This handbook explains the application of nanoparticles in medical diagnosis and treatment. It is a ready reference on the subject, starting with the introduction to nanoparticles and progressing to synthetic procedures for nanotherapeutics, human disease diagnosis and nanocarrier-based drug delivery.
The book also covers information about specific nanoparticle conjugates, in which nanoparticles are combined with drugs or nucleic acid strands (DNA, siRNAs, shRNAs, miRNAs) as well as topics relevant to this field such as immunotherapy and vaccination development strategies. Each chapter also provides references for further reading.
A Comprehensive Guide to Nanoparticles in Medicine is an ideal resource for scholars in the fields of medicine, pharmacology and biotechnology who require an understanding about some basic facets of nanoparticles.
The book also covers information about specific nanoparticle conjugates, in which nanoparticles are combined with drugs or nucleic acid strands (DNA, siRNAs, shRNAs, miRNAs) as well as topics relevant to this field such as immunotherapy and vaccination development strategies. Each chapter also provides references for further reading.
A Comprehensive Guide to Nanoparticles in Medicine is an ideal resource for scholars in the fields of medicine, pharmacology and biotechnology who require an understanding about some basic facets of nanoparticles.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction of Nanoparticles in Medicine- Introduction
- References
Chapter 2 The Procedure of Synthesis of Nanoparticles Used As
- Diagnostics and Therapy Available Till Date
- Introduction
- Chemical Methods of Nanoparticle Synthesis
- Co-Precipitation
- Sol-Gel Method
- Microemulsion Method
- Hydrothermal Technique
- Polyol Synthesis
- Microwave Assisted Synthesis
- Chemical Vapor Deposition (Cvd) & Chemical Vapor Synthesis (Cvs)
- Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (Pecvd)
- Physical Methods of Nanoparticle Synthesis
- High Energy Ball Milling
- Inert Gas Condensation
- Physical Vapor Deposition
- Laser Pyrolysis
- Flame Spray Pyrolysis
- Electrospraying
- Melt Blending
- Bio-Assisted Methods
- Biogenic Synthesis Using Microorganisms
- Biogenic Synthesis Using Bio-Molecules as the Templates
- Biogenic Synthesis Using Plant Extracts
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 3 Recent Progress of Nanoparticles Used in the Diagnosis Of Different Types of Diseases
- Introduction
- Nanoparticle Based Diagnosis
- Emission-Based Detection
- Fluorescence-Based Detection
- Colorimetric Detection
- Microarray Detection
- Magnetic-Based Detection
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri)
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)
- Electrochemical-Based Detection
- Gold Nanoparticles
- Silver Nanoparticle
- Quantum Dot Nanoparticles
- Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Ceo2 Nps)
- Mercury Selenide Nanoparticles (Hgse Nps)
- Copper-Based Nanoparticles (Cunps)
- Plasmonics-Based Detection
- Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers)
- Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (Seira)
- Metal Enhanced Fluorescence (Mef)
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 4 Drug Delivery Through Nanoparticle in Treatment Of Diseases
- Introduction
- Characteristics of Nanoparticle for the Fabrication of Drug
- Delivery Vehicle
- Size of Nanoparticles
- Surface Property of Nanoparticles
- Drug Loading and Release from the Nanoparticle
- Application of Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery
- Cancer Therapy
- Hiv and Aids Treatment
- Nutraceutical Delivery Through Nanoparticles
- Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery
- Organic Polymer Based Nanocarriers
- Chitosan
- Alginate
- Xanthan Gum
- Cellulose
- Liposomes
- Dendrimers
- Inorganic Nanoparticles
- Carbon Nanotubes
- Gold Nanoparticles
- Quantum Dots
- Superparamagnetic Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles
- Silica Nanoparticles
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 5 Nanoparticle-Dna Conjugate: The Treatment and Diagnostic Option for Future Cure of Diseases
- Introduction
- Dna-Nanoparticle Conjugates in Nanomedicine
- Dna-Gold Nanoparticle Conjugate
- Binding Between Dna and Gold Nanoparticle
- Application of Dna-Gold Nanoconjugate in Nucleic Acid Detection
- Application of Dna-Gold Nanoparticle for Colorimetric Detection of Miscellaneous
