Tissue injury and dysfunctioning commonly occurs in humans; however, not in all cases, the tissue regeneration capability of a human body is able to cope up with the damage caused. The conventional approach used to deal with this type of trauma involves transplantation of damaged tissues or organs; this is further associated with several limitations, including non-availability of compatible organ donor, risk of graft rejection (due to the body’s immunological reaction) and post-surgical infection / complication. Another tissue engineering approach involves the amalgamation of cells, biomolecules and growth factors with scaffolds, in order to develop a three-dimensional (3D) functional tissue that mimics the human tissue. However, this technique is less effective, time consuming and can lead to non-homogenous distribution of cells in the matrix, making it logistically and financially non-feasible for clinical applications. To improve on this aspect, additive manufacturing, specifically 3D bioprinting, is being explored in the tissue engineering domain. The 3D bioprinting technique employs bioinks (consisting of living cells and biomaterials) to fabricate complex anatomical structures (tissues, cartilages and organs), in a layer-by-layer pattern, with the help of computer-aided printers. Further, 3D bioprinting offers a range of benefits over the conventional tissue engineering techniques, including high accuracy, enhanced resolution, fast processing time and low cost. Owing to the layer-wise construction, bioprinted tissues consist of pores, which promote easy perfusion of gas and nutrients, as well as enable intercellular and intracellular communication. It is worth mentioning that Organovo was the first company to enter the 3D bioprinting space by printing functional blood vessels in 2010.
Despite the various advantages associated with 3D bioprinting, the technology is associated with certain challenges. One of the key challenges is the stringent requirement to maintain the quality across each step (designing the model, selection of the bioink, printing validation and post-printing) executed before the transplantation. Further, the lack of a robust design software might hamper the manufacturing of a mechanically stable 3D construct. In this regard, various industry stakeholders and academicians have undertaken initiatives in order to further develop / improve this technology for use across a variety of applications, including fabrication of bone, cartilage, organ and skin (for transplantation), drug testing, toxicology screening, and cancer research, by using diseased tissue models. As a result, the intellectual capital related to different 3D bioprinting techniques, such as extrusion bioprinting, inkjet printing, laser assisted bioprinting and stereolithography, has also grown. In light of such developments, it is important to keep track of both pockets of innovation and key areas of improvement for stakeholders to remain competitive in this upcoming field of the healthcare domain. This report captures some of the key R&D-related trends and provides competitive intelligence on the intellectual property in the field of 3D bioprinting.
Scope of the Report
The “3D Bioprinting: Intellectual Property Landscape” report features an extensive study of some of the key historical and contemporary intellectual property (IP) documents (featuring granted patents, patent applications and other documents), describing the various types of 3D bioprinting. The insights generated in this report have been presented across two deliverables, namely a MS Excel workbook and a MS PowerPoint deck, summarizing the ongoing trend in this domain. Key inclusions are briefly described below:
Overall Intellectual Property Landscape
An analytical perspective of the various patents and affiliated IP documents that have been published related to 3D bioprinting, since 2000. An in-depth analysis of published IP documents, representing unique patent families across various global jurisdictions, featuring insightful inferences related to both historical and recent R&D trends within this niche, yet rapidly evolving applications in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry.
Popular / Relevant Prior Art Search Expressions
An examination of IP literature, shortlisting key words and phrases used to describe 3D bioprinting. The analysis also includes details on the historical use of the aforementioned terms across different IP filings, key affiliated terms (which can be used to identify other relevant IP search terms and establish relationships between prior art search expressions), and other related trends.
Patent Valuation Analysis
A competitive benchmarking and valuation analysis of the key members of unique patent families captured in the report, taking into consideration important parameters, such as type of IP document, year of application, time to expiry, number of citations and jurisdiction (factoring in value associated with the gross domestic product (GDP) of a particular region).
Patentability and Freedom to Operate
A systematic approach to identify relevant areas of innovation by analyzing published IP documents (representative of unique patent families), by defining the uniqueness of patented / patent pending innovations, in order to assess the scope of patentability in this domain, and pinpoint jurisdictions wherein new and / or modified claims may be filed without infringing on existing IP.
