Recent Trends and the Future of Antimicrobial Agents provides a significantly expanded overview of the topic with updated research in a broader context on the development of alternative approaches against microbial infections. This part consists of ten chapters. The first five chapters describe naturally derived antimicrobial compounds such as plant-based antimicrobials (PBAs), enzymes-based and antibody-based antibacterial therapeutic and secondary metabolites from plant endophytes.
The book proceeds to provide details about antimicrobials derived from marine microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and cyanobacteria) is included to inform readers about effective medications against MDR strains. Specific chapters describe the drug development against protozoans, with one chapter focusing on Plasmodium. Chapter contributors have postulated novel approaches for antimalarial therapeutics.
The book also includes an explanation of host target identification and drug discovery with the purpose of informing the reader about the implications in viral biology and how they could be exploited for treating viral diseases. The contents cater to the information needs of professionals and learners in academia, industry and health services who aim to learn the most significant experimental and practical approaches towards finding alternatives to existing antimicrobial therapies.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Natural Quorum Sensing Inhibitors: Potent Weapon to Control Bacterial Infections
- Introduction
- Quorum Sensing
- Sensing in Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Quorum Sensing in Gram-Positive Bacteria
- Ai-2-Based Quorum Sensing
- Quorum Sensing: A Novel Target
- Quorum Sensing Inhibitors
- Natural Quorum Sensing Inhibitors
- Anti-Quorum Molecules From Medicinal Plants
- Bacterial Enzymes
- Ahl Lactonase
- Ahl Acylases
- Oxidoreductase
- Microbes as QSI
- Conclusion and Future Perspectives
- Consent of Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 2 Marine Microorganisms: New Frontier in Antimicrobial Therapeutics
- Introduction
- Ocean: A Treasure Trove of Bioactive Compounds
- Exploring Marine Microorganisms As a Source of New Drug Candidates
- Antimicrobial Compounds From Marine Surface Associated Microorganisms
- Antimicrobial Compounds From Marine Bacteria
- Antimicrobial Compounds From Marine Actinomycetes
- Antimicrobial Compounds From Marine Fungi
- Antimicrobial Compounds From Marine Cyanobacteria
- Limitation of Use of Marine Natural Products in Drug Discovery
- Conclusion
- Consent of Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgement
- References
Chapter 3 Antibacterial Peptides: Potential Therapeutic Agent
- Introduction
- Classification
- Structural Aspect
- Mechanism of Action
- Application As Therapeutics
- Sources of Amps
- Plants as a Potential Source of Amps
- Main Families of Plant Amps
- Thionins
- Defensins
- Lipid Transfer Proteins (LTP)
- Puroindolines
- Snakins
- Cyclotides
- Hevein-Like Proteins
- Animal Amps
- Defensins
- Cathelicidins
- Conclusion
- Consent of Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 4 Secondary Metabolites From Plant Endophytes: Possible Source of Future Antimicrobial Compounds
- Introduction
- Endophytes: the Possible Sources of Antibiotics
- Endophytic Fungi With Antibacterial Potential
- Endophytic Bacteria With Antibacterial Potentials
- The Mode of Action of Antibacterial Compounds From Endophytes
- In Vitro Production of Antibacterial Compounds From Endophytes: Problems and Solutions
- Conclusion
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgement
- References
Chapter 5 Advent of Pharmabiotics As A Promising Therapeutic Tool for Human Health and Diseases Management
- Introduction
- How Pharmabiotics Act?
- By Improving the Epithelial Layer Integrity
- Increased Adhesion to Intestinal Mucosa
- Inhibition of Pathogen Adhesion
- Competitive Exclusion of Pathogenic Microorganism
- Production of Anti-Microorganism Substance
- Modulation of the Immune System
- Development in Pharmabiotic Preparations
- First Generation Pharmabiotics
- Second Generation Pharmabiotics
- Third Generation Pharmabiotics
- Fourth Generation Probiotics
- Therapeutic Potential
- Microbiome and Probiotics
- Gut-Microbiome and Diseases
- Host-Microbe Interactions Leading to Healthy Immune System
- Host-Microbe Interaction and Its Outcome on the Gut-Brain-Axis
- Damage to the Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Health
- Probiotics With Pharmaceutical Potential
- Pharmabiotics for Specific Diseases
- Inflammatory Disorders
- Oral Health and Diseases
- Lifestyle Disorders
- Probiotics for Cancer
- Gut-Brain Axis and Psychological Disorders
- Pharmabiotics Against Infection Management
- Urogenital Infections
- Allergic Diseases
- Atopic Dermatitis
- Asthma
- Food Allergies
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Autoimmune Disorders
- Typical Product Development Strategy and Future Trends
- Production of Pharmabiotics
- General Production of Probiotics
- Regulatory Norms and Hurdles for Establishing Microbe As Pharmabiotics
- In-Vitro Testing
- Genotypic Stability
- Animal Models
- Clinical Trials
- Conclusion
- Next Generation of Probiotic Technology
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 6 Therapeutic Efficacy of Natural Products Towards Protozoan Diseases
- Introduction
- Classification of Secondary Metabolites
- Bioactive Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Malaria
- In Vitro Approach
- Alkaloids
- Flavonoids
- Terpenes
- Peptides
- Others
- In Vivo Approach and Clinical Report
- Bioactive Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Amoebiosis
- In Vitro Approach
- Coumarins
- Flavonoids
- Alkaloids
- In Vivo Approach
- Bioactive Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Giardiasis
- In Vitro Approach
- Alkaloids
- Flavonoids
- Terpenes
- In Vivo Approach
- Bioactive Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Leishmaniasis (Visceral)
- In Vitro Approach
- Aromatic Compounds
- Alkaloids
- Flavonoids
- Terpenes
- In Vivo Approach
- Concluding Remarks
- Consent for Publication
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgements
- References
Chapter 7 A Time Travel With Anti-Malarial Drugs: Then, Now and Beyond
- Introduction
- Past History of Anti-Malarial Drugs
- Quinine
- Mepacrine
- Chloroquine
- Mefloquine
- Halofantrine
- Present Anti-Malarial Therapy
- Artemisinin and Its Derivatives
- Anti-Malarial Activity
- Toxicity of Artemisinin
- Amodiaquine
- Piperaquine
- Pyrimethamine and Sulfadoxine
- Proguanil and Atovaquone
- Future of Malaria Eradication: Novel Anti-Malarial Drugs, Vaccine and Immunotherapy
- Novel Anti-Malarial Compounds
- Vaccine
- Rts, S/As01 Vaccine (Mosquirix)
- Whole Sporozoite (Pfspz) Vaccines
Author
- Tilak Saha
- Manab Deb Adhikari
- Bipransh Kumar Tiwary
