The Global Market for Micro and Mini LEDs 2025-2035

1.1        The Mini-LED market
1.2        The Micro-LED market
1.3        The global display market
1.3.1     OLEDs
1.3.2     Quantum dots
1.3.3     Display technologies assessment
1.4        Benefits of Mini- and Micro-LEDs
1.5        Mini- and Micro-LEDs applications
1.6        Market and technology challenges
1.7        Industry developments 2020-2025
1.8        Market activity in China
1.9        Global shipment forecasts for Mini-LEDs and Micro-LEDs to 2034
1.9.1     Mini-LEDs
1.9.1.1  Units
1.9.1.2  Revenues
1.9.2     Micro-LEDs
1.9.2.1  Units
1.9.2.2  Revenues

2.1       Mini-LED (mLED) vs Micro-LED (µLED)
2.1.1    Display configurations
2.2       Mini-LED displays
2.2.1    Comparison to LCD and OLED
2.2.2    Advantages and disadvantages
2.2.3    Backplane types
2.2.4    Costs
2.2.5    High dynamic range Mini-LED displays
2.2.6    Quantum dot films for Mini-LED displays
2.2.7    Perovskite colour enhancement film in Mini-LEDs
2.2.8    Market map
2.2.9    Technology roadmap
2.3       Micro-LED displays
2.3.1    Development
2.3.1.1 Sony
2.3.2    Types
2.3.3    Technology Trends
2.3.3.1 MicroLED Efficiency and Display Power Consumption
2.3.3.2 MicroLED Die Architecture
2.3.3.3 Driving
2.3.3.4 Colour
2.3.3.5 Monolithic Integration Process (MiP)
2.3.3.6 Tiling
2.3.3.7 Transparent, Flexible and Stretchable Displays
2.3.3.8 Microdisplays
2.3.3.9 Sensors
2.3.4    Production
2.3.4.1 Integration
2.3.4.2 Transfer technologies
2.3.4.3 Comparison to LCD and OLED
2.3.4.4 Micro-LED display specifications
2.3.4.5 Advantages
2.3.4.5.1           Transparency
2.3.4.5.2           Borderless
2.3.4.5.3           Flexibility
2.3.4.6 Tiled microLED displays
2.3.4.7 Costs
2.3.4.8 Manufacturing
2.3.4.8.1.1      Epitaxy and Chip Processing
2.3.4.8.1.2      Chip manufacturing
2.3.4.8.1.3      MicroLED Performances
2.3.4.8.1.4      Transfer, Assembly and Integration Technologies
2.3.4.9 Colour conversion
2.3.4.9.1           Comparison of technologies
2.3.4.9.2           Full colour conversion
2.3.4.9.3           UV LED
2.3.4.9.4           Colour filters
2.3.4.9.5           Stacked RGB MicroLEDs
2.3.4.9.5.1      Companies
2.3.4.9.6           Three panel microLED projectors
2.3.4.9.7           Phosphor Colour Conversion
2.3.4.9.7.1      Overview
2.3.4.9.8           Quantum dots colour conversion
2.3.4.9.8.1      Mode of operation
2.3.4.9.8.2      Cadmium QDs
2.3.4.9.8.3      Cadmium-free QDs
2.3.4.9.8.4      Perovskite quantum dots
2.3.4.9.8.5      Graphene quantum dots
2.3.4.9.8.6      Phosphors and quantum dots
2.3.4.9.8.7      Quantum dots in microLED displays
2.3.4.9.8.8      Challenges
2.3.4.9.8.9      Companies
2.3.4.9.9           Quantum wells
2.3.4.9.10        Improving image quality
2.3.4.10            Market map
2.3.4.11            Technology roadmap

3.1        Consumer electronic display market
3.1.1     Mini-LED Quantum Dot TV
3.1.2     Products
3.2        Smartwatches and wearables
3.2.1     Overview
3.2.2     Products
3.3        Smartphones
3.3.1     Overview
3.4        Market players
3.4.1     Samsung
3.4.1.1  Wall display
3.4.1.2  Neo QLED TV range
3.4.1.3  MicroLED CX TV line-up
3.4.2     LG
3.4.2.1  LG mini QNED range
3.4.2.2  MAGNIT Micro-LED TV
3.4.2.3  Stretchable 12" microLED touch displays
3.4.3     TCL CSOT
3.4.3.1  8 Series and 6 Series
3.5        Laptops, monitors and tablets
3.5.1     Mini-LED
3.5.2     Mini-LED and Micro-LED laptop, monitor and tablet products and prototypes

