Adrenal Disorders. 100 Cases from the Adrenal Clinic

Table of Contents

Section A. Incidentally Discovered Adrenal Mass Case #1: 45-Year Old Woman with an Incidentally Discovered Large Adrenal Mass Case #2: Adrenal Mass in a Patient with History of Extra-adrenal Malignancy: the Role of Imaging Case #3: Incidentally Discovered Adrenal Mass in a Patient with History of Extra-adrenal Malignancy: the Role of Adrenal Biopsy Case #4: Nonfunctioning Lipid Rich Adrenocortical Adenoma-Role of Follow-up Case #5: 54-Year Old Woman with an Incidentally Discovered Adrenal Mass and Abnormal Dexamethasone Suppression Test: Role of Adrenalectomy Case #6: Lipid Poor Adrenal Masses-The Case for Aggressive Management Section B.�Primary Aldosteronism Case #7: Primary Aldosteronism-When Adrenal Venous Sampling is not Needed Before Unilateral Adrenalectomy Case #8: Primary Aldosteronism with Unilateral Adrenal Nodule on Computed Tomography Case #9: Primary Aldosteronism with Bilateral Adrenal Nodules on Computed Tomography Case #10: Primary Aldosteronism Caused by Unilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia Case #11: Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient with Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia and Associated Clinically Important Cortisol Co-secretion Case #12: Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient with an Adrenal Macroadenoma and Clinically Important Cortisol Co-secretion Case #13: Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient Treated with Spironolactone Case #14: Failed Catheterization of the Right Adrenal Vein-When Incomplete Adrenal Venous Sampling Data Can Be Used to Direct a Surgical Cure Case #15: Primary Aldosteronism: When Adrenal Venous Sampling Shows Suppressed Aldosterone Secretion From Both Adrenal Glands

Section C. ACTH-Independent Cushing Syndrome Case #16: 28-Year-Old Woman with Remote History of Adrenal Mass Presenting with New Onset Hypertension and Weight Gain Case #17: 26-Year-Old Woman with a Discrepant Work-up for Cushing Syndrome Subtype Case #18: 45-Year-Old Woman with Corticotropin-Independent Cushing Syndrome and Bilateral Adrenal Adenomas Case #19: Corticotropin-Independent Cushing Syndrome in a Patient with "Normal� Adrenal Imaging Case #20: 66-Year-Old Woman with Corticotropin-Independent Hypercortisolism and Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia Case #21: 35-Year-Old Woman with Low Bone Density and Fractures Case #22: Carney Triad (Pentad) and Adrenal Adenoma with Clinically Important Cortisol Secretory Autonomy �

Section D. Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma and Oncocytic Neoplasm Case #23: Adrenal cortical carcinoma in a patient with history of adrenal incidentaloma Case #24: Unexpected Diagnosis of Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma: Role of Urinary Steroid Profiling Case #25: Oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma Case #26: Mitotane therapy in the ENSAT Stage II Adrenocortical Carcinoma Case #27: Cortisol-Secreting Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma-Role for Surgical Debulking of the Primary Tumor Case #28: Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Severe Cushing Syndrome Case #29: Pure Aldosterone-Secreting Adrenocortical Carcinoma Case #30: Long-standing Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient Diagnosed with Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma Case #31: Adrenocortical Carcinoma Associated with Lynch Syndrome Case #32: Adrenocortical Carcinoma Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Case #33: Adrenocortical Carcinoma Presenting with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus Case #34: Management of Mitotane Therapy in Adrenocortical Carcinoma

