This brief monograph provides reports on liquid crystal materials used for specific devices designed for industrial applications. The authors of each chapter present insights on the design and technical aspects of the manufacturing of advanced liquid crystal light modulators reflecting their experience in advanced liquid crystal materials science.
Chapters in the book first introduce readers to the chemistry and basic materials science of liquid crystal light modulators with information important for practical situations such as custom manufacturing and material quality assessment (including the determination of Frank elastic constants). Subsequent chapters cover a selection of interesting projects where liquid crystal light modulators are applied, such as: a highly transparent, laser damage resistant liquid crystal phase modulators for space-borne laser rangefinders; a dynamic optical filter designed for visualization of air pollution; a high contrast, fast operating, outdoor light shutter for the eye protection of welders.
Readers will gain an awareness of the peculiarities of the liquid crystalline matter, along with the complexity of the design and fabrication of active optical elements, as the information provided in this volume presents detailed practical results of the liquid crystal technology projects.
Chapters in the book first introduce readers to the chemistry and basic materials science of liquid crystal light modulators with information important for practical situations such as custom manufacturing and material quality assessment (including the determination of Frank elastic constants). Subsequent chapters cover a selection of interesting projects where liquid crystal light modulators are applied, such as: a highly transparent, laser damage resistant liquid crystal phase modulators for space-borne laser rangefinders; a dynamic optical filter designed for visualization of air pollution; a high contrast, fast operating, outdoor light shutter for the eye protection of welders.
Readers will gain an awareness of the peculiarities of the liquid crystalline matter, along with the complexity of the design and fabrication of active optical elements, as the information provided in this volume presents detailed practical results of the liquid crystal technology projects.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to Liquid Crystal Light Modulators- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 2 Complementary Method of Assessment of Frank Elastic
- Constants in Nematic Liquid Crystals
2. Determination of K11, K22 and K33 in Nlcs
2.1. Optical Monitoring of Fréedericksz's Transitions Induced by Electric Fields E in Nlcs
2.1.1. Experimental Determination of Homogeneity Conditions of E Fields in Ips
- Cells
2.1.3. Optical Monitoring of Splay (K11) and (K33) Bend Deformations in Pnlc
- (Δε > 0) and Nnlc (Δε < 0)
2.3. Hybrid Measuring Cells with Ips Electrodes (Hips)
2.3.1. Hybrid Measuring Cells 5Hips40P and 5Hips40N
2.3.2. Evaluation of Hybrid Measuring Cells 5Hips40P and 5Hips40N
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 3 Nematic Mixtures for Liquid Crystal Light Modulators
1. Introduction
2. Cells for Measurements of Liquid Crystals Properties
3. Nematic Liquid Crystalline Mixtures
3.1. Dielectric Study of W1898 and W1795B Mixtures
3.2. Refractometric Study of W1898 Mixture
3.3. Determination of Frank Elastic Constants Kii of W1898 and W1795B Mixtures
3.4. Determination of Ktn Reduced Elastic Constant of W1898 Mixture
3.5. Determination of Rotational Viscosity Γ of W1898 Mixture
3.6. Studies of Physical Properties of Other Mnlc Mixtures
3.6.1. Study of W1820 Mixture
3.6.2. Study of W1852 Mixture
3.6.3. Study of W1825 Mixture
3.6.4. Study of W1791 Mixture
3.6.5. Study of W1865 Mixture
3.6.6. Study of W1115 Mixture
4. Material Parameters of Mnlc Mixtures
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 4 Liquid Crystal Cell for Space-Borne Laser Rangefinder
1. Introduction
2. Lcc Technical Requirements
3. Electro-Optical Twisted Nematic Effect
3.1. Configuration and Transmission of a Liquid Crystal Tn Transducer
3.2. Switching-On Time and Switching-Off Time of Tn Effect
4. Nematic Liquid Crystal Mixture for Lcc with Tn Effect
5. Chosen Elements of the Theory of Light Propagation In
- Transparent Isotropic Media
5.2. Total Ratio of Transmission (T) and of Reflections (R) of the Plane Parallel Dielectric
- Plate
6.1. Tn Effect with Mnlc Mixture Selected for Lcc
6.2. the Optically Matched Lcc Transducer with W1825 Mixture
6.3. Tests of Lcc with the Liquid Crystal Mixture W1825
7. Liquid Crystal Cell for Space-Borne Laser Rangefinder For
- International Space Mission “Phobos-Ground”
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 5 Liquid Crystal Filter Lcf
1. Introduction
2. Lcf Theory and Concept
3. Liquid Crystal Filter Lcf - an Working Example
3.1. Multicomponent Nematic Liquid Crystalline Mixture for Lcf
3.2. Liquid Crystal Filter - Test's Results
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 6 Liquid Crystal Shutter for Welding Helmets “Piap-Ps
- Automatic”
2. Technical Requirements for Welding Filters
3. Degree N of Filter Protection
4. Switching Time Ts
5. Design and Operation Principle of the Lcs
5.1. Selection of Tn Effect for Lcs
5.1.1. Pc Coefficient of Power Consumption
5.1.2. Contrast Ratio Cr of the Lcs
5.1.3. Tn Effect of the Lcs
5.2. Selection of Mnlc Mixture for Lcs
5.3. Structure of Liquid Crystal Cells for Lcs
5.4. Permanent Filters
5.5. Lcs of a Welding Mask
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
- List of Abbreviations
- Contractual Designations and Symbols Used in the P Aper
- Subject Index
Author
- Leszek R. Jaroszewicz
