Overview
Given the various benefits offered, including high target specificity, customization potential and ability to generate immunological memory, regulatory T-cell (Treg) therapies have garnered significant attention among key industry stakeholders for the treatment of various oncological and non-oncological disease indications. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has estimated that, by 2030, over 22 million individuals are likely to be diagnosed with some form of cancer in the US alone. As a result of the growing patient population affected by this disease, there is a rise in the demand for effective treatment modalities. The conventional approaches, such as chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy, employed for the treatment of oncological indication(s) are considered to be inadequate, specifically for late-stage cancers. Therefore, in recent years, the focus of the research community has shifted towards the development of novel treatment modalities, such as Treg cell therapies, that exhibit high efficacy. The Tregs are a mature subpopulation of T-cells that play a critical role in mediating immunological tolerance to self-antigens and suppress immune responses that are harmful to the host, thereby, enabling a balance to homeostasis. In recent years, Treg based therapies have become a research hotspot in the field of immunotherapy due to their ability to prevent/delay graft rejection and control autoimmune responses generated post adoptive transfer in vivo.
Over time, more than 90 pharmaceutical companies and academic/research institutes have undertaken various initiatives to develop effective Treg cell therapies against multiple target indications. At present, the pipeline features close to 95 product candidates, and this number is anticipated to grow further in the foreseen future. Of the total candidates, more than 15 Treg therapies, including ALS001 (Coya Therapeutics), CLBS03 (Caladrius Biosciences), ILT-101 (ILTOO Pharma), NKTR-358 (Eli Lilly) and RGI-2001 (REGiMMUNE), are currently being evaluated in advanced stages of development. The growing interest of pharmaceutical stakeholders in this field is also reflected from the recent rise in clinical trials being registered for such candidates. Moreover, multiple collaborations have been inked between both industry and non-industry players in order to advance the development of various pipeline candidates, over the past decade. It is also worth highlighting that, in the last five years, capital investments worth around USD 3 billion have been made by strategic investors in this domain. We believe that this niche, but upcoming market, is poised to grow at a healthy pace over the next decade, with pioneers in the field likely to benefit from the first-to-market advantage.
Scope of the Report
The “Regulatory T-Cell Therapies Market by Target Indications (Crohn Disease, Bipolar Disorder, Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis, COVID 19, Diabetes Mellitus, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Alzheimer Disease and Graft Vs Host Disease), Key Players and Key Geographies (North America, Europe and Asia Pacific): Industry Trends and Global Forecast, 2021-2035” report features an extensive study of the current market landscape and the associated future potential. The report highlights efforts of both industry players and academic organizations.
Amongst other elements, the report features the following:
- A detailed overview of the current market landscape of Treg cell therapies, along with information on several relevant parameters, such as type of product (Tregs, interleukin 2, monoclonal antibodies, small molecules and others), phase of development (preclinical/discovery, phase I, phase I/II, phase II, phase II/III and phase III), therapeutic area (autoimmune disorders, oncological disorders, post-transplant infection, neurological disorders, metabolic disorders, dermatological disorders, infectious diseases, and others), target indication (diabetes mellitus, graft vs host diseases, post liver transplant infection, post kidney transplant infection, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, myelodysplastic syndromes, atopic dermatitis and acute myeloid leukemia), source of T-cells (autologous and allogeneic), route of administration (intravenous, subcutaneous and intramuscular), dose frequency (multiple dose and single dose), target patient segment (children, adults and elderly patients), type of therapy (monotherapy and combination therapy) and type of developer (industry and non-industry). In addition, it presents details of the companies developing Treg cell therapies, highlighting their year of establishment, company size, location of headquarters and most active players (in terms of number of pipeline candidates).
- An in-depth analysis of completed, ongoing and planned clinical studies of various Treg cell therapies, based on various relevant parameters, such as trial registration year, enrolled patient population, trial phase, trial recruitment status, study design, average time taken, target patient segment, gender of enrolled patients, type of sponsor/collaborator, leading industry players (in terms of number of trials conducted) and regional distribution of trials.
