The Global Market for Biobased and Biodegradable Plastics (Bioplastics): Current and Forecast to 2033

1.1 Market drivers and trends in Biobased and Biodegradable Plastics (Bioplastics)
1.2 Global production to 2033
1.3 Main producers and global production capacities
1.3.1 Producers
1.3.2 By biobased and biodegradable plastics type
1.3.3 By region
1.4 Global demand for Biobased and Biodegradable Plastics (Bioplastics), by market
1.5 Challenges for the Biobased and Biodegradable Plastics (Bioplastics) market

3.1 Global production of plastics
3.2 The importance of plastic
3.3 Issues with plastics use
3.4 Policy and regulations
3.5 The circular economy
3.6 Conventional polymer materials used in packaging
3.6.1 Polyolefins: Polypropylene and polyethylene
3.6.2 PET and other polyester polymers
3.6.3 Renewable and bio-based polymers for packaging
3.7 Comparison of synthetic fossil-based and bio-based polymers
3.8 End-of-life treatment of bioplastics

4.1 Types
4.2 Production capacities
4.3 Bio-based adipic acid
4.3.1 Applications and production
4.4 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA)
4.4.1 Applications and production
4.5 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO)
4.5.1 Applications and production
4.6 Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA)
4.6.1 Applications and production
4.7 Epichlorohydrin (ECH)
4.7.1 Applications and production
4.8 Ethylene
4.8.1 Applications and production
4.9 Furfural
4.9.1 Applications and production
4.10 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)
4.10.1 Applications and production
4.11 5-Chloromethylfurfural (5-CMF)
4.11.1 Applications and production
4.12 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA)
4.12.1 Applications and production
4.13 Furandicarboxylic methyl ester (FDME)
4.14 Isosorbide
4.14.1 Applications and production
4.15 Itaconic acid
4.15.1 Applications and production
4.16 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP)
4.16.1 Applications and production
4.17 5 Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF)
4.17.1 Applications and production
4.18 Lactic acid (D-LA)
4.18.1 Applications and production
4.19 Lactic acid - L-lactic acid (L-LA)
4.19.1 Applications and production
4.20 Lactide
4.20.1 Applications and production
4.21 Levoglucosenone
4.21.1 Applications and production
4.22 Levulinic acid
4.22.1 Applications and production
4.23 Monoethylene glycol (MEG)
4.23.1 Applications and production
4.24 Monopropylene glycol (MPG)
4.24.1 Applications and production
4.25 Muconic acid
4.25.1 Applications and production
4.26 Bio-Naphtha
4.26.1 Applications and production
4.26.2 Production capacities
4.26.3 Bio-naptha producers
4.27 Pentamethylene diisocyanate
4.27.1 Applications and production
4.28 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO)
4.28.1 Applications and production
4.29 Sebacic acid
4.29.1 Applications and production
4.30 Succinic acid (SA)
4.30.1 Applications and production

5.1 Bio-based or renewable plastics
5.1.1 Drop-in bio-based plastics
5.1.2 Novel bio-based plastics
5.2 Biodegradable and compostable plastics
5.2.1 Biodegradability
5.2.2 Compostability
5.3 Advantages and disadvantages
5.4 Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics
5.5 Market leaders by biobased and/or biodegradable plastic types
5.6 Regional/country production capacities, by main types
5.6.1 Bio-based Polyethylene (Bio-PE) production capacities, by country
5.6.2 Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) production capacities, by country
5.6.3 Bio-based polyamides (Bio-PA) production capacities, by country
5.6.4 Bio-based Polypropylene (Bio-PP) production capacities, by country
5.6.5 Bio-based Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT) production capacities, by country
5.6.6 Bio-based Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) production capacities, by country
5.6.7 Bio-based Polybutylene succinate (PBS) production capacities, by country
5.6.8 Bio-based Polylactic acid (PLA) production capacities, by country
5.6.9 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production capacities, by country
5.6.10 Starch blends production capacities, by country
5.7 SYNTHETIC BIO-BASED POLYMERS
5.7.1 Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA)
5.7.1.1 Market analysis
5.7.1.2 Production
5.7.1.3 Producers and production capacities, current and planned