Analysis of Patent Applications
A detailed summary of the various patent applications (representative of unique patent families) that were filed across different jurisdictions and their relative value in the IP ecosystem. The analysis classified the intellectual capital in terms of type of innovation and the innovation (such as a product class, enabling technologies or method of use), thereby, offering the means to identify active arenas of research and assess innovation-specific IP filing trends.
Analysis of Granted Patents
An analysis of the granted patents (representative of unique patent families) across different global jurisdictions and their relative value in the IP ecosystem. The analysis also features a meaningful classification system, segregating granted IP into relevant categories (namely type of innovation and innovation) to help develop a detailed perspective on the diversity of intellectual capital (having marketing exclusivity) related to 3D bioprinting, and the assessing likelihood for innovators to enter into promising research areas.
Pockets of Innovation and White Spaces
An insightful analysis of the various CPC codes used in published IP literature (representative of unique patent families) and their affiliated families, offering the means to identify historical and existing pockets of innovation (based on the functional area / industry described by the elaborate and systematic IP classification approach, mentioned earlier); the analysis also features a discussion on prevalent white spaces (based on type of innovation and innovation in this field of research.
Claim Analysis
One of the objectives of the report was to analyze and summarize key inferences from the independent claims mentioned in granted, active patents (representative of unique patent families) in the dataset. Using a systematic segregation approach, we have analyzed trends associated with the preamble, type of patent (product patent or method patent), type of claim (open ended claim or closed ended claim) and key elements of a claim (individual aspects of an innovation that are covered in a singular claim).
DELIVERABLE OUTLINES
Excel Deliverable
Sheet 1 features details related to how the input data for this project was collated, including the search strings used to query a popular patent database (lens.org), and data segregation notes.
Sheet 2 is a summary MS Excel dashboard, offering a detailed, graphical perspective of the intellectual property landscape of 3D bioprinting. It includes pictorial representations of the overall patent landscape, IP documents representing patent families that describe unique innovations related to 3D bioprinting, trends related to patent applications (including insights on patentability and freedom to operate), trends related to granted patents (including insights on patentability and freedom to operate), key inferences from a proprietary claim analysis, list of popular CPC symbols (featuring key pockets of innovation) and list of popular applicants (shortlisted based on number of published IP documents).
Sheet 3 is an elaborate tabular representation of the overall IP landscape, featuring information on the various types of IP documents, related to 3D bioprinting, which have been published since 2000.
Sheet 4 is an excerpt of the data presented in the previous sheet, featuring published IP documents, that represent unique patent families across various global jurisdictions. This dataset has been analyzed in detail, in the report.
Sheet 5 includes a tabular representation of the key words and phrases (prior art search expressions) that are used to describe 3D bioprinting and affiliated intellectual capital.
Sheet 6 is a subset of sheet 4, featuring all the patent applications, covering innovations related to 3D bioprinting.
Sheet 7 is a subset of sheet 4, featuring all the granted patents, covering innovations related to 3D bioprinting.
Sheet 8 is an insightful summary of the key inferences from the independent claims of the granted, active patents in the dataset. It involves the use of a systematic segregation approach to analyze key trends associated with the preamble, type of patent (product patent or method patent), type of claim (open ended claim or closed ended claim) and key elements of a claim (individual aspects of an innovation that are covered in a singular claim).
Sheet 9 provides insights related to some of the key applicants that are active in this field of research, featuring company-specific details (such as year of establishment, and location of headquarters), and inputs on their respective IP publication trends.
Sheet 10 features an analysis of the most popular CPC symbols and CPC families (in terms of frequency of appearance in the dataset), related to 3D bioprinting.
Sheet 11 is an appendix, which includes pivot tables that drive the charts and interactive elements for the complete IP landscape depicted in sheet 2 of the deliverable.
Sheet 12 is an appendix, featuring details related to the categorization done in the report, and important abbreviations used in reference to the data categories mentioned in the document.
PowerPoint Deliverable
Chapter 1 briefly describes of the rising demand of compatible organs for transplantation and the key advantages 3D bioprinting. Further, it provides an overview of the intellectual property landscape related to 3D bioprinting.
Chapters 2 and 3 feature brief (pictorial) summaries of the approach used during data collection for this project, and the key objectives of the study.
Chapter 4 is an executive summary of the important insights and key takeaways, generated from analyzing the IP landscape of 3D bioprinting.
