The field of sleep medicine has gone through tremendous evolution since the discovery of REM sleep in 1953 and remarkable research in recent years has led to multiple advances in sleep medicine. Approvals for new medicines for treating sleep disorders along with new evidence-based interventions for insomnia and sleep apnea, have transformed sleep medicine into a medical specialty in its own right.
The Latest Trends in Sleep Medicine reviews the most important improvements in sleep medicine, with contributions from over fifteen international and respected experts in the discipline. Ten chapters cover topics of interest to healthcare professionals who are focused on somnology such as the management of sleep disorders, restless leg syndrome, sleep apnea medication and surgery, REM sleep behavior disorder and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. In addition to these topics in medicine, the contributors present broader picture of sleep medicine by reviewing secondary topics such as sleep and aging, and driving safety.
The Latest Trends in Sleep Medicine will be useful to healthcare professionals seeking to improve their understanding about contemporary sleep medicine. It also serves as a timely update for respiratory and sleep medicine clinicians, whose efforts are still needed in treating and improving the quality and length of life in patients with complex sleep disorders.
The Latest Trends in Sleep Medicine reviews the most important improvements in sleep medicine, with contributions from over fifteen international and respected experts in the discipline. Ten chapters cover topics of interest to healthcare professionals who are focused on somnology such as the management of sleep disorders, restless leg syndrome, sleep apnea medication and surgery, REM sleep behavior disorder and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. In addition to these topics in medicine, the contributors present broader picture of sleep medicine by reviewing secondary topics such as sleep and aging, and driving safety.
The Latest Trends in Sleep Medicine will be useful to healthcare professionals seeking to improve their understanding about contemporary sleep medicine. It also serves as a timely update for respiratory and sleep medicine clinicians, whose efforts are still needed in treating and improving the quality and length of life in patients with complex sleep disorders.
Table of Contents
PREFACECHAPTER 1 MANAGEMENT OF NON-NARCOLEPSY HYPERSOMNIA AND EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS
- INTRODUCTION
- IDIOPATHIC HYPERSOMNIA
- Modafinil
- Sympathomimetic Psychostimulants
- Solriamfetol
- Pitolisant
- Flumazenil
- Clarithromycin
- Sodium Oxybate
- Other Strategies
- KLEINE–LEVIN SYNDROME
- HYPERSOMNIA DUE TO A MEDICAL OR NEUROLOGIC DISEASE
- HYPERSOMNIA SECONDARY TO PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS
- HYPERSOMNIA DUE TO A MEDICATION OR SUBSTANCE AND INSUFFICIENT SLEEP SYNDROME
- CONCLUSION
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 2 CIRCADIAN SLEEP DISORDERS
- Lawrence Chan and Meena Khan INTRODUCTION
- Delayed Sleep Phase
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Pathophysiology
- Genetic Associations
- Management
- Advanced Sleep Phase
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Pathophysiology/Genetic Associations
- Management
- Non-24 Hour Sleep Phase
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Pathophysiology
- Genetic Associations
- Management
- Irregular Sleep-wake Rhythm Disorder
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnostic Criteria
- PREFACE,,
- ii Pathophysiology
- Management
- Shift Work Syndrome
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Pathophysiology
- Management
- Jet Lag Disorder
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Pathophysiology
- Management
- CONCLUSION
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 3 RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME MANAGEMENT
- Shaden O. Qasrawi and Ahmed S. BaHammam INTRODUCTION
- RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME (RLS) MANAGEMENT
- Non-pharmacological Therapy
- Iron Replacement
- Overview of Pharmacological Therapy for RLS
- Dopaminergic Agents
- Alpha-2 Delta Calcium Channel Ligands
- Pregabalin
- Gabapentin
- Gabapentin Enacarbil
- Benzodiazepines
- Opioids
- Other Drugs
- Duration of Therapy and Follow-up
- Treatment Complications
- Augmentation
- End-of-Dose Rebound
- Tolerance and Loss of Efficacy
- Impulse Control Disorders
- Weight Gain
- Mood Changes
- Special Populations
- Pregnancy and Lactation
- End-stage Renal Disease
- CONCLUSION
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 4 SLEEP AND DRIVING SAFETY
- Aneesa Das and Nancy Collop INTRODUCTION
- SLEEP NEEDS AND CIRCADIAN INFLUENCES
- Homeostatic Influence
- Circadian Influence
- Techniques to Optimize Alertness and Safety While Driving
- Laws Regarding Driving Safety
- Industry Standards for Safe Driving
- SLEEP DISORDERS THAT CAN AFFECT DRIVING SAFETY
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Hypersomnia Disorders
- Circadian Rhythm Disorders
- CONCLUSION
- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 5 SLEEP APNEA, ARRHYTHMIAS AND SUDDEN DEATH
- Cheryl Augenstein and Imran H. Iftikhar INTRODUCTION
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS
- Immediate Sleep-disordered Breathing Consequences
- Autonomic Nervous System Alterations
- Hypoxia
- Intrathoracic Pressure Changes
- Intermediate Sleep-disordered Breathing Mechanisms
- Systemic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
- Prothrombotic State
- Chronic Sleep-disordered Breathing Mechanisms
- Cardiac Structural and Electrical Remodeling
- ROLE OF CARDIAC IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES IN SLEEP APNEA DETECTION
- CPAP TREATMENT AND ARRHYTHMIAS
- SLEEP APNEA AND SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
- CONCLUSION
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 6 TRANSVENOUS PHRENIC NERVE STIMULATION FOR CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA
- William J. Healy and Rami Khayat INTRODUCTION
- DEFINITIONS AND CRITERIA FOR CSA
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CENTRAL APNEA DURING SLEEP
- CONSEQUENCES OF CSA AND RATIONALE FOR TREATMENT
- CURRENT STATE OF TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR CSA
- TRANSVENOUS PHRENIC NERVE STIMULATION FOR CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA 96 Background
- Validation of TPNS for Treatment of Moderate to Severe CSA
- Pivotal Trial for TPNS
- Mechanism of Effect
- CANDIDATE SELECTION
- IMPLANTING AND ACTIVATION
- CONCLUSION
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 7 REM SLEEP BEHAVIOR DISORDER: DIAGNOSIS, EPIDEMIOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
- John DuBose and Emmanuel During INTRODUCTION
- DIAGNOSIS
- Clinical Diagnosis
- Polysomnographic Diagnosis (RSWA)
- THE SPECIFIC CASE OF IDIOPATHIC RBD: PRESENTATION AND NATURAL HISTORY
- Clinical Features
- Conversion to Synucleinopathy
- Predicting Conversion and Subtype
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- Adult General Population
- Adult Clinic Population
- α-Synucleinopathies
- Psychiatric Population: PTSD and Antidepressants
- Narcolepsy
- Gender Differences
- MANAGEMENT
- Safety Measures
- Pharmacotherapy
- Melatonin
- Clonazepam
- Transdermal Rivastigmine
- Pramipexole
- Sodium Oxybate
- Other Agents
- Prognosis and Counselling
- CONCLUSION
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 8 SURGICAL TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
- Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE)
- Surgical Treatment Options
- Nasal Cavity
- Palatal/Pharyngeal Procedures
Author
- Imran H. Iftikhar
- Ali I. Musani