5.7.1.3.1 Lactic acid producers and production capacities
5.7.1.3.2 PLA producers and production capacities
5.7.1.3.3 Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
5.7.2 Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET)
5.7.2.1 Market analysis
5.7.2.2 Producers and production capacities
5.7.2.3 Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
5.7.3 Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT)
5.7.3.1 Market analysis
5.7.3.2 Producers and production capacities
5.7.3.3 Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
5.7.4 Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF)
5.7.4.1 Market analysis
5.7.4.2 Comparative properties to PET
5.7.4.3 Producers and production capacities
5.7.4.3.1 FDCA and PEF producers and production capacities
5.7.4.3.2 Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
5.7.5 Polyamides (Bio-PA)
5.7.5.1 Market analysis
5.7.5.2 Producers and production capacities
5.7.5.3 Polyamides (Bio-PA) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
5.7.6 Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT)
5.7.6.1 Market analysis
5.7.6.2 Producers and production capacities
5.7.6.3 Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
5.7.7 Polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers
5.7.7.1 Market analysis
5.7.7.2 Producers and production capacities
5.7.7.3 Polybutylene succinate (PBS) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
5.7.8 Polyethylene (Bio-PE)
5.7.8.1 Market analysis
5.7.8.2 Producers and production capacities
5.7.8.3 Polyethylene (Bio-PE) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
5.7.9 Polypropylene (Bio-PP)
5.7.9.1 Market analysis
5.7.9.2 Producers and production capacities
5.7.9.3 Polypropylene (Bio-PP) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
5.8 NATURAL BIO-BASED POLYMERS
5.8.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
5.8.1.1 Technology description
5.8.1.2 Types
5.8.1.2.1 PHB
5.8.1.2.2 PHBV
5.8.1.3 Synthesis and production processes
5.8.1.4 Market analysis
5.8.1.5 Commercially available PHAs
5.8.1.6 Markets for PHAs
5.8.1.6.1 Packaging
5.8.1.6.2 Cosmetics
5.8.1.6.2.1 PHA microspheres
5.8.1.6.3 Medical
5.8.1.6.3.1 Tissue engineering
5.8.1.6.3.2 Drug delivery
5.8.1.6.4 Agriculture
5.8.1.6.4.1 Mulch film
5.8.1.6.4.2 Grow bags
5.8.1.7 Producers and production capacities
5.8.1.8 PHA production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
5.8.2 Polysaccharides
5.8.2.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)
5.8.2.1.1 Market analysis
5.8.2.1.2 Producers and production capacities
5.8.2.2 Nanocellulose
5.8.2.2.1 Cellulose nanocrystals
5.8.2.2.1.1 Synthesis
5.8.2.2.1.2 Properties
5.8.2.2.1.3 Production
5.8.2.2.1.4 Applications
5.8.2.2.1.5 Market analysis
5.8.2.2.1.6 Producers and production capacities
5.8.2.2.2 Cellulose nanofibers
5.8.2.2.2.1 Applications
5.8.2.2.2.2 Market analysis
5.8.2.2.2.3 Producers and production capacities
5.8.2.2.3 Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)
5.8.2.2.3.1 Production
5.8.2.2.3.2 Applications
5.8.3 Protein-based bioplastics
5.8.3.1 Types, applications and producers
5.8.4 Algal and fungal
5.8.4.1 Algal
5.8.4.1.1 Advantages
5.8.4.1.2 Production
5.8.4.1.3 Producers
5.8.4.2 Mycelium
5.8.4.2.1 Properties
5.8.4.2.2 Applications
5.8.4.2.3 Commercialization
5.8.5 Chitosan
5.8.5.1 Technology description
5.9 PRODUCTION OF BIOBASED AND SUSTAINABLE PLASTICS, BY REGION
5.9.1 North America
5.9.2 Europe
5.9.3 Asia-Pacific
5.9.3.1 China
5.9.3.2 Japan
5.9.3.3 Thailand
5.9.3.4 Indonesia
5.9.4 Latin America
5.10 MARKET SEGMENTATION OF BIOPLASTICS
5.10.1 Packaging
5.10.1.1 Processes for bioplastics in packaging
5.10.1.2 Applications
5.10.1.3 Flexible packaging
5.10.1.3.1 Production volumes 2019-2033
5.10.1.4 Rigid packaging
5.10.1.4.1 Production volumes 2019-2033
5.10.2 Consumer products
5.10.2.1 Applications
5.10.3 Automotive
5.10.3.1 Applications
5.10.3.2 Production capacities
5.10.4 Building & construction
5.10.4.1 Applications
5.10.4.2 Production capacities
5.10.5 Textiles
5.10.5.1 Apparel
5.10.5.2 Footwear
5.10.5.3 Medical textiles
5.10.5.4 Production capacities
5.10.6 Electronics
5.10.6.1 Applications
5.10.6.2 Production capacities
5.10.7 Agriculture and horticulture
5.10.7.1 Production capacities

Table 1. Market trends and drivers in biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics).