Chapter 5 offers a brief description on 3D bioprinting and its associated technologies. Further, it provides a summary of the important milestones in this field of research, highlighting some of the distinguishing features of both early research and modern variants of such interventions. The chapter highlights the advantages of 3D bioprinting, as well as discusses the application areas and future perspectives associated with this domain.
Chapter 6 includes a review of the various patents and affiliated IP documents that have been published related to 3D bioprinting, since the year 2000. It also features an in-depth analysis of published IP documents, representing unique patent families across various global jurisdictions, and includes insightful inferences related to both historical and recent R&D trends within this niche, yet rapidly evolving applications the healthcare segment.
Chapter 7 features an insightful examination of IP literature, highlighting key words and phrases that are used to describe 3D bioprinting, including information on historical usage in IP filings, key affiliated terms (which can be used to identify other relevant IP search terms and establish relationships between prior art search expressions), and other related trends.
Chapter 8 offers insights from a competitive benchmarking and valuation analysis of the key members of unique patent families that have been captured in the report. It takes into consideration important parameters, such as type of IP document, year of application, time to expiry, number of citations and jurisdiction (factoring in value associated with the gross domestic product (GDP) of a particular region).
Chapter 9 provides a detailed summary of the patent applications (representative of unique patent families) that were filed across different jurisdictions and their relative value in the IP ecosystem. The analysis segregates the captured intellectual capital in terms of type of innovation and the specific innovation (different product classes, enabling technologies or methods of use), thereby, offering the means to identify active arenas of research and assess innovation-specific IP filing trends. Further, it features an analysis that helps identify relevant areas of innovation by analyzing published IP documents (representative of unique patent families), defining the uniqueness of patent pending innovations, in order to assess the scope of patentability in this domain, and pinpoint jurisdictions where new and / or modified claims may be filed without infringing on existing IP.
Chapter 10 is an elaborate summary of the granted patents (representative of unique patent families) across different global jurisdictions and their relative value in the IP ecosystem. The analysis also features a meaningful classification system, segregating granted IP into relevant categories (namely type of innovation and innovation) in order to help develop a detailed perspective on the diversity of intellectual capital (having marketing exclusivity) related to 3D bioprinting and assessing the likelihood for innovators to enter into promising product markets, once active patents expire. Further, it features an analysis that helps identify relevant areas of innovation by analyzing published IP documents (representative of unique patent families), defining the uniqueness of patented innovations, in order to assess the scope of patentability in this domain, and pinpoint jurisdictions where new and / or modified claims may be filed without infringing on existing IP.
Chapter 11 features profiles of some of the most popular applicant companies, which were shortlisted based on their respective patent filing activities. Each profiles includes a brief overview of the company, information on annual revenues (wherever available), details on its 3D bioprinting related initiatives, names of key management team members and recent developments.
Chapter 12 includes an insightful analysis of the various CPC symbols mentioned in published IP literature (representative of unique patent families) and their affiliated families, offering the means to identify historical and existing pockets of innovation (based on the functional area / industry described by the elaborate and systematic IP classification approach, mentioned earlier); the analysis also features a discussion on prevalent white spaces (based on innovation and innovation types) in this field of research.
Chapter 13 concludes the report by summarizing publicly available insights on the anticipated developments in this domain (taking into consideration the perspectives of eminent representatives of stakeholder companies in this industry), and trends that are likely to shape the future of 3D bioprinting.
Chapter 14 is a set of appendices, entailing an overview of the excel research report, a list of IP documents featuring the identified white spaces, table of contents, list of figures, list of tables, glossary, and list of all the applicant companies and organizations.