4.1        Overview
4.2        The global foldable display market
4.3        Product developers

5.1        The global medical display market
5.2        Mini-LEDs
5.3        Micro-LEDS
5.3.1     Micro-LEDs for medical applications
5.3.1.1  Implantable Devices
5.3.1.2  Lab-on-a-Chip
5.3.1.3  Endoscopy
5.3.1.4  Surgical Displays
5.3.1.5  Phototherapy
5.3.1.6  Biosensing
5.3.2     Products
5.4        Product developers

6.1        Global automotive displays market
6.2        Mini-LED
6.2.1     Dashboard Displays
6.2.2     Head-Up Displays (HUDs)
6.2.3     Digital Instrument Clusters
6.2.4     Ambient Lighting
6.2.5     Exterior Lighting
6.3        Micro-LEDs
6.3.1     Head-up display (HUD)
6.3.2     Headlamps
6.4        Product developers

7.1        Global market for virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR)
7.2        Mini-LEDs
7.3        Micro-LEDs
7.3.1     AR/VR Smart glasses and head-mounted displays (HMDs)
7.3.2     Micro-LED contact lenses
7.3.3     Products and prototypes
7.4        Product developers

8.1        Global transparent displays market
8.2        Mini-LED and Micro-LED transparent displays applications
8.2.1     Products
8.3        Product developers