- An analysis of the recent partnerships inked between various players engaged in this domain, during the period 2015-2021 (till August). Additionally, it includes a brief description of various types of partnership models (such as R&D agreements, product development and commercialization agreements, licensing agreements, acquisitions, clinical trial agreements, and manufacturing agreements) that have been adopted by stakeholders, during the given period.
- A detailed analysis of various investments, such as seed financing, venture capital financing, capital raised from IPOs and subsequent public offerings, grants and debt financing that were undertaken by companies engaged in this domain, during the period 2014-2021 (till August).
- Detailed profiles of clinical stage Treg cell therapies (phase I/II or above); each profile features an overview of the therapy, along with information on clinical trials and its endpoints, dosage regimen, key insights and estimated sales revenues (if available).
- A qualitative analysis, highlighting the five competitive forces prevalent in this domain, including threats for new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, threats of substitute products and rivalry among existing competitors.
- Elaborate profiles of prominent players engaged in the development of Treg cell therapies. Each profile features a brief overview of the company, details related to its financials (if available), product portfolio and recent developments.
One of the key objectives of the report was to estimate the existing market size and identify potential growth opportunities associated with Treg cell therapies, over the coming decade. The report also includes likely sales forecasts of Treg cell therapies that are in the mid to late stages of development. Additionally, it features market size projections for the overall Treg cell therapies market, wherein both the current and upcoming opportunity is segmented across [A] target indication (Crohn Disease, Bipolar Disorder, Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis, COVID 19, Diabetes Mellitus, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Alzheimer Disease and Graft Vs Host Disease), [B] key players and [C] key geographies (North America, Europe and Asia Pacific). In order to account for future uncertainties and to add robustness to our model, we have provided three market forecast scenarios, namely the conservative, base and optimistic scenarios, which represent different tracks of the industry’s evolution.
The opinions and insights presented in this study were influenced by discussions conducted with stakeholders in this domain.
Key Questions Answered
- What are the prevalent R&D trends related to Treg cell therapies?
- What are the key therapeutic areas for which Treg cell therapies are being/have been developed?
- What are the key challenges faced by stakeholders engaged in this domain?
- Who are the leading industry and non-industry players engaged in the development of Treg cell therapies?
- What are the key geographies where research focused on Treg cell therapies is being conducted?
- What are the key value drivers that are likely to influence the evolution of this upcoming market?
- How is the current and future market opportunity likely to be distributed across key market segments?
Table of Contents
1. PREFACE
1.1. Scope of the Report
1.2. Research Methodology
1.3. Key Questions Answered
1.4. Chapter Outlines
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
3. INTRODUCTION
3.1. Overview of Regulatory T-Cell Therapies
3.2. Characteristics of Treg Cell Therapies
3.3. Function of Treg Cell Therapies
3.4 Mechanism of Action of Treg Cell Therapies
3.5 Advantages of Treg Cell Therapies
3.6 Challenges and Future Perspectives Associated with Treg Cell Therapies
4. MARKET LANDSCAPE
4.1. Treg Cell Therapies: Overall Market Landscape
4.1.1. Analysis by Type of Product
4.1.2. Analysis by Phase of Development
