A Primer on Earth Pollution: Pollution Types and Disposal, is an encyclopedia of important research articles and short essays on pollution. Chapters in the initial half provide information about a wide variety of pollutants (dyes and microplastics) and contributing factors (thermal pollution and the impact of GM plants, for instance).
Each chapter explains the nature of polluting agents and presents notes and references on preventive measures. Notes on the associated clinical complications due to exposure are also proved where applicable, such as the case of MDR bacteria in marine environments. The latter chapters of the book cover the biotechnology of medical waste disposal using microbes as well as nanotechnology used for limiting the spread of COVID-19.
The volume is a handy reference for students and trainees in the field of environmental science as it brings a balance of basic and applied information on the subject of pollution.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Synthetic Dyes Pollution
- Introduction
- Sources of Synthetic Dyes Pollution
- Dyeing Process
- Preparation of Fabrics
- Dyeing
- Finishing
- Types of Dyes
- Various Types of Food Colorants
- The Impacts of Dyes
- Environmental Impact of Dyes
- Impacts of Food Dyes on Health
- Health Effects of Textile Dyes
- Environmental Standards
- Treatment Methods
- Biological Treatment
- Control Measures
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 2 Microplastics Pollution
- Introduction
- Origin of Microplastics
- Primary Microplastics
- Secondary Microplastics
- Degradation of Plastics
- Types of Degradation
- Factors Affecting Microplastics Ingestion
- Abundance
- Colour
- Size
- Density
- Biofouling
- Food Chain
- Impacts of Microplastics on Marine Ecosystem
- Impacts of Microplastics on Marine Biota
- Impacts of Microplastics on Human Beings
- Seafood Contaminated with Plastics
- Other Food Products with Plastic Contamination
- Implications for Human Food Safety
- Management Methods of Plastic Pollution
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- B. Sathya Priya, V. Arun and T. Stalin
- B. Sathya Priya and T. Stalin
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 3 Thermal Pollution
- Introduction
- Definition
- Causes
- Industrial Effluents
- Domestic Sewages
- Soil Erosion
- Deforestation
- Urban Stormwater Runoff
- Natural Causes
- Hydroelectric Power Generation
- Livestock Waste Mixed into Water
- Release of Cold Water
- Unawareness Among People
- Effects
- Reduction in Dissolved Oxygen (Do)
- Reduced Solubility of Oxygen
- Change in Water Properties
- Increase in Toxicity
- Disruption of Biological Activities
- Damage of Biotic Organism
- Ecological Impact
- Affects Reproductive Systems
- Increases Metabolic Rate
- Migration
- Adverse Effect on Water Plants
- Control
- Prevention
- Cooling Towers
- Artificial Lakes
- Saving Electricity
- Adopting Better Technologies
- Holding Back the Water for Good
- Plantation of More Trees Upon the Banks of Rivers, Seas and Other Water Bodies
- Artificial Lakes
- Recycling Used Water
- Spreading Awareness Among People
- Suitable Arrangements in Urban Places
- Co-Generation
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 4 Agricultural Pollution
- Introduction
- M. Sudha Devi and T. Dhanalakshimi
- K. Chitra and B. Sathya Priya
- Sources of Agricultural Pollution
- Causes of Agricultural Pollution
- Chemical Fertilizers
- Eutrophication
- Chemical Pesticides
- Distribution of Agricultural Pesticides
- Banned Pesticides in India
- Heavy Metals
- Soil Erosion
- Sedimentation
- Silage
- Agricultural Water Pollution
- Effects of Agricultural Pollution
- Health Problems
- Acute Diseases
- Parkinson's Disease
- Reduce Long-Term Agricultural Yields
- Soil Pollution and Depletion of Soil Fertility
- Air Pollution
- Destroys Biodiversity
- Some Ways to Reduce Agricultural Pollution
- Organic Farming
- Principles of Organic Agriculture
- Benefits of Organic Farming
- Healthy Soil
- Prevent Soil Erosion
- Organic Farming and Global Warming
- Water Conservation and Water Health
- Support Foranimal Health and Welfare
- Increase in Biodiversity
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 5 Industrial Effluent Pollution-Impact of Papermill
- Effluent Irrigation and Solid Waste Application on Cultivated Soil
- Introduction
- Review of Literature
- Materials and Methods
- Treatment Details
- Result and Discussion
- Characteristics of the Paper Mill Effluent
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 6 Genetically Modified Plants and Its Effect on Environment
- M. Suguna Devakumari
- J. Beslin Joshi
- Introduction
- Is Gm Crops a Necessity?
- Status of Gm Crops in the World
- Impact of Gm Crops
- Human Health
- Allergenicity/Toxicity
- Horiozontal Gene Transfer
- Environment
- Biodiversity Loss/Genetic Erosion
- Super Weeds
- Gene Flow
- Non-Target Effect
- Economical
- Social
- Political
- Regulation of Gm Crops
- Us
- Eu
- China
- Japan
- India
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 7 Pesticide Pollution
- Introduction
- Biodegradable Pollutants
- What are Pesticides
- History
- Toxicological Classification of Pesticides
- Pesticide Pollution
- How We are Exposed to Pesticides
- How Pesticides Contaminate Groundwater
- Potential Impact on Human Health
- Acute Effect
- Chronic Effect
- Impacts on Environment
- Impact on Plants
- Impact on Soil
- Impact on Aquatic Life
- Impacts on Water and Air Ecosystem
- Impacts on Soil Micro-Flora
- Impacts on Non-Target Organism
- Pest Resistance
- Eradicating Pesticides
- Summary
- Consent for Publication
- A. Anitha and S. Geethalakshmi
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 8 Water Pollution
- Introduction
- Types of Pollution
- Sources of Water Pollution
- Industrial Effluent
- The Basis of Industrial Water Pollution
- Municipal and Domestic Wastes
- Agricultural Waste
- Spilling of Oil
- Mining Waste
- Heavy Metal Contamination
- Acid Mine Drainage
- Processing Chemicals Pollution
- Erosion and Sedimentation
- Power Plant and Radioactive Pollutants
- Biological Waste
- Hazardous to Our Earth
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 9 Marine Pollution
- Introduction
- Sources of Marine Pollution
- Oil Pollution
- Marine Debris
- Heavy Metals
- Nutrients Enrichment
- Plastic Debris
- Toxic Chemicals
- Sewage and Industrial Discharge
- Green House Gases
- Shipping
- Radioactive Waste
- Noise
- Impacts of Pollutants on Marine Ecosystem and Biodiversity
- Oil Spills
- Marine Debris
- Heavy Metals
- Nutrient Enrichment
- Plastic Debris
- Toxic Chemicals
- Sewage and Industrial Discharge
- Landfills
Author
- A. Vinoth Kanna
- J. Senthil Kumar
- P. Ponmurugan
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