9.1        Mini-LEDs
9.2        Micro-LEDs

Table 1. Mini-LED commercial products.
Table 2. Announced Micro-LED fabs.
Table 3. Micro-LED commercial products.
Table 4. Summary of display technologies.
Table 5. Mini- and Micro-LED applications.
Table 6. Micro-LED applications.
Table 7. Market and technology challenges for mini- and micro-LED.
Table 8. Micro- and Micro-LED industry developments 2020-2025.
Table 9. Mini- and micro-LED activity in China.
Table 10. Global Market for Mini-LED Displays 2020-2035, by End-Use Market (Million Units).
Table 11. Global Market for Mini-LED Displays 2020-2035, by End-Use Market (Million USD).
Table 12. Global Market for Micro-LED Displays 2020-2035, by End-Use Market (Thousand Units).
Table 13. Global Market for Micro-LED Displays 2020-2035, by End-Use Market (Millions USD).
Table 14. Comparison between mini-LED and micro-LED.
Table 15. Comparison between Mini-LED displays and other display types.
Table 16. Advantages and disadvantages of Mini-LEDs.
Table 17. Comparison of AM and PM driving.
Table 18. Mini-LED backlight costs.
Table 19. Comparison to conventional LEDs.
Table 20. Types of Micro-LED.
Table 21. Summary of monolithic integration, monolithic hybrid integration (flip-chip/wafer bonding), and mass transfer technologies.
Table 22. Summary of different mass transfer technologies.
Table 23. Micro-LED Comparison to LCD and OLED.
Table 24. Schematic comparison to LCD and OLED.
Table 25. Commercially available Micro-LED products and specifications.
Table 26. Micro-LED-based display advantages and disadvantages.
Table 27. MicroLED Costs.
Table 28. Materials for commercial LED chips.
Table 29. Bandgap vs lattice constant for common III-V semiconductors used in LEDs.
Table 30. Advantages and disadvantages of MOCVD.
Table 31.  Typical RGB microLED designs.
Table 32. Size dependence of key parameters in microLEDs
Table 33. Transfer, assembly and integration technologies.
Table 34. Companies utilizing monolithic integration for MicroLEDs.
Table 35. Advantages and disadvantages of heterogeneous wafers.
Table 36. Key players in heterogeneous wafers.
Table 37. Fabricating monolithic micro-displays.
Table 38. GaN-on-Si applications.
Table 39. Different epitaxial growth methods for GaN-on-Silicon.
Table 40. Comparison of GaN growth on sapphire vs silicon substrates.
Table 41. Cost comparison of sapphire versus silicon substrates for GaN epitaxy
Table 42. Challenges of GaN-on-Silicon epitaxy and mitigation strategies.
Table 43. Companies utilizing GaN microLEDs on silicon.
Table 44. Mass transfer methods, by company.
Table 45. Comparison of various mass transfer technologies.
Table 46. Factors affecting transfer yield for microLED mass assembly.
Table 47. Advantages and disadvantages of Elastomeric stamp for microLED mass transfer.
Table 48. Companies utilizing elastomeric stamp transfer.
Table 49. Laser beam requirement.
Table 50. Companies utilizing laser-enabled transfer technology.
Table 51. Companies developing micro-transfer printing technologies.
Table 52. Types of self-assembly technologies.
Table 53. Companies utilizing self-assembly.
Table 54. Advantages and disadvantages of all-in-one CMOS driving technique.
Table 55. Companies utilizing All-in-one transfer.
Table 56. Comparison between 2D and 3D microLEDs.
Table 57. Classification of key microLED bonding and interconnection techniques.
Table 58. Types of bonding.
Table 59. Strategies for full colour realization.
Table 60.  Comparison of colour conversion technologies for microLED displays.
Table 61. Companies developing stacked RGB microLEDs.
Table 62. Phosphor materials used for LED colour conversion.
Table 63. Requirements for phosphors in LEDs.
Table 64. Standard and emerging red-emitting phosphors.
Table 65. Challenges with phosphor colour conversion.
Table 66. Companies developing phosphors for MicroLEDs.
Table 67. Comparative properties of conventional QDs and Perovskite QDs.
Table 68. Properties of perovskite QLEDs comparative to OLED and QLED.
Table 69. Perovskite-based QD producers.
Table 70. Comparison between carbon quantum dots and graphene quantum dots.
Table 71. Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs.
Table 72. Graphene quantum dots producers.
Table 73. QDs vs phosphors.
Table 74. QD-based display types.
Table 75. Quantum dot (QD) patterning techniques.
Table 76. Pros and cons of ink-jet printing for manufacturing displays.
Table 77. Challenges with QD colour conversion.
Table 78. Companies utilizing quantum dots in MicroLEDs.
Table 79. Comparison of LED TV technologies.
Table 80. Mini-LED and Micro-LED TVs launched 2022-2024.
Table 81. Commercial Mini-LED Quantum Dot TVs.
Table 82. Mini-LED and Micro-LED TV products.
Table 83. Mini-LED and Micro-LED in Smartwatches and Wearable Products.
Table 84. MiniLEDs in Smartphones.
Table 85. Samsung Neo QLED TV range.
Table 86. LG mini QNED range
Table 87. TCL range of Mini-LED TVs.
Table 88. Laptops with Mini-LED Displays
Table 89. Monitors with Mini-LED and Micro-LED Displays
Table 90. Tablets with Mini-LED and Micro-LED Displays.
Table 91.Foldable Display Products.
Table 92. Flexible, stretchable and foldable Mini-LED and Micro-LED products.
Table 93. Biotech and Medical Mini-LED and Micro-LED Products.
Table 94. Medical display Mini-LED and Micro-LED product developers.
Table 95. Automotive display & backlight architectures
Table 96. Applications of Micro-LED in automotive.
Table 97. Automotive Mini-LED and Micro-LED Products.
Table 98. Automotive display Mini-LED and Micro-LED products.
Table 99. Comparison of AR Display Light Engines.
Table 100. Micro-LED based smart glass products.
Table 101. Market players in Micro-LED and Mini-LED Based Smart Glass Products for AR, VR, and MR.
Table 102. Applications of Mini-LED and Micro-LED transparent displays.
Table 103. Mini-LED and Micro-LED Transparent Displays
Table 104. Companies developing Micro-LED transparent displays.
Table 105. Micro-LED supply chain.
Table 106. LG mini QNED range
Table 107. Samsung Neo QLED TV range.
Table 108. San’an Mini and Micro-led Production annual target.
Table 109. NPQDTM vs Traditional QD based Micro-LEDs.
Table 110. TCL Mini-LED product range.