- Analytes
- Application of Dna-Gold Nanoconjugate for Gene and Drug Delivery
- Dna-Silver Conjugate Nanoparticle
- Plasmonic Application of Dna-Silver Nanoconjugate
- Dna-Magnetic Nanoparticle
- Gene Therapy
- Fluorescence Detection Method
- Dna-Platinum and Palladium Nanoparticles
- Electrochemical Detection
- Dna Detection in Chip Based Microarrays
- Dna-Quantum Dots Nanoconjugate
- Biosensing Application
- Gene Delivery and Therapeutics
- Dna-Carbon Nanotubes
- Chemical Biosensors
- Detection of Nucleic Acid Sequence
- Biological Transporters
- Dna-Chitosan Nanoparticle
- Gene Therapy
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 6 Nanoparticle Conjugated with Sirna for Treatment Of Different Types of Disease Conditions
- Introduction
- Sirnas as Potential Therapeutics
- Challenges in Delivery of Sirna
- Administrative Barrier
- Vascular Barrier
- Cellular Barriers
- Immune Response and Safety
- Overcoming the Major Barriers for Sirna Delivery
- Intravenous Administration
- Optimization of the Size of the Sirna Nanocarrier
- Endocytosis of Sirna-Nanoparticle Conjugate
- Overcoming the Immune Response
- Nanoparticle in Sirna Therapy
- Sirna-Silica Based Nanoconjugate
- Sirna-Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoconjugates
- Sirna-Carbon Based Nanoconjugates
- Sirna-Dendrimer Nanoconjugates
- Sirna-Polymer Nanoconjugate
- Sirna-Cyclodextrin Nanoconjugate
- Sirna-Lipid Based Nanoconjugates
- Sirna-Hydrogel Nanoconjugate
- Sirna-Quantum Dot Nanoconjugate
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 7 Shrna-Nanoparticle Conjugate as a Therapeutic Option
- Introduction
- Shrna-Nanoparticle Conjugates
- Inorganic Nanoconjugates
- Organic Nanoconjugates
- Polymeric Nanoconjugates
- Other Nanoparticle Conjugates
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 8 Mirna and Nanoparticle Conjugate as a Future Therapeutic
- Approach
- Introduction
- Tissue Specific Expression
- Circulation Mirnas
- Therapeutic Approaches Using Mirnas
- Mirna Suppression Therapy
- Mirna Replacement Therapy
- Challenges in Mirna Based Therapies
- Instability Within Blood Vascular System
- Reduced Intracellular Delivery
- Off Target Effects
- Nanoparticle Assisted Mirna Delivery
- Inorganic Nanoparticle Based Delivery of Mirna and Anti-Mirna
- Gold Nanoconjugate
- Graphine Nanoconjugate
- Mesoporous Silica Nanoconjugate
- Quantum Dot Nanoconjugate
- Magnetic Nanoconjugate
- Organic Nanoparticle Based Delivery of Mirna and Anti-Mirna
- Chitosan Based Nanoconjugate
- Lipid/Liposome Based Nanoconjugate
- Protein or Peptide Based Nanoconjugate
- Aptamers Nanoconjugate
- Polymeric Nanoparticle Based Delivery of Mirna and Anti-Mirna
- Polyethyleneimine Nanoconjugate
- Dendrimer Nanoconjugate
- Plga Based Nanoconjugate
- Cyclodextrin Nanoconjugate
- Challenges with Rna Nanotechnology
- Challenge in Rna Structure Prediction
- Stability of the Nanoconjugate
- In Vivo Half-Life and Retention Time of the Nanoconjugate
- Limited Carrying Capacity of the Nanoparticle
- Scaling Up of the Conjugate
- Hurdles in Endosomal Escape of the Payload
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 9 Nanoparticle Immunotherapy
- Introduction
- Nanoparticles in Immunotherapy
- Antigen Delivery by Nanoparticles
- Adjuvant Delivery by Nanoparticles
- Co-Delivery of Antigen and Adjuvant by Nanoparticles
- Activation of Dendritic Cells by Nanoparticles
- Change of Tumor Microenvironment by Nanoparticles
- Delivery of Antibodies by Nanoparticles
- Gene Delivery by Nanoparticles
- Cytokine Delivery by Nanoparticles
- Therapeutic Cellular Engineering by Nanoparticles
- Overcoming Immunosuppression by Nanoparticles
- Immune Check Point Inhibition by Nanoparticles
- Induced Immunogenic Cell Death by Nanoparticles
- Types of Nanoparticles in Immunotherapy
- Inorganic Nanoparticles
- Organic Nanoparticles
- Polymeric Nanoparticles
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 10 Nanoparticle Vaccines
- Introduction
- Characterization of Nanovaccines
- Size
- Surface Charge
- Shape
- Hydrophobicity
- Surface Modification
- Nanoparticle Vaccines
- Inorganic Nanoconjugates
- Organic Nanoconjugates
- Polymeric Nanoconjugates
- Immune Stimulator Using Nanocarrier
- Cytokines
- Toll Like Receptor Agonists
- Nucleic Acids
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 11 Conclusion
- Glossary
- Subject Index
Author
- Rituparna Acharya