Table of Contents
Excel Deliverable1. Research Notes
Companies Mentioned (Partial List)
A selection of companies mentioned in this report includes, but is not limited to:
- 1LAB SA
- 3D Bio-Tissues
- 3D Systems
- 3DTech Oy
- 525 Solutions
- Aalto University
- Aarhus University
- Accelerated Biosciences
- Accurate International
- Acupharm
- ADA Science & Research Institute
- Advanced BioMatrix
- Advanced Solutions Life Sciences
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Agilent Technologies
- Aix-Marseille University
- AJL Ophthalmic
- Ajou University
- Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg
- Aleph Farms
- ALGAKTIV
- Allegro 3D
- Allergan
- Allevi
- AlloSource
- Alpha Tech
- Alpvision
- Amferia
- ANPOLY
- Anthrogenesis
- Ants Innovate
- AO Tech
- Applied Materials
- Arizona State University
- Arizona State University
- Arkema
- Arrayjet
- Arrayon Biotechnology
- ASAN Foundation
- Aspect Biosystems
- ATES
- Auburn University
- Auregen BioTherapeutics
- Aurelia Bioscience
- Autodesk
- Axenoll Life Sciences
- Axial Medical Printing
- Baobab Healthcare
- Barcelona Science Park
- Bar-Ilan University
- Batu Biologics
- Baylor College of Medicine
- BC Genesis
- Berlin Institute of Technology
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
- BICO
- Bioalpha
- BioBots
- Biogelx
- BiologIC Technologies
- Biome Renewables
- Biom'up
- Bioprint
- Bio-ReCell
- BioSapien
- Biostage
- Blafar
- Bloxton Investment Group
- BlueNalu
- Bone Sci Bio
- Bordeaux University Foundation
- Boston University
- Brahma Holdings
- Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Brinter Oy
- Brown University
- BSH Electrodomésticos
- BSH Hausgeräte
- Byon
- Cairn Biosciences
- Cambridge Innovation Technologies Consulting
- Carbitex
- Carbon
- Carbon Design Innovations
- Carcinotech
- Carl Zeiss Meditec
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
- Case Western Reserve University
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)
- Catholic University of America
- Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine
- Catholic University of Leuven
- Catholic University of Valencia Saint Vincent Martyr
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
- Cellbricks
- CELLHEAL
- CELLINK
- Cellino Biotech
- Cells for Cells
- Cellutech
- Celularity
- Central School of Marseille
- Central South University
- CGbio
- Changzhou Walter Intelligent Technology
- Chastnoe Uchrezhdenie
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
- China Agricultural University
- China Medical University
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- CHL
- Chung-Ang University
- Chungbuk National University (CBNU)
- CIC biomaGUNE
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
- Cirius Therapeutics
- Claude Bernard Lyon University
- Clear Labs
- CLECELL
- Clemson University
- Clemson University Research Foundation (CURF)
- Cleveland State University
- Cline Scientific
- Collagen Matrix
- CollPlant
- Colorado School of Mines
- Colorado State University Research Foundation
- COLTENE
- Columbia University
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
- CommScope
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research
- Contipro
- Copenhagen University
- Cornell University
- Corning
- Cyfuse
- Cytometix
- Cytonus Therapeutics
- CYTOO
- Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST)
- Dalian Jiaotong University
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute
- Dartmouth College
- DEKA
- DePuy Synthes
- Dermagenesis Skin & Body Care
- DERMYAH Innovations in beauty and wellness
- Digilab
- Dow
- Dramedica
- Dresden University of Technology
- Drexel University
- Duke University
- DuPont's Nutrition & Biosciences
- Dutch Research Council
- Ear Science Institute Australia
- East China University of Science and Technology
- East Tennessee State University
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- ELWHA
- Embody
- Emory University
- Emulate
- Engitix
- Enrich Therapeutics
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University
- Esoterix Genetic Laboratories
- Establishment Labs
- Evonik Industries
- Exo Cell
- Fashion Institute of Technology
- FASOTEC
- Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne (EPFL)
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education
- Fibrothelium
- Fidia Farmaceutici
- Figene Capital
- Fiomet Ventures
- Florida State University Research Foundation
- Fluicell
- FMC BioPolymer
- Fond Imagine
- Forecast Technology
- Foundation on Research and Science Development
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Free University of Berlin
- French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission
- French National Centre for Scientific Research
- Fresh Health
- Frontier Bio
- Fujian Normal University
- Fujian Wanchen Biotechnology
- FURS
- Furukawa Electric Advanced Engineering FUTRFAB
- Galderma
- GeniPhys
- GenMark Diagnostics
- Genzir Technologies
- George Washington University
- Georgia Tech Research Institute
- Ghent University
- Global Graphene Group
- Goethe University
- Gold Coast Hospital
- Governing Council - University of Toronto