Figure 1.  Blue GaN Micro-LED arrays with 3um pixel pitch use polychromatic quantum dot integration to achieve full colour AR displays.
Figure 2: QLED TV from Samsung.
Figure 3. QD display products.
Figure 4. The progress of display technology, from LCD to Micro-LED.
Figure 5. Video wall.
Figure 6. Automotive dashboard display.
Figure 7. Public advertising displays.
Figure 8. Wearable biomedical devices.
Figure 9. Head-up displays (HUD).
Figure 10. Pico-projectors.
Figure 11. Global Market for Mini-LED Displays 2020-2035, by End-Use Market (Million Units).
Figure 12. Global Market for Mini-LED Displays 2020-2035, by End-Use Market (Million USD).
Figure 13. Global Market for Micro-LED Displays 2020-2035, by End-Use Market (Thousand Units).
Figure 14. Global Market for Micro-LED Displays 2020-2035, by End-Use Market (Millions USD).
Figure 15. Display system configurations.
Figure 16. Schematic of LCD with Micro-LED backlight.
Figure 17. Schematic for configuration of full colour Micro-LED display
Figure 18. BOE glass-based backplane process.
Figure 19. MSI curved quantum dot Mini-LED display.
Figure 20. Nanolumi Chameleon® G Film in LED/LCD Monitor.
Figure 21. Market map for Mini-LED displays.
Figure 22. Technology roadmap for MiniLED displays.
Figure 23. Micro-LED schematic.
Figure 24. Pixels per inch roadmap of µ-LED displays from 2007 to 2019.
Figure 25. Mass transfer for µLED chips.
Figure 26. Schematic diagram of mass transfer technologies.
Figure 27. Comparison of Micro-LED with other display technologies.
Figure 28. Lextar 10.6 inch transparent Micro-LED display.
Figure 29. Transition to borderless design.
Figure 30. Cost evolution roadmap 2024-2035.
Figure 31. Process for LED Manufacturing.
Figure 32. Main application scenarios of microLED display and their characteristic display area and pixel density.
Figure 33. Conventional process used to fabricate microLED microdisplay devices.
Figure 34. Process flow of Silicon Display of Sharp.
Figure 35. JDB monolithic hybrid integration microLED chip fabrication process.
Figure 36. Monolithic microLED array.
Figure 37. Schematics of a elastomer stamping, b electrostatic/electromagnetic transfer, c laser-assisted transfer and d fluid self-assembly.
Figure 38. Transfer process flow.
Figure 39. XCeleprint Automated micro-transfer printing machinery.
Figure 40. Schematics of Roll-based mass transfer.
Figure 41. Schematic of laser-induced forward transfer technology.
Figure 42. Schematic of fluid self-assembly technology.
Figure 43. Fabrication of microLED chip array.
Figure 44. Schematic of colour conversion technology.
Figure 45. Process flow of a full-colour micro display.
Figure 46. GE inkjet-printed red phosphors.
Figure 47. Toray's organic colour conversion film.
Figure 48. Quantum dot schematic.
Figure 49. Quantum dot size and colour.
Figure 50. (a) Emission colour and wavelength of QDs corresponding to their sizes (b) InP QDs; (c) InP/ZnSe/ZnS core-shell QDs.
Figure 51. A pQLED device structure.
Figure 52. Perovskite quantum dots under UV light.
Figure 53. Market map for Micro-LED displays.
Figure 54. Market adoption roadmap for microLED displays.
Figure 55. LG QNED Mini-LED TV.
Figure 56. Micro-LED wearable display prototype.
Figure 57. APHAEA Watch.
Figure 58. Samsung Wall display system.
Figure 59. Samsung Neo QLED 8K.
Figure 60. Samsung Electronics 89-inch microLED TV.
Figure 61. MAGNIT Micro-LED TV.
Figure 62. Stretchable 12" microLED touch displays.
Figure 63. ROG Zephyrus Duo 16.
Figure 64. AU Optonics Flexible Micro-LED Display.
Figure 65. Schematic of the TALT technique for wafer-level Micro-LED transferring.
Figure 66. 55” flexible AM panel.
Figure 67. Foldable 4K C SEED M1.
Figure 68. Micro-LEDs for medical applications
Figure 69. 2023 Cadillac Lyriq EV incorporating mini-LED display.
Figure 70. Micro-LED automotive display.
Figure 71. Issues in current commercial automotive HUD.
Figure 72. Rear lamp utilizing flexible Micro-LEDs.