4.1.3. Analysis by Therapeutic Area
4.1.4. Analysis by Phase of Development and Therapeutic Area
4.1.5. Analysis by Target Indication
4.1.6. Analysis by Source of T-Cells
4.1.7. Analysis by Route of Administration
4.1.8. Analysis by Dose Frequency
4.1.9. Analysis by Target Patient Segment
4.1.10. Analysis by Type of Therapy
4.1.11. Analysis by Type of Developer
4.1.12. Leading Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Treg Cell Therapies
4.1.13. Leading Non-Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Treg Cell Therapies
4.2. Treg Cell Therapies: List of Developers
4.2.1. Analysis by Year of Establishment
4.2.2. Analysis by Company Size
4.2.3. Analysis by Location of Headquarters
4.2.4. Regional Landscape of Developers
5. THERAPY PROFILES
5.1. arTreg-CSB (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/Immune Tolerance Network)
5.1.1. Company Overview
5.1.2. Therapy Overview
5.1.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.1.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.1.5. Dosage Regimen
5.2. CLBS03 (Caladrius Biosciences)
5.2.1. Company Overview
5.2.2. Therapy Overview
5.2.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.2.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.2.5. Dosage Regimen
5.2.6. Key Insights
5.2.7. Estimated Sales Revenue
5.3. ILT-101 (Iltoo Pharma/Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris)
5.3.1. Company Overview
5.3.2. Therapy Overview
5.3.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.3.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.3.5. Dosage Regimen
5.3.6. Estimated Sales Revenue
5.4. Low Dose IL-2 (Iltoo Pharma/Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris)
5.4.1. Company Overview
5.4.2. Therapy Overview
5.4.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.4.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.4.5. Dosage Regimen
5.4.6. Key Insights
5.5. NKTR-358/LY3471851(Nektar Therapeutics/Eli Lilly)
5.5.1. Company Overview
5.5.2. Therapy Overview
5.5.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.5.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.5.5. Dosage Regimen
5.5.6 Key Insights
5.5.7. Estimated Sales Revenue
5.6. RGI-2001 (REGiMMUNE)
5.6.1. Company Overview
5.6.2. Therapy Overview
5.6.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.6.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.6.5. Dosage Regimen
5.6.6. Key Insights
5.6.7. Estimated Sales Revenue
5.7. rhIL-2 (Iltoo Pharma/Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris)
5.7.1. Company Overview
5.7.2. Therapy Overview
5.7.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.7.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.7.5. Dosage Regimen
5.7.6. Estimated Sales Revenue
5.8. TR004 (Miltenyi Biotec)
5.8.1. Company Overview
5.8.2. Therapy Overview
5.8.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.8.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.8.5. Dosage Regimen
5.8.6. Estimated Sales Revenue
5.9. TX200 (Sangamo Therapeutics)
5.9.1 Company Overview
5.9.2. Therapy Overview
5.9.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.9.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.9.5. Dosage Regimen
5.9.6. Key Insights
5.10. VT301/GB301 (VT Bio/BHT Lifescience Austrailia)
5.10.1. Company Overview
5.10.2. Therapy Overview
5.10.3. Clinical Trial Information
5.10.4. Clinical Trial Endpoints
5.10.5. Dosage Regimen
6. CLINICAL TRIAL ANALYSIS
6.1. Methodology and Parameters
6.2. Treg Cell Therapies: Snapshot of Clinical Trials (till July 2021)
6.2.1. Analysis by Trial Registration Year and Enrolled Patient Population
6.2.2. Analysis by Trial Phase
6.2.3. Analysis by Trial Phase and Enrolled Patient Population
6.2.4. Analysis by Trial Recruitment Status
6.2.5. Analysis by Year and Trial Recruitment Status
6.2.6. Analysis by Type of Allocation
6.2.7. Analysis by Purpose of Study
6.2.8. Analysis by Type of Masking
6.2.9 Analysis by Intervention Model
