The book has been streamlined and fully updated to provide a comprehensive yet concise guide for all medical practitioners and health-care professionals who deal with poisonings. It contains quickly accessible information on poisons, toxins, antidotes, envenomings and antivenoms, and uses a structured and rigorous risk assessment-based approach to guide appropriate treatment decisions.
Written by leading Australian specialists in toxicology and informed by the latest clinical research, this is a must-have addition to all emergency departments and poison information centres.
- Concisely written: helps the student, trainee, and clinician to find information quickly and easily - A simple, easily remembered and elegant framework (R RSI DEAD) forming the basis of care for all toxicology patients - Fully revised content, streamlined to be more user-friendly - Evidence based and up to date - supports appropriate decision making - Helps resolve common treatment dilemmas, including for digoxin and lithium poisoning, corrosive ingestions and management of envenomings - Written and edited by experts in the field of toxicology - An eBook included in all print purchases - Expanded information on agents that are seen with increasing frequency in poisoned patients, including lamotrigine and pregabalin - Updated detail on the management of agents including direct oral anticoagulants, digoxin, desvenlafaxine and corrosives - Updated and standardised treatment recommendations for dysrhythmias, particularly resulting from drug-induced conduction abnormalities (QRS and QT prolongation) - Simplified and standardised approaches to management (particularly cardiovascular toxicity from a variety of agents)
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 APPROACH TO THE POISONED PATIENT 1.1�Overview 1.2�Resuscitation 1.3�Risk assessment 1.4�Supportive care and monitoring 1.5�Investigations 1.6�Gastrointestinal decontamination 1.7�Enhanced elimination 1.8�Antidotes 1.9�Description
CHAPTER 2 SPECIFIC CONSIDERATIONS 2.1�Coma 2.2�Hypotension 2.3�Seizures 2.4�Approach to delirium 2.5�Serotonin toxicity 2.6�Anticholinergic toxicity 2.7�Cholinergic toxicity 2.8�Neuroleptic malignant syndrome 2.9�Alcohol use disorder 2.10�Amphetamine use disorder� 2.11�Opioid use disorder 2.12�Sedative-hypnotic use disorder 2.13�Solvent abuse 2.14�Body packers and stuffers 2.15�Osmolar gap 2.16�Acid-base disorders� 2.17�The 12-lead ECG in toxicology 2.18�Approach to mushroom poisoning 2.19�Approach to plant poisoning 2.20�Poisoning during pregnancy and lactation 2.21�Poisoning in children 2.22�Poisoning in the elderly
CHAPTER 3 SPECIFIC TOXINS 3.1�Alcohol: Ethanol 3.2�Alcohol: Ethylene glycol 3.3�Alcohol: Isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol) 3.4�Alcohol: Methanol (methyl alcohol) 3.5�Alcohol: Other toxic alcohols 3.6�Amisulpride 3.7�Amphetamines and amphetamine-like substances 3.8�Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) 3.9�Anticoagulant rodenticides 3.10�Anticonvulsants: Newer agents 3.11�Antihistamines (non-sedating) 3.12�Antihistamines (sedating) 3.13�Arsenic 3.14�Baclofen 3.15�Barbiturates 3.16�Benzodiazepines 3.17�Benztropine 3.18�Beta-blockers 3.19�Bupropion 3.20�Button batteries 3.21�Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) 3.22�Cannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) 3.23�Carbamazepine 3.24�Carbon monoxide 3.25�Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine 3.26�Chloral hydrate 3.27�Clonidine and other central ?2-adrenergic agonists 3.28�Clozapine 3.29�Cocaine 3.30�Colchicine 3.31�Corrosives 3.32�Cyanide 3.33�Digoxin: Acute overdose 3.34�Digoxin: Chronic poisoning 3.35�Diphenoxylate-atropine 3.36�Direct oral anticoagulants 3.37�Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) 3.38�Glyphosate 3.39�Hydrocarbons 3.40�Hydrofluoric acid 3.41�Hydrogen peroxide 3.42�Insulin 3.43�Iron 3.44�Isoniazid 3.45�Lamotrigine 3.46�Lead 3.47�Lithium: Acute overdose 3.48�Lithium: Chronic poisoning 3.49�Local anaesthetic agents 3.50�Mercury 3.51�Metformin 3.52�Methotrexate 3.53�Mirtazapine 3.54�Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) 3.55�Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 3.56�Olanzapine 3.57�Opioids 3.58�Organochlorines 3.59�Organophosphorus agents (organophosphates and carbamates) 3.60�Paracetamol: Immediate-release preparations (acute overdose) 3.61�Paracetamol: Modified-release formulations 3.62�Paracetamol: Repeated supratherapeutic ingestion 3.63�Paraquat 3.64�Phenothiazines and butyrophenones (antipsychotic agents) 3.65�Phenytoin 3.66�Potassium chloride 3.67�Pregabalin 3.68�Quetiapine� 3.69�Quinine 3.70�Risperidone 3.71�Salicylates 3.72�Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) 3.73�Strychnine 3.74�Sulfonylureas 3.75�Theophylline 3.76�Thyroxine 3.77�Tramadol and tapentadol 3.78�Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) 3.79�Valproic acid (sodium valproate)� 3.80�Venlafaxine and desvenlafaxine 3.81�Warfarin
CHAPTER 4 ANTIDOTES 4.1�Atropine 4.2�Calcium 4.3�Cyproheptadine 4.4�Desferrioxamine 4.5�Digoxin immune fab 4.6�Dimercaprol 4.7�DMSA (succimer) and DMPS (unithiol) 4.8�Ethanol 4.9�Flumazenil 4.10�Folinic acid 4.11�Fomepizole 4.12�Glucose 4.13�Hydroxocobalamin 4.14�Insulin (high-dose) 4.15�Intravenous lipid emulsion 4.16�Methylene blue 4.17�N-acetylcysteine 4.18�Naloxone� 4.19�Octreotide 4.20�Penicillamine 4.21�Physostigmine 4.22�Pralidoxime 4.23�Pyridoxine 4.24�Sodium bicarbonate 4.25�Sodium calcium edetate 4.26�Sodium thiosulfate 4.27�Vitamin K
CHAPTER 5 ENVENOMINGS 5.1�Approach to snakebite 5.2�Black snake 5.3�Brown snake 5.4�Death adder 5.5�Tiger snake group 5.6�Taipan 5.7�Sea snakes 5.8�Australian scorpions 5.9�Bluebottle jellyfish (Physalia species) 5.10�Stonefish 5.11�Box jellyfish 5.12�Irukandji syndrome 5.13�Blue-ringed octopus 5.14�Redback spider 5.15�Funnel-web (big black) spider 5.16�White-tailed spider 5.17�Ticks
CHAPTER 6 ANTIVENOMS 6.1�Black Snake Antivenom 6.2�Brown Snake Antivenom 6.3�Death Adder Antivenom 6.4�Tiger Snake Antivenom 6.5�Taipan Antivenom 6.6�Sea Snake Antivenom 6.7�Polyvalent Snake Antivenom 6.8�Stonefish Antivenom 6.9�Box Jellyfish Antivenom 6.10�Redback Spider Antivenom 6.11�Funnel-Web Spider Antivenom 6.12��� Allergic Reactions to Antivenom