Table 2. Global production capacities of biobased and biodegradable plastics 2018-2033, in 1,000 tons.
Table 3. Global production capacities for biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics), by producers.
Table 4. Global production capacities of biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics) 2019-2033, by type, in 1,000 tons.
Table 5. Issues related to the use of plastics.
Table 6. Types of biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics).
Table 7. Comparison of synthetic fossil-based and bio-based polymers.
Table 8. List of Bio-based chemicals.
Table 9. Lactide applications.
Table 10. Biobased MEG producers capacities.
Table 11. Type of biodegradation.
Table 12. Advantages and disadvantages of biobased plastics compared to conventional plastics.
Table 13. Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics, applications.
Table 14. Market leader by Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastic types.
Table 15. Bioplastics regional production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Table 16. Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 17. Lactic acid producers and production capacities.
Table 18. PLA producers and production capacities.
Table 19. Planned PLA capacity expansions in China.
Table 20. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 21. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) producers and production capacities,
Table 22. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 23. Production capacities of Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), by leading producers.
Table 24. Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 25. PEF vs. PET.
Table 26. FDCA and PEF producers.
Table 27. Bio-based polyamides (Bio-PA) market analysis - manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 28. Leading Bio-PA producers production capacities.
Table 29. Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 30. Leading PBAT producers, production capacities and brands.
Table 31. Bio-PBS market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 32. Leading PBS producers and production capacities.
Table 33. Bio-based Polyethylene (Bio-PE) market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 34. Leading Bio-PE producers.
Table 35. Bio-PP market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 36. Leading Bio-PP producers and capacities.
Table 37.Types of PHAs and properties.
Table 38. Comparison of the physical properties of different PHAs with conventional petroleum-based polymers.
Table 39. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) extraction methods.
Table 40. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) market analysis.
Table 41. Commercially available PHAs.
Table 42. Markets and applications for PHAs.
Table 43. Applications, advantages and disadvantages of PHAs in packaging.
Table 44. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers.
Table 45. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Table 46. Leading MFC producers and capacities.
Table 47. Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC).
Table 48. CNC sources, size and yield.
Table 49. CNC properties.
Table 50. Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials.
Table 51. Applications of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC).
Table 52. Cellulose nanocrystals analysis.
Table 53: Cellulose nanocrystal production capacities and production process, by producer.
Table 54. Applications of cellulose nanofibers (CNF).
Table 55. Cellulose nanofibers market analysis.
Table 56. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes.
Table 57. Applications of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC).
Table 58. Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies.
Table 59. Types of algal and fungal based-bioplastics, applications and companies.
Table 60. Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size.
Table 61. Companies developing algal-based bioplastics.
Table 62. Overview of mycelium fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
Table 63. Companies developing mycelium-based bioplastics.
Table 64. Overview of chitosan-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
Table 65. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics in 2019-2033, by region, tons.
Table 66. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in North America.
Table 67. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Europe.
Table 68. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Asia-Pacific.
Table 69. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Latin America.
Table 70. Processes for bioplastics in packaging.
Table 71. Comparison of bioplastics’ (PLA and PHAs) properties to other common polymers used in product packaging.
Table 72. Typical applications for bioplastics in flexible packaging.
Table 73. Typical applications for bioplastics in rigid packaging.
Table 74. Granbio Nanocellulose Processes.
Table 75. Lactips plastic pellets.
Table 76. Oji Holdings CNF products.

Figure 1. Total global production capacities for biobased and biodegradable plastics, all types, 000 tons.
Figure 2. Global production capacities of biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics) 2018-2033, in 1,000 tons by biodegradable/non-biodegradable types.
Figure 3. Global production capacities of biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics) in 2019-2033, by type, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 4. Global production capacities of biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics) 2019-2033, by region, tonnes.
Figure 5. Current and future applications of biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics).
Figure 6. Global demand for biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics) by end user market, 2021
Figure 7. Global production capacities for biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics) by end user market 2019-2033, tons.
Figure 8. Challenges for the biobased and biodegradable plastics (bioplastics) market.
Figure 9. Global plastics production 1950-2020, millions of tons.
Figure 10. The circular plastic economy.
Figure 11. Routes for synthesizing polymers from fossil-based and bio-based resources.
Figure 12. Bio-based chemicals and feedstocks production capacities, 2018-2033.
Figure 13. Overview of Toray process. Overview of process
Figure 14. Production capacities for 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA).