Figure 73. Mojo Vision smart contact lens with an embedded Micro-LED display.
Figure 74. Cellid AR glasses, Exploded version.
Figure 75. Air Glass.
Figure 76. Panasonic MeganeX.
Figure 77. Thunderbird Smart Glasses Pioneer Edition.
Figure 78. RayNeo X2.
Figure 79. tooz technologies smart glasses.
Figure 80. Vuzix Micro-LED micro display Smart Glasses.
Figure 81. Leopard demo glasses by WaveOptics.
Figure 82. Different transparent displays and transmittance limitations.
Figure 83. 7.56" high transparency & frameless Micro-LED display.
Figure 84. AUO's 13.5-inch transparent RGB microLED display.
Figure 85. 17.3-inch transparent microLED AI display in a Taiwan Ferry.
Figure 86. Supply Chain of Mini-LED Backlight.
Figure 87. WireLED in 12” Silicon Wafer.
Figure 88. Typical GaN-on-Si LED structure.
Figure 89. 300 mm GaN-on-silicon epiwafer.
Figure 90. Micro-LED chiplet architecture.
Figure 91. Concept Apple Vr Ar Mixed Reality Headset.
Figure 92. 1.39-inch full-circle Micro-LED display
Figure 93. 9.4" flexible Micro-LED display.
Figure 94. BOE Mini-LED display TV.
Figure 95. BOE Mini-LED automotive display.
Figure 96. Image obtained on a blue active-matrix WVGA (wide video graphics array) micro display.
Figure 97. Fabrication of the 10-µm pixel pitch LED array on sapphire.
Figure 98. A 200-mm wafer with CMOS active matrices for GaN 873 × 500-pixel micro display at 10-µm pitch.
Figure 99. IntelliPix™ design for 0.26" 1080p Micro-LED display.
Figure 100. C Seed 165-inch M1 Micro-LED TV.
Figure 101. N1 folding Micro-LED TV.
Figure 102.  C Seed outdoor TV.
Figure 103. Focally Universe AR glasses.
Figure 104. Hisense 136MX MicroLED TV.
Figure 105. Flexible Micro-LED.
Figure 106. Jade Bird Display micro displays.
Figure 107. JBD's 0.13-inch panel.
Figure 108. 0.22” Monolithic full colour Micro-LED panel and inset shows a conceptual monolithic polychrome projector with a waveguide.
Figure 109. Prototype Micro-LED display.
Figure 110. APHAEA Micro-LED watch.
Figure 111. Lextar 2021 micro-led and mini LED products.
Figure 112. LSAB009 Micro-LED display.
Figure 113. LG MAGNIT 4K 136-inch TV.
Figure 114. 12" 100 PPI full-color stretchable microLED display.
Figure 115. Schematic of Micro Nitride chip architecture.
Figure 116. Nationstar Mini LED IMD Package P0.5mm.
Figure 117. 55” flexible AM panel.
Figure 118. 9.4" flexible Micro-LED display.
Figure 119. 7.56-inch transparent Micro-led display.
Figure 120. PixeLED Matrix Modular Micro-LED Display in 132-inch.
Figure 121. Dashboard - 11.6-inch 24:9 Automotive Micro-LED Display.
Figure 122. Center Console - 9.38-inch Transparent Micro-LED Display.
Figure 123. 48 x 36 Passive Matrix Micro-LED display.
Figure 124. Meta’s Orion AR glasses prototype.
Figure 125. 625 nm red light micro-LED.
Figure 126. Micro-LED micro display based on a native red InGaN LED.
Figure 127. Micro-LED stretchable display.
Figure 128. The Wall.
Figure 129. Samsung Neo QLED 8K.
Figure 130. Samsung Display microLED wearable display prototype.
Figure 131. NPQD™ Technology for Micro-LEDs.
Figure 132. Wicop technology.
Figure 133. Smartkem prototype microLED display.
Figure 134.  B-Series and C-Series displays.
Figure 135.  A micro-display with a stacked-RGB pixel array, where each pixel is an RGB-emitting stacked Micro-LED device (left). The micro-display showing a video of fireworks at night, demonstrating the full-colour capability (right). N.B. Areas around the display/
Figure 136. TCL Mini-LED TV schematic.
Figure 137. TCL 8K Mini-LED TV.
Figure 138. The Cinema Wall Micro-LED display.
Figure 139. Photo-polymer mass transfer process.
Figure 140. 7.56” Transparent Display.
Figure 141. 7.56" Flexible Micro-LED.
Figure 142. 5.04" seamless splicing Micro-led.
Figure 143. 7.56" Transparent Micro-led.
Figure 144. UMini0.9 4K.
Figure 145. VueReal Flipchip Micro-LED (30x15 um2).
Figure 146. Vuzix uLED display engine.
Figure 147. Mi TV Master series.