Long-standing artworks and monuments show the wisdom and cultural identity of an ancient society along with the educational, material and spiritual merits of the people of that time. However, many historical artifacts and cultural monuments have been eroded over time and are in danger of deterioration beyond repair. There is a need to protect and conserve these artifacts. Restoration and preservation requires a multidisciplinary understanding of the inherent properties of these works based on the type of material and sufficient information in the properties of protective and conservation materials and research methods.
Protective Material Coatings For Preserving Cultural Heritage Monuments and Artwork aims to familiarize students with the recent practices in conservation and restoration science in recent years by presenting a modern orientation on the subject focused on material coatings. Readers will be able to understand the properties of different materials in antique objects and how to adopt appropriate treatment methods based on these properties.
This book consists of 5 chapters. In the first chapter, materials analysis techniques are described for historical monuments along with coatings used to preserve them. The second chapter introduces the properties of metals, alloys, and their common corrosion and explains protection strategies for metal monuments. An emphasis is given to nanocomposite coatings to prevent decay, especially through electrochemical corrosion. Chapter 3 is devoted to studying natural leather and parchments and their conservation from damage by environmental factors such as UV radiation, temperature, and humidity. The fourth chapter deals with stone works, which are in many historical objects. Chapter 5 introduces the reader to additional preservation materials and innovative methods employed to protect historical monuments and cultural heritage sites. Information about the removal of materials, cleaning of improper prior repairs is also given.
Protective Material Coatings For Preserving Cultural Heritage Monuments and Artwork is an ideal book for students of archeology, architecture, materials science and contemporary arts courses who are required to learn about the techniques of preserving antique buildings and works of art. It also serves as a handy reference for professionals and general readers interested in the curation of museums and the conservation of buildings, and cultural heritage sites.
Protective Material Coatings For Preserving Cultural Heritage Monuments and Artwork aims to familiarize students with the recent practices in conservation and restoration science in recent years by presenting a modern orientation on the subject focused on material coatings. Readers will be able to understand the properties of different materials in antique objects and how to adopt appropriate treatment methods based on these properties.
This book consists of 5 chapters. In the first chapter, materials analysis techniques are described for historical monuments along with coatings used to preserve them. The second chapter introduces the properties of metals, alloys, and their common corrosion and explains protection strategies for metal monuments. An emphasis is given to nanocomposite coatings to prevent decay, especially through electrochemical corrosion. Chapter 3 is devoted to studying natural leather and parchments and their conservation from damage by environmental factors such as UV radiation, temperature, and humidity. The fourth chapter deals with stone works, which are in many historical objects. Chapter 5 introduces the reader to additional preservation materials and innovative methods employed to protect historical monuments and cultural heritage sites. Information about the removal of materials, cleaning of improper prior repairs is also given.
Protective Material Coatings For Preserving Cultural Heritage Monuments and Artwork is an ideal book for students of archeology, architecture, materials science and contemporary arts courses who are required to learn about the techniques of preserving antique buildings and works of art. It also serves as a handy reference for professionals and general readers interested in the curation of museums and the conservation of buildings, and cultural heritage sites.
Table of Contents
PREFACE- ii CHAPTER 1 INSTRUMENTAL TECHNIQUES FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF HISTORICAL MATERIALS: CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION
- INTRODUCTION
- Methods of Identifying the Type of Element
- Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
- Fluorescence of X-Rays
- Proton Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) and μ−PIXE Method
- Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS)
- Methods for Determining the Structure and Chemical Composition of Materials
- Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy
- Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy
- X-ray Diffraction Method
- Microscopic Methods
- Thermal Analysis
- Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA and DTG)
- Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 25 Dynamic Mechanical-Thermal Analysis
- Mechanical Tests
- Tensile Test
- Hardness Test
- Wear and Scratch Test
- Resistance Test Against Weathering Condition
- Resistance Test to Natural Weather Conditions
- Resistance Test for Artificial Weathering QUV/Spray
- Corrosion Resistance Tests
- Electrochemical Test
- Salt Spray Test
- Wettability by Contact Angle Measurement
- CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVE
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 2 CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION COATINGS FOR HISTORICAL METALLIC ARTWORKS
- INTRODUCTION
- General Characteristic of Metals
- Copper Metal and Alloys
- Brass
- Bronze
- Silver
- Gold
- Iron and Its Alloys
- Types of Conventional Corrosion in Iron Alloys
- Corrosion in a Dry Environment
- Corrosion in a Wet Environment
- Metal Corrosion Process with the Formation of Galvanic Cells
- 1- Contact Between Different Metals
- 2- Differences in the Chemical Composition of Phases
- 3- Hardworking on the Part of Metal or Alloy
- 4- Differences in Oxygen Concentration
- 5- Stress Cracking (SCC)
- Protective Coatings on Historical Metal Artifacts
- Protection Mechanism by the Protective Coatings
- Characteristics of Protective Coatings for Historical Metalworks
- Types of Protective Coatings for Metal Works
- Conservative Considerations
- Treatment of Bronze Objects and Electrochemical Methods
- Patina in Metal Alloys
- Inhibitor Coating
- Silanes and Fluoropolymers as Promising Coatings
- CONCLUSION
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 3 A SURVEY ON APPEARANCE CHANGES OF HISTORICAL PARCHMENT AND LEATHER BY THE SURFACE COATINGS
- INTRODUCTION
- Skin Structure
- The Epidermis or the Dead Outer Layer
- Derm or Middle Layer or Conium Cutis
- Reticular Layer
- End Layer or Hypodermis
- Parchment
- Ancient Inks
- Identification of the Common Skin Types
- Leather and its Various Types of Erosion
- Physical Erosion
- Chemical Erosion
- Protection
- Thermal Analysis Methods
- Protective Coatings (Dressing)
- The Effect of Aging on Color Change of Various Protective Materials
- Nanotechnology
- CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVE
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 4 CHALLENGES OF STONE ARTIFACTS PROTECTION AND PROVIDING THE SOLUTIONS USING CONSOLIDATION AND HYDROPHOBIC COATING TREATMENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- Protection Procedures
- Protection Materials
- Inorganic Strengthening Compounds
- Organic or Polymeric Consolidation
- Hybrid Nanocomposite Consolidation Materials
- Acrylic-Based Hybrid Nanocomposites
- Silane-Based Nanocomposites
- Waterproofing Treatment
- Cleaning Treatment
- Waterborne Hydrophobic Nanocomposite Coatings
- CONCLUSION
- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER 5 ORGANIC-INORGANIC NANOCOMPOSITES COATINGS IN CONSERVATION OF HISTORICAL MONUMENTS AND ARTWORKS
- INTRODUCTION
- Features of Protective Coatings
- Polymeric Materials
- Silanes and Siloxanes
- Sol-gel Process
- Epoxies
- Acrylics
- Inorganic Nanoparticles
- Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Coatings by Sol-gel Method
- Hydrophobic Coatings
- Preservation of Historical Ceramic with Water Repellent Coating
- Barrier Coatings
- UV Absorbing Coatings
- IR Absorbing Coatings
- Low Reflective Coatings
- Nanomaterials for Wall Paintings
- Use Grouts with Nanotechnology
- Cleaning the Aged Varnish from Surfaces of Paintings
- Deacidification of Cellulosic Materials
- CONCLUSION
- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
- CONFLICT OF INTEREST
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
- SUBJECT INDEX
Author
- Amir Ershad Langroudi