Figure 15. 1,4-Butanediol (BDO) production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 16. Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA) production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 17. Epichlorohydrin production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 18. Ethylene production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 19. Potential industrial uses of 3-hydroxypropanoic acid.
Figure 20. L-lactic acid (L-LA) production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 21. Lactide production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 22. Bio-MEG production capacities, 2018-2033.
Figure 23. Bio-MPG production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 24. Biobased naphtha production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 25. Bio-naptha producers and production capacities.
Figure 26. 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 27. Sebacic acid production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes).
Figure 28. Coca-Cola PlantBottle®.
Figure 29. Interrelationship between conventional, bio-based and biodegradable plastics.
Figure 30. Bioplastics regional production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 31. Bio-based Polyethylene (Bio-PE), 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 32. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033
Figure 33. Bio-based polyamides (Bio-PA) production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 34. Bio-based Polypropylene (Bio-PP) production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 35. Bio-based Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT) production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 36. Bio-based Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 37. Bio-based Polybutylene succinate (PBS) production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 38. Bio-based Polylactic acid (PLA) production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 39. PHA production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 40. Starch blends production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
Figure 41. Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 42. Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons)
Figure 43. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 44. Production capacities of Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) to 2025.
Figure 45. Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 46. Polyamides (Bio-PA) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 47. Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 48. Polybutylene succinate (PBS) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 49. Polyethylene (Bio-PE) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 50. Polypropylene (Bio-PP) production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 51. PHA family.
Figure 52. PHA production capacities 2019-2033 (1,000 tons).
Figure 53. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals.
Figure 54. CNC preparation.
Figure 55. Extracting CNC from trees.
Figure 56. CNC slurry.
Figure 57. CNF gel.
Figure 58. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes
Figure 59. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix.
Figure 60. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam.
Figure 61. Commercial mycelium composite construction materials.
Figure 62. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2020.
Figure 63. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2025.
Figure 64. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2019-2033, 1,000 tons.
Figure 65. PHA bioplastics products.
Figure 66. Bioplastics for flexible packaging by bioplastic material type, 2019-2033 (‘000 tonnes).
Figure 67. Bioplastics for rigid packaging by bioplastic material type, 2019-2033 (‘000 tonnes).
Figure 68. Global bioplastic packaging by geographic market, 2023-2033 (‘000 tonnes).
Figure 69. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in consumer products 2019-2033, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 70. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in automotive 2019-2033, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 71. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in building and construction 2019-2033, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 72. AlgiKicks sneaker, made with the Algiknit biopolymer gel.
Figure 73. Reebok's [REE]GROW running shoes.
Figure 74. Camper Runner K21.
Figure 75. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in textiles 2019-2033, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 76. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in electronics 2019-2033, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 77. Biodegradable mulch films.
Figure 78. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in agriculture 2019-2033, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 79. Algiknit yarn.
Figure 80. Bio-PA rear bumper stay.
Figure 81. BIOLO e-commerce mailer bag made from PHA.
Figure 82. Reusable and recyclable foodservice cups, lids, and straws from Joinease Hong Kong Ltd., made with plant-based NuPlastiQ BioPolymer from BioLogiQ, Inc.
Figure 83. formicobio™ technology.
Figure 84. nanoforest-S.
Figure 85. nanoforest-PDP.
Figure 86. nanoforest-MB.
Figure 87. CuanSave film.
Figure 88. ELLEX products.
Figure 89. CNF-reinforced PP compounds.
Figure 90. Kirekira! toilet wipes.
Figure 91. Mushroom leather.
Figure 92. Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE).
Figure 93. PHA production process.
Figure 94. Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials.
Figure 95. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer).
Figure 96. CNF gel.
Figure 97. Block nanocellulose material.
Figure 98. CNF products developed by Hokuetsu.
Figure 99. Made of Air's HexChar panels.
Figure 100. TransLeather.
Figure 101. IPA synthesis method.
Figure 102. MOGU-Wave panels.
Figure 103. Reishi.
Figure 104. Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers.
Figure 105. Compostable water pod.
Figure 106. CNF clear sheets.
Figure 107. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product.
Figure 108. Manufacturing process for STARCEL.
Figure 109. Lyocell process.
Figure 110. Spider silk production.
Figure 111. Sulapac cosmetics containers.
Figure 112. Sulzer equipment for PLA polymerization processing.
Figure 113. Teijin bioplastic film for door handles.
Figure 114. Corbion FDCA production process.
Figure 115. traceless® hooks.
Figure 116. Visolis’ Hybrid Bio-Thermocatalytic Process.