Germany. J�rgen Honegger is Professor of Neurosurgery and Vice-Chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery at the Eberhard-Karls University in T�bingen, Germany.
He worked as a resident in the ophthalmological department in T�bingen (1986) and as a resident (1986-1989), senior resident (1991-1994), and consulting neurosurgeon (1994-1997) in neurosurgery at the University of Erlangen-N�rnberg, where he was trained in pituitary surgery by Professor Rudolf Fahlbusch. He spent 1990 at St. Bartholomew's hospital in London, UK, as a Clinical and Research Fellow to Professors Michael Besser, John Wass, and Ashley Grossman. From 1998 to 2004, he was consultant at the Department of Neurosurgery, University of Fribourg. Since 2005, he has been Vice-Chairman at the Department of Neurosurgery, University of T�bingen, where his main neurosurgical specialities are pituitary surgery, vascular surgery, and epilepsy surgery. J�rgen Honegger was licensed as neurosurgeon in 1987. He was appointed Associate Professor (with a thesis on "Biochemical characterization and surgical treatment of craniopharyngiomas�) in 1997 and Professor in Neurosurgery in 2006. His main clinical and scientific area of activity is in pituitary tumors. In T�bingen, he has built up a Pituitary Surgery Unit that today ranks among the largest units in Germany. Prof. Honegger performs more than 150 operations for pituitary tumors per year. He has organized and hosted pituitary surgery training courses of the German Society of Neurosurgery. He has directed several national studies and surveys on pituitary disorders. Since 2014, he has been the head of the Pituitary Tumor Working Group of the German Society of Endocrinology, which holds the patronage for the German Acromegaly Registry, the German Craniopharyngioma Registry for Adults, and the German Pituitary Tumor Registry. Martin Reincke Chairman of Medicine, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany. Martin Reincke is Professor of Endocrinology and Chair of Medical Department IV of the Ludwig-Maximilians University in Munich, a leading institution in German academic medicine.
His research specialties include endocrine hypertension, mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid action, and stress research. Professor Reincke is a clinician-scientist at heart. He heads a research team that specifically explores the prevalence and relevance of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid excess on the epidemiological, clinical, genetic, and molecular levels. He is co-founder of the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors (ENSAT), established in 2000. In 2009, he founded the German Primary Aldosteronism Registry, and in 2012, the German Cushing Registry. Professor Reincke is a member of many national and international societies, including the Endocrine Society and the European Society of Endocrinology. He has served on the Executive Board of the German Endocrine Society and European Society of Endocrinology, is on the editorial boards of several international journals, and has served as Teaching Dean of the Faculty from 2006 to 2012 and as president of the German Endocrine Society (2014-2017). Prof. Reincke won the prestigious European Research Council Advanced Grant Award (2.5 million ?) in 2016. He is currently President-Elect of the European Society of Endocrinology. His publications include more than 490 MEDLINE-listed manuscripts, which have been cited >12,500 times, and his h-index is 61 (ISI Web of Science). Stephan Petersenn ENDOC Center for Endocrine Tumors, Hamburg, Germany. Stephan Petersenn, MD, ENDOC Center for Endocrine Tumors, Hamburg, Germany. Prof. Stephan Petersenn studied medicine at the University of Kiel, Germany (1984-1987 and 1988-1990) and the University of Vienna, Austria (1987-1988). He is qualified in Internal Medicine (1999), Diabetology (1999), Endocrinology (2000), and Andrology (2007). Previously, he worked in an internship (1991-1992) in the Department of Medicine, University of Kiel, as a Research Fellow (1992-1994) to Professor S Melmed at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA, as a Resident and Fellow (1995-2000) in the Department of Medicine, University of Hamburg, and as a Senior Physician (2001-2009) in the Division of Endocrinology, University of Duisburg-Essen. In 2009, he founded the ENDOC Center for Endocrine Tumors in Hamburg, while remaining a member of the faculty of the University of Duisburg-Essen. In 2003, he became Associate Professor, and in 2008 Professor of Medicine, at the University of Duisburg-Essen. His research is focused on the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary and adrenal tumors, as well as neuroendocrine tumors. Furthermore, his clinical and basic studies aim for a better understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of somatostatin receptors. Throughout his career, Prof Petersenn has published more than 160 articles in peer-reviewed journals of high reputation, and he has presented at many international conferences. He is a member of several societies, including the Endocrine society, the European Society of Endocrinology, and the International Pituitary Society.