Section E. Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Case #35: Most Pheochromocytomas Grow Slowly Case #36: The "Prebiochemical� Pheochromocytoma Case #37: Huge Catecholamine-Secreting Tumor Case#38: Metyrosine Use in a Patient with Metastatic Pheochromocytoma Case #39: Pheochromocytoma in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Case #40: New Diagnosis of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A in a Patient with Bilateral Pheochromocytomas Case #41: Pheochromocytoma in a Patient with von Hippel Lindau Disease Case #42: Bilateral Pheochromocytoma in a Patient with MYC-associated Protein X (MAX) Genetic Predisposition Case #43: The Cystic Pheochromocytoma Case #44: Skull Base and Neck Paragangliomas-Considerations for the Endocrinologist Case #45: Cardiac Paraganglioma. Case #46: Pheochromocytoma in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B Case #47: Metastatic Paraganglioma-An Approach to Management and the Use Serial Imaging to Assess Rate of Tumor Progression Case #48: Metastatic Pheochromocytoma-Role for 68-Ga DOTATATE PET CT Case #49: Carney Triad (Pentad) and Catecholamine-Secreting Paragangliomas Case #50: Metastatic Paraganglioma-Role For Systemic Chemotherapy Case #51: Cryoablation Therapy for Metastatic Paraganglioma Case #52: Paraganglioma in a patient with cyanotic cardiac disease Case #53: Metastatic Paraganglioma-Role For External Beam Radiation Therapy �

Section F. Corticotropin (ACTH)-Dependent Hypercortisolism Case #54:ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome can be frequently misdiagnosed Case #55: ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome-Role for Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling Case #56: ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome-When Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling is Not Needed Case #57: Severe ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome Due to a Pituitary Adenoma Ectopic Cushing Syndrome Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B Case #59: Ectopic Cushing Syndrome Treated with Cryoablation� Case #60: Cyclical Ectopic Cushing Syndrome Case #61: Mild Cushing Syndrome Associated with Ectopic Corticotropin Secretion Case #62: Bilateral Adrenal Cryoablation in Corticotropin-dependent Cushing Syndrome Case #63: Cushing Syndrome Associated with Ectopic Corticotropin and Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secreting Pheochromocytoma Case #64: Cushing Syndrome in the Setting of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

Section G. Other Adrenal Masses Case #65: Adrenal Myelolipoma-A Computed Tomography Diagnosis Case #66: Adrenal Schwannoma Case #67: Trauma-Related Unilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage Case #68: Bilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage Case #69: Primary Adrenal Teratoma Case #70: The Adrenal Stone Case #71: Simple Adrenal Cyst Case #72: Adrenal Cystic Lymphangioma Case #73: Adrenal Hemangioma Case #74: Adrenal Ganglioneuroma Case #75: 42-Year-Old Woman with a Large Adrenal Mass�� Case #76: Primary Adrenal Leiomyosarcoma Case #77: Primary Adrenal Lymphoma Case #78. 39-Year-Old Man with a Large Adrenal Mass� Case # 79: 59-Year-Old Man with Enlarging Bilateral Adrenal Masses� Case # 80: 65-Year-Old Man with Primary Adrenal Insufficiency�� Case #81: 47-Year-Old Man with Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Case #82: Bilateral Adrenal Myelolipoma-Think of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Case #83: A Unilateral Lipid Poor Adrenal Mass-An Atypical Presentation of Adrenal Histoplasmosis Case #84: Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia (BMAH) in the Setting of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Case #85: Pseudo-Adrenal Masses

Section H. Adrenal and Ovarian Hyperandrogenism Case #86:�A Huge Adrenal Myelolipoma in a Patient with a Suboptimally Controlled Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Case #87:�Balancing Glucocorticoid and Androgen Excess in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Case #88: Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S): The "Love it� or "Hate it� Hormone Case #89: Sorting out the Source of Androgen Excess in a Postmenopausal Woman with an Adrenal and an Ovarian Mass Case #90: Primary Testosterone-Secreting Adrenocortical Carcinoma in a Premenopausal Woman. Case #91: Premenopausal Woman with Testosterone-secreting Ovarian Tumor Case #92: Sorting out the Source of Androgen Excess in a Postmenopausal Woman with an Adrenal Mass Case #93: Testosterone-Secreting Benign Adrenal Adenoma in a Postmenopausal Woman

Section�I. Adrenal Disorders in Pregnancy Case #94: Malignant Pheochromocytoma in Pregnancy Case #95: Catecholamine-Secreting Paraganglioma in Pregnancy Case #96: The Peripartum Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma and a Genetic Mystery Solved Case #97. History of Pregnancy in a 41-Year-Old Woman with Undiagnosed Cushing syndrome Case #98:�Pregnancy in a Patient with Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Case #99: Pregnancy in a Patient with 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Case #100:�Primary Aldosteronism in Pregnancy

Authors