- Graduate School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry (ESPCI)
- GranBio
- Greenaltech
- Greiner Bio-One North America
- Grenoble Alpes University
- Griffith University
- GT Medical Technologies
- Guangdong Medical University
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)
- Guangxi Medical University
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech
- Guangzhou Taibao Medical Institute
- Guill
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Haining Zhuluoji Biotechnology
- Hallym University
- Haltzak BioPharma
- HanBio Therapeutics
- Hangzhou Dianzi University
- Hangzhou Foreland Technology
- Hangzhou Jiangnofly Biotechnology
- Hangzhou LifeReal Biotechnology
- Hangzhou Regenovo Biotechnology
- Hanyang University
- Harvard College
- Helmholtz Munich
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Hesperos
- HEWLETT PACKARD
- Histogenics
- Hkable Biological 3D
- Holo
- Hope City
- Hospital of Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Houston Methodist Hospital
- Huaian Zongheng Bio-Tech
- Hubei Polytechnic University
- Humeltis
- Hunan University
- Hurel
- Huzhou Ancestor Electronic Technology
- Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation
- Hyundai Motor
- IBM
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- IDONIAL
- iFix Medical
- Immunotrex
- Imperial College Innovations
- Imtek Engineering
- In Silico Discovery Research Academic Services (INDRAS)
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad
- Indiana University
- Indiana University Research & Technology
- Industrial Technology Research Institute
- Industry-University Cooperation Foundation Hanyang University (IUCF-HYU)
- Industry-University-Research Cooperation Foundation
- Infinite
- Inkbit
- Innogy Innovation Hub
- InnoRegen
- Innovative Therapies
- InnovoSciences
- InSphero
- Institut Curie
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IBME)
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER)
- Intellia Therapeutics
- Inventia Life Science
- Istanbul Medipol University
- iThemba
- IVIVA Medical
- Izumi International
- J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI)
- Jiangnan University
- Jiangsu University
- Jiangxi Booway New Technology
- Jiaxing Yaojiao Medical & Development
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
- Johns Hopkins University
- Jointechlabs
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Khalifa University
- King AbdulAziz University
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Kinpo Electronics
- KLS Martin Group
- Kobe University
- Kookmin University
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Korea Polytechnic University
- Korea Polytechnic University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
- Korea University
- Kubota KK
- Kuraray
- Kynan Duke IP
- Kyndryl
- Kyungpook National University
- Kyungpook National University Hospital
- LabSkin Creations
- LacriSciences
- Lausanne University Hospital
- Lawrence Livermore National Security
- Leibniz Institute for New Materials (INM)
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)
- Leica Microsystems
- Leiden University
- Leland Stanford Junior University
- Lineage Cell Therapeutics
- Louisiana State University
- Maastricht University
- Mannatech
- Maoming People's Hospital
- Marine Techno
- Marmara University
- Marquette University
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear
- Massachusetts General Hospital
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Massivit 3D Printing Technologies
- Max Planck Society
- Mayo Clinic
- Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
- Mazor Robotics
- Mcmaster University
- MEATECH 3D
- Medical University of Warsaw
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center (Biocon)
- Medifab
- Medispace
- Medtronic
- Memphis Meats
- Mentor
- Mercer University
- Microsoft Technology Licensing
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
- Mirae Cell Bio
- Miromatrix
- Modern Meadow
- Molecular Devices
- Monarch Biosciences
- Monash University
- Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies
- Morphodyne
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences
- Munich University of Applied Sciences
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute
- MUSC Foundation for Research Development
- Mycronic
- Nagasuna Mayu
- Nanjing First Hospital
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nankai University
- Nano Dimension
- Nano3D Biosciences
- Nanochon
- nanoGUNE
- Nanotecmarin
- Nanotek Instruments
- Nanovis
- Nant Holdings
- NantBioscience
- Nantes University
- Nantong University
- Nanyang Technological University
- NASA
- National Dong Hwa University
- National Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology (NERCN)
- National Healthcare Group
- National Institute of Applied Sciences of Lyon
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- National Research & Development Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals
- National Research Council
- National School of Arts and Crafts (ENSAM)
- National Taiwan University
- National Tsing Hua University
- National University of Singapore
- National Yang Ming University