6.2.10. Analysis by Year and Trial Phase
6.2.11. Analysis by Year, Average Time Taken and Trial Phase
6.2.12. Analysis by Target Patient Segment
6.2.13. Analysis by Gender of Enrolled Patients
6.2.14. Analysis by Type of Sponsor(s)
6.2.15. Leading Non-Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Trials Registered
6.2.16. Leading Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Trials Registered
6.2.17. Analysis by Location of Trial
6.2.18. Analysis by Trial Status and Geography
7. PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATIONS
7.1. Chapter Overview
7.2. Treg Cell Therapies: Partnerships and Collaborations
7.2.1 Analysis by Year of Partnership
7.2.2. Analysis by Type of Partnership
7.2.3. Analysis by Year and Type of Partnership
7.2.4. Analysis by Type of Product
7.2.5. Analysis by Year and Type of Product
7.2.6. Analysis by Therapeutic Area
7.2.7. Analysis by Type of Partner
7.2.8. Analysis by Type of Partner and Type of Partnership
7.2.9. Leading Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Partnerships
7.2.10. Region-wise Distribution
7.2.11. Country-wise Distribution
8. FUNDING AND INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
8.1. Chapter Overview
8.2. Treg Cell Therapies: Funding and Investment
8.2.1. Analysis by Year of Investment and Amount Invested
8.2.2. Analysis by Type of Funding
8.2.3. Analysis by Year of Investment and Type of Funding
8.2.4. Analysis by Type of Product
8.2.5. Analysis by Year of Investment and Type of Product
8.2.6. Analysis by Type of Investor
8.2.7. Leading Investors: Analysis by Number of Funding Instances
8.2.8. Leading Players: Analysis by Number of Funding Instances
8.2.9. Analysis by Geography
9. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
9.1. Chapter Overview
9.2. Methodology and Key Parameters
9.3 Porter’s Five Forces
9.3.1. Threat of New Entrants
9.3.2. Bargaining Power of Developers
9.3.3. Bargaining Power of Customers
9.3.4. Threat of Available Substitute Therapies
9.3.5. Rivalry Among Existing Competitors
10. COMPANY PROFILES
10.1. Abata Therapeutics
10.1.1. Company Overview
10.1.2. Key Insights
10.1.3. Product Portfolio
10.1.4 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
10.2. Cellenkos
10.2.1. Company Overview
10.2.2. Key Insights
10.2.3. Product Portfolio
10.2.4 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
10.3. Coya Therapeutics
10.3.1. Company Overview
10.3.2. Key Insights
10.3.3. Product Portfolio
10.3.4 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
10.4. ILTOO Pharma
10.4.1. Company Overview
10.4.2. Key Insights
10.4.3. Product Portfolio
10.4.4 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
10.5. NEKTAR
10.5.1. Company Overview
10.5.2. Key Insights
10.5.3. Product Portfolio
10.5.4 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
10.6. Roche
10.6.1. Company Overview
10.6.2. Key Insights
10.6.3. Financial Information
10.6.4 Product Portfolio
10.6.5 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
10.7. Sonoma Biotherapeutics
10.7.1. Company Overview
10.7.2. Key Insights
10.7.3. Product Portfolio
10.7.4 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
10.8. TeraImmune
10.8.1. Company Overview
10.8.2. Key Insights
10.8.3. Product Portfolio
10.8.4 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
10.9. TRACT Therapeutics
10.9.1. Company Overview
10.9.2. Key Insights
10.9.3. Product Portfolio
10.9.4 Recent Developments and Future Outlook
11. MARKET SIZING AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS
11.1. Forecast Methodology and Key Assumptions
11.2. Global Treg Cell Therapies Market, 2021-2030
11.2.1. Treg Cell Therapies Market: Analysis by Type of Product
11.2.2. Treg Cell Therapies Market: Analysis by Target Indication
11.2.3. Treg Cell Therapies Market: Analysis by Key Players
11.2.4. Treg Cell Therapies Market: Analysis by Geography
11.2.5. Treg Cell Therapies: Forecast of Individual Product Sales
11.2.5.1. CLBS03 (Caladrius Biosciences): Estimated Sales Revenues