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI)
- Nebula Space Enterprise
- NEC Solution Innovators
- NeoGraft Technologies
- Nestec
- Nestlé
- New Jersey Institute of Technology
- New York Blood Center
- NewSouth Innovations
- Next Big Innovation Labs
- Nippi
- Noblis
- North Carolina State University
- Northeastern University
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Northwestern University
- Novadip Biosciences
- NovaHep
- Novameat
- Novartis
- Novo Nordisk
- Novoheart
- NTN
- NUtech Ventures
- NuTissu
- Ocean TuniCell
- Octet Medical
- Ohio State Innovation Foundation
- Ohio State University
- Onyel Biotech
- Orbillion Bio
- Oreal
- Oregon Health & Science University
- Organes Tissus Regeneration Reparation Remplacement (OTR3)
- Organovo
- Orgenesis
- Orthopedix
- Osaka University
- Osiris Biomed 3D
- Otago Innovation
- Ourotech
- Oxford Innovation University
- P4P
- PA
- Palo Alto Research Center (PARC)
- Pandorum Technologies
- Paris City University
- Paris Diderot University
- Paris Sciences & Lettres University
- Paris-East Créteil University
- Peking University School of Stomatology
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Penn State Research Foundation
- Pensées
- PharmaExceed
- Philips
- PhoenixSongs Biologicals
- Phos Print
- PIQUR Therapeutics
- Planar Motor
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Poietis
- Polbionica
- Poly6
- Polybiomics
- Polymer Forge
- Polytechnic University of Catalonia
- Polytechnic University of Catalonia · Barcelona Tech (UPC)
- Pop Test Oncology
- POSCO
- Postech Academy - Industry Foundation
- Precise Bio
- PreComb
- Prellis Biologics
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology
- Princeton University
- Prometheus Regeneration R&D
- Provenance Bio
- Public Assistance-Paris Hospitals
- Purdue Research Foundation
- Qingdao Unique Products Develop
- Qingdao University
- Queen Mary University of London
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Readily3D
- ReaGene Biosciences
- Regemat 3D S L
- REGEN Biocharm
- Regen i Göteborg
- REGENHU
- Regenix
- Regenovo
- Regents of The University of Michigan
- Reprobiogen
- Resbiomed
- Research Foundation for The State University of New York
- Research Foundation of the City University of New York (RFCUNY)
- Resilient
- Revotek
- Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen
- Rhode Island Hospital
- Rice University
- Ricoh
- RN Tech
- Roche Molecular Systems
- ROKIT Healthcare
- RoosterBio
- Rowan University
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Royal Institution For The Advancement Of Learning Mcgill University
- Rutgers University
- Sabanc? University
- Samplix
- Samsung Life Public Welfare Foundation
- San Diego State University Research Foundation (SDSURF)
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute
- Sartorius Stedim Biotech
- SC Tech
- Schepens Eye Research Institute
- School of Advanced Studies in Public Health (EHESP)
- Scienion
- SCRIBA Nanotecnologie
- Scripps Health
- Secant
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University
- Seer
- Seng Enterprises
- Seoul National University of Science and Technology
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Shandong University
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai MiFang Electronic Technology
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital (SNPH)
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai University
- Shanxi Medical University
- Shenyang Institute of Automation
- Shenzhen Excellent Technology
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen Wingor Biotechnology
- Shibuya
- Shinshu University
- Sichuan University
- Siemens Healthineers
- Sightline Innovation
- Sigilon Therapeutics
- Singapore General Hospital
- Singapore Health Services
- Singapore University of Technology & Design (SUTD)
- Singletto
- SinoBioPrint
- Sitex 45
- Smithsonian Institute
- SMSbiotech
- Socovar
- Sofia University
- Sogang University
- SonoVol
- Soochow University
- Sophion Bioscience
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University
- Sorbonne University
- Sorbonne University Pierre and Marie Curie Campus
- South China University of Technology
- South Eastern Sydney Local Health District
- Southern Medical University
- Southern Methodist University
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Spiderwort
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Instituteitute for Medical Sciences and Technology
- SSenStone
- St Vincent’s Hospital
- St Vincent’s Public Hospital Melbourne
- Stanford University
- STC.UNM
- Steelcase
- Stemcellago
- STENTiT
- Stevens Institute of Technology
- Stora Enso
- Stratasys
- Subchondral Solutions
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Sunarrow
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Sunnybrook Research Institute
- SunP Biotech
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Swansea University
- Swedish Algae Factory
- Swinburne University of Technology
- Symbiox Investment
- T&R Biofab
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital
- TARA Biosystems
- TDBT
- Tech Mahindra
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry (TIPC)
- Technical University of Denmark
- Technion Research & Development Foundation
- Techshot
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Hashomer Medical Research, Infrastructure and Services
- Temple University
- Tepha
- Terasaki Institute
- Tessenderlo
- TeVido BioDevices
- Texas A&M University System
- The Chinese University of Hongkong (CUHK)
- The Council of The Queensland Institute of Medical Research
- The Electrospinning Company
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
- The Industry & Academic Cooperation (IAC) in Chungnam National University
- The Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, China Academy of Sciences
- The People's Liberation Army No. 906 Hospital
- The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen
- The Tsinghua Graduate School in Shenzhen
- Theradaptive
- TheWell Bioscience
- Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
- Tianjin University
- TISSIUM
- Tissue Bank of France (TBF)
- TissueByNet
- TissueLabs
- TissUse
- Tokyo Women’s Medical University
- Tongji Medical College
- Toppan
- Toray Industries
- Triastek
- Tsinghua Graduate School
- Tsinghua University
- Tufts University
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- UK Research and Innovation (UKRI)
- Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology
- UMC Utrecht Holding
- United States Navy (USN)
- United Therapeutics
- University College Dublin
- University College London
- University Hospital of Bordeaux
- University Hospital Regensburg
- University of Akron
- University of Alabama
- University of Alberta
- University of Arkansas
- University of Aveiro
- University of Barcelona
- University of Bologna
- University of Bordeaux
- University of Bristol
- University of British Columbia
- University of California
- University of Cambridge
- University of Central Florida Research Foundation
- University of Cincinnati
- University of Cologne
- University of Colorado
- University of Connecticut
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- University of Florida
- University of Freiburg
- University of Geneve
- University of Glasgow
- University of Granada
- University of Groningen
- University of Illinois
- University of Indiana Trustees
- University of Iowa Research Foundation
- University of Jinan
- University of Kansas
- University of La Laguna
- University of Lausanne
- University of Lorraine
- University of Los Andes
- University of Louisville Research Foundation
- University of Maryland
- University of Melbourne
- University of Memphis
- University of Michigan
- University of Minnesota
- University of Missouri
- University of Montana
- University of Naples - Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering
- University of Nebraska
- University of New York
- University of Newcastle
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- University of Notre Dame
- University of Oklahoma
- University of Otago
- University of Ottawa
- University of Oxford
- University of Pavia
- University of Pennsylvania
- University of Pisa
- University of Pittsburgh
- University of Portsmouth
- University of Prince Edward Island
- University of Queensland
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- University of Rennes
- University of Rochester
- University of Sheffield
- University of South Carolina
- University of South Florida
- University of Southampton
- University of Southern California
- University of Sydney
- University of Tennessee Research Foundation
- University of Texas
- University of Texas Health Science Center
- University of the Witwatersrand
- University of Ulsan
- University of Utah Research Foundation
- University of Valladolid
- University of Vermont
- University of Virginia Patent Foundation
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
- University of Washington
- University of Wollongong
- University of Wuerzburg
- University of Wyoming
- UNM Rainforest Innovations
- UPM
- URGO
- US Government
- US Health
- Vanderbilt University
- VERIGRAFT
- Verrana
- Virginia Tech
- VIS
- Viscient Biosciences
- Viscofan
- VisiCELL Medical
- Vital Images
- Vivax Bio
- Volumetric Biotechnologies
- Vox Biomedical
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
- Wake Forest University
- Wannan Medical College
- Warsaw Orthopedic
- Washington State University
- Weinberg Medical Physics
- West China Medical Center
- Western Union
- White Oak Capital Management Consultants
- Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
- Wonkwang University
- Worcester Polytech Institute
- Wuhan Feng Lin chemical science and Technology
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuyi University
- Xi’An Jiaotong University
- Xi’an Polytechnic University
- XING Technologies
- XYZprinting
- Yangzhou University
- Yanshan University
- Yildiz Technical University
- Yissum Research Development
- Yokohama City University
- Yonsei University
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities
- Zhejiang Ocean University
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang Xunshi Technology
- Zhongshan Chaoyang Medical Technology
Methodology
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