11.2.5.2. ILT-101 (Iltoo Pharma/Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris): Estimated Sales Revenues
11.2.5.3. NKTR-358/LY3471851(Nektar Therapeutics/Eli Lilly): Estimated Sales Revenues
11.2.5.4. RGI-2001 (REGiMMUNE): Estimated Sales Revenues
11.2.5.5. rhIL-2 (Iltoo Pharma/Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris): Estimated Sales Revenues
11.2.5.6. TR004 (Miltenyi Biotec): Estimated Sales Revenues
11.2.5.7. VT301/GB301 (VT Bio/BHT Lifescience Australia): Estimated Sales Revenues
12. CONCLUSION
13. EXECUTIVE INSIGHTS
13.1. Chapter Overview
13.2. Oncurious
13.2.1. Company Snapshot
13.2.2. Interview Transcript: Pascal Merchiers, Chief Scientific Officer
14. APPENDICES
14.1 Miscellaneous Charts and Figures
14.2 List of Figures
14.3 List of Tables
Companies Mentioned (Partial List)
A selection of companies mentioned in this report includes, but is not limited to:
- 8VC
- Abata Therapeutics
- Abingworth
- Accelerate NY Seed Fund
- Access Biotechnology
- ADC Therapeutics
- Advantech Capital
- Advent France Biotechnology
- Agenus
- Ain Shams University
- Alderaan Biotechnology
- Alexandria Venture Investments
- Allele Capital Partners
- Alliancells-PuRui Biocience
- Ankara University
- ARCH Venture Partners
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
- Assiut University
- Autoimmunity Centers of Excellence (ACE)
- Avidity Partners
- Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita Sant'Anna
- Baylor College of Medicine
- Bayside Health & Rehabilitation Center
- BeiGene
- Beijing Ditan Hospital
- Beijing Tongren Hospital
- Belgian Hematology Society
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason (BRI)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
- BHT LIFESCIENCE AUSTRALIA
- Bioinova
- Boston Children's Hospital
- Boston Immune Technologies and Therapeutics (BITT)
- Boxer Capital
- Bpifrance
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Brugmann University Hospital
- Cairo University
- Caladrius Biosciences
- California Institute for Regenerative Medicine
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
- Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas
- CDH Investments
- Celgene
- Celldex Therapeutics
- Cellenkos
- Center Eugene Marquis
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy
- Central South University
- Centre Hospitalier du Valais Romand
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NÄ«mes
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical
- China Life Private Equity Investment Company
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
- Chulalongkorn University
- Country Garden Venture Capital
- Coya Therapeutics
- CRISPR Therapeutics
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
- DCVC Bio
- Diabetes Research Institute Foundation Canada (DRIFCan)
- Duke University
- Dutch Cancer Society
- EcoR1 Capital
- EDBI
- Efung Capital
- Egle Therapeutics
- EGP
- ElevateBio
- Eli Lilly
- Emerson Collective
- Emory University School of Medicine
- Entos Pharmaceuticals
- EpiVax
- European Commission
- F2 Ventures
- FairJourney Biologics
- Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (FKUI)
- Fidelity Research & Management Company
- Flanders Innovation and Entrepreneurship
- Fondation ARSEP
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
- Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla
- Forge Biologics
- Franklin Templeton Investments
- Friedreich’s Ataxia Research Alliance (FARA)
- FUNDACION FAMILIA ALONSO
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Gestión de la (FISEVI)
- GEMABIOTECH
- GentiBio
- GIC
- Gilead Sciences
- Greater Bay Area Investments Groups
- Greater Paris University Hospitals
- GTJA Investment Group
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
- Hackensack Meridian Health
- Hanmi Pharmaceuticals
- Hannover Medical School
- Harbour BioMed
- Hatteras Venture Partners
- Hoffmann-La Roche
- Horatio Ventures NYC.
- Hospital de Santa Maria
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón
- Hualan Genetic
- Hudson Bay Capital
- Hunan Xeno Life Science
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- ILTOO Pharma
- Immune Tolerance Network
- Imperial College London
- Indoor Biotechnologies
- Incyte
- Inria
- Inserm
- Institut Polyclinique de Cannes (IPOCA)
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular JoÃo Lobo Antunes
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- IONTAS
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa (IPO Lisboa)
- Instituto Portugues De Oncologia Do Porto Francisco Gentil
- IQVIA
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
- IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo
- ITOCHU
- Japan Asia Investment
- JDRF T1D Fund
- Tianhe Stem Cell Biotechnologies
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Jounce Therapeutics
- JT New Century
- Jules Bordet Institute
- Junten Bio
- Juntendo University
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation
- Kaiser Foundation Hospital
- Kaiser Permanente
- King's College London
- Kurume University
- Kyverna Therapeutics
- Lausanne University Hospital
- Legend Capital
- Liana's Dream Foundation
- LifeForce Capital
- Lightspeed Venture Partners
- Lilly Asia Ventures
- Loyola University
- Lyell Immunopharma
- MD Anderson Cancer Center
- Maastricht University Medical Center
- Mahidol University
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital
- MANRESANA de MICOBACTERIOLOGIA
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
- Matrix Capital Management
- MD Anderson Cancer Center
- Medical Research Council
- Medical University of Graz
- Medical University of Lodz
- Medical University of Vienna
- Medicxi
- Mesoblast
- Methodist Health System
- MIGAL Galilee Research Institute
- Milky Way Ventures
- Miltenyi Biomedicine
- Miltenyi Biotech
- Mission BioCapital (formerly known as BioInnovation Capital)
- Mogrify
- Moleculin Biotech
- Morningside Venture Investments
- Mount Sinai Hospital
- MPM Capital
- Mubadala Investment Company
- Nanjing Medical University
- National Cancer Institute
- National Health Security Office (NHSO)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- National Institute for Health Research
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- NIH Clinical Center (CC)
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- National Taiwan University Hospital
- ND Capital
- Nektar Therapeutics
- New Enterprise Associates
- New Leaf Venture Partners
- NextWavebio
- Nicoya Lifesciences
- Northeast Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Consortium (NEALS)
- Northwestern University
- Nova Immunotherapeutics
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals
- Novartis Venture Fund
- Numeric Biotech
- NYU Langone’s Perlmutter Cancer Center
- Octagon Capital
- Oncurious
- OrbiMed
- Orbis Medical Centre
- Orca Bio
- Pandion Therapeutics (acquired by Merck)
- Pierre and Marie Curie University
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- PLA Navy General Hospital
- Polaris Partners
- Prometheus Laboratories
- Quell Therapeutics
- RA Capital Management
- Radboud University
- Rapa Therapeutics
- RAPT Therapeutics
- Redmile Group
- REGiMMUNE
- Rho Federal Systems Division
- Roche
- Royan Institute
- Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
- Sage Partners
- Samsara BioCapital
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute
- Sanford health
- Sangamo Therapeutics
- Scale AI
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute
- Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
- Selexis
- Servier
- Seventh Framework Programme
- Shandong University
- Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Meridian
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience
- Sir Jules Thorn Charitable Trust
- SK Holdings
- Small Business Administration
- Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)
- SMBC Venture Capital
- Sonoma Biotherapeutics
- SR One
- St George Street Capital
- St. George's Hospital
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
- Stanford University
- State-Financed Health Facility “Samara Regional Medical Center Dinasty”
- Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC)
- Surveyor Capital
- Syncona
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Takeda
- Tanta University
- Targazyme
- TeraImmune
- The Egyptian IVF-ET Center
- The Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
- The Invus Group
- The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute
- TRACT Therapeutics
- TregTherapeutics
- Tusk Therapeutics (acquired by Roche)
- TxCell
- University Hospital Regensburg
- University Hospital of Bordeaux
- University Hospital of Montpellier
- University of Alberta
- University of Bergen
- University of Bologona
- University of California, San Francisco
- University of Cambridge
- University of Chicago
- University of Colorado
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- University of Illinois Chicago
- University of Kentucky
- University of Liege
- University of London
- University of lowa College of Pharmacy
- University of Minnesota
- University Of Minnesota Medical School
- University of Nottingham
- University of Naples Federico II
- University of Perugia
- University of Regensburg
- University of Texas
- University of Texas
- University of Washington
- University of Zurich
- Université Paris-Est Créteil
- VA Office of Research and Development
- Versant Ventures
- Vertex Ventures
- Vida Ventures
- Vir Biotechnology
- VT BIO
- Washington University School of Medicine
- Wellcome Trust
- Westlake Village BioPartners
- Xian Janssen Pharmaceutical
- Yale University
- Zhejiang University
- Zheshang Venture Capital
- Zhongyuan Union Stem Cell Bioengineering
Methodology
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