Comprehensive visual interpretation of the ADA Standards for accessible design, expanded with 50% more content and comparisons with two additional codes and standards
ADA in Details, Second Edition provides a visual interpretation of the Americans with Disabilities Act Standards (ADAS). A comprehensive guide to incorporating accessibility thru bullet points and visual details, the book is a convenient go-to reference of pertinent scoping, technical requirements, and sourcing information. It highlights typical requirements for new projects and alterations, and also covers specialty uses such as assembly areas, kitchens, site elements, hospitality, retail, restaurants, and recreational facilities.
This revised edition now integrates the 2010 ADA Standards with the 2021 International Building Code (IBC), the 2022 California Building Code (CBC), and the 2017 ICC A117.1 Standard for Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities. The book uses color to differentiate between the different standards and codes, and now includes photos for real-world examples.
ADA in Details, Second Edition, includes: - Color-coded comparisons between the ADA, IBC, CBC, and ICC A117.1, which help in understanding how to navigate thru the different requirements in accessibility - Visual details and bullet point specifications for both newly constructed and existing facilities are color coded to identify which requirements apply - Solutions for accessible routes, site features, architectural elements, restrooms, electric vehicle charging stations, and more, including public multi-family housing dwelling units - Discussions and notes on various topics to be considered in new and existing facilities due to how building codes have evolved from preceding cycles - Clear explanation and illustrations that synthesize various federal regulations including limited portions of ABA and HUD’s Deeming Notice among other regulations
Architects and designers, plan checkers and inspectors, along with facility managers and contractors, as well as everyone else involved in the built environment can turn to ADA in Details as an authoritative resource to understand accessibility compliance for places of public accommodation, commercial facilities, and public facilities.
Table of Contents
Preamble xiii
To Begin With xiii
Color Blindness or Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) xiv
Designing Beyond Mobility xvi
Access Overall xix
Chapter 1 Review of Project Types & Uses
1.1 Existing Projects 23
Existing Buildings - In General 23
ADA Title II for Public Entities - 28 CFR Part 35 24
ADA Title III for Public Accommodation & Commercial - 28 CFR Part 36 25
Supplemental Requirements Under the ADA Standards 28
Federal Facility Requirements 29
Alterations & Local Requirements 30
Historical Facilities 31
1.2 Retail, Restaurants, Cafeterias, & Bars 35
Retail - In General 35
Restaurants, Cafeterias, & Bars - In General 36
1.3 Assembly, Sports, & Entertainment 41
Assembly & Entertainment - In General 41
Wheelchair & Companion Seating Requirements 41
Wheelchair & Companion Seating - Scoping & Location 43
Other Seating Types 44
Assistive Listening Systems (ALS) 45
1.4 Hotels, Inns, & Transient Lodging 49
In General 49
Mobility Guest Rooms 51
Communication Feature Guest Rooms 55
Non-Mobility Guest Room Requirements 55
Student Housing at a Place of Education 56
1.5 Residential Under the ADA 59
Multi-Family Residential - In General 59
Alterations to Dwelling Units 60
Communication Feature Dwelling Units 61
Mobility Feature Dwelling Units 61
Kitchens in Mobility Feature Dwelling Units 62
Bathrooms in Mobility Feature Dwelling Units 64
Social Service Center Establishments 66
Housing at a Place of Education 68
Adaptable Dwelling Units [CBC] 68
Kitchens in Adaptable Dwelling Units [CBC] 69
Bathrooms in Adaptable Dwelling Units [CBC] 69
Senior Housing [CBC] 71
1.6 The Youngers, the Olders, & In-Between 75
Considerations for the Youngers 75
Handrails for Children 75
Drinking Fountains for Children 75
Toilet Rooms & Fixtures for Children 76
Tables, Counters, & Play Surfaces for Children 77
Play Areas for Children 78
Considerations for the Olders 79
Light & the Aging Eye 79
Toileting & Bathing Needs As One Ages 80
The In-Betweens - Employees 81
Employee Only Work Areas 82
1.7 Storage, Locker & Dressing Rooms 87
Storage - In General 87
Self-Storage Facilities 88
Locker, Dressing, & Fitting Rooms 89
Storage Lockers 90
Chapter 2 Accessible Routes
2.1 Circulation Paths & Accessible Routes 95
Paths & Routes In General 95
Route Clearances 98
Accessible Routes in Specific Types of Spaces 99
Assembly Areas 100
Public Residential Dwelling Units 100
Employee Only Work Areas 101
2.2 Walking Surfaces 105
In General 105
Thresholds & Carpets 106
Openings in Walking Surfaces 107
2.3 Clear Floor & Turning Spaces 113
Clear Floor, Turning, Maneuvering, & Passing Spaces In General 113
Turning Spaces 114
Clear Floor Spaces 116
Aisles & 90° Turns 117
Aisles at 180° 'U'-Turns - Around Narrow Elements 118
Aisles at 180° 'U'-Turns - Around Wide Elements 119
2.4 Protruding & Overhanging Objects 123
In General 123
Protruding Objects 123
Post-Mounted Objects 125
Overhanging Objects 127
2.5 Doors & Gates - Overview 131
Entrances In General 131
Security, Restricted, & Service Entrances 131
Specific Facility Type Entrances 131
Door & Gate Notes 132
Hardware Notes 134
2.6 Doors & Gates - Maneuvering Clearances 139
In General 139
Forward Approach - Swinging Doors & Gates 140
Parallel Approach - Swinging Doors & Gates 141
Sliding & Folding Doors & Gates - All Approaches 142
Openings Without Doors 144
Doors & Gates In Series 145
Recessed Doors & Gates 146
2.7 Powered Doors & Gates 151
In General 151
Power-Assist Swinging Doors [BHMA] 152
Low-Energy Power-Operated Door [BHMA] 152
Automatic Power-Operated Door [BHMA] 153
Automatic Power-Operated Swinging Doors [BHMA] 154
Automatic Power-Operated Folding Doors [BHMA] 154
2.8 Specific Use Doors, Gates, & Windows 157
Security, Restricted, & Service Entries 157
Doors & Gates in Specific Uses 157
Windows 158
Security & Service Glazing, & 2-Way Communication 159
Chapter 3 Site Elements
3.1 Accessible Parking - In General 165
In General 165
Parking & Accessible Routes 167
Parking Spaces Required per Facility 168
Additional Requirements for Residential-Type Facilities 170
Existing Parking Facilities 170
3.2 Accessible Parking Signage 175
Parking Signage In General 175
California Tow-Away Sign [CBC] 176
3.3 The Accessible Parking Space 179
In General 179
Standard Accessible Spaces 180
Van Accessible Spaces 180
Access Aisles 181
On-Street Parking 182
3.4 Valet & Passenger Loading Zones 185
In General 185
The Accessible Passenger Loading Zone 186
Valet Parking 187
3.5 Transportation 189
In General 189
Bus Loading Zone Requirements 189
Bus Boarding & Alighting Area Requirements 190
Bus Informational Signage 191
Rail & Platform Requirements 191
Rail Informational Signs 192
Variable Message Signs (VMS) 192
3.6 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations 195
In General 195
New and Altered EVCS General Requirements 196
EV Charger Requirements 198
Accessible Charging Stations and Their Access Aisles 198
EVCS Signage [CBC] 200
Ambulatory EVCS [CBC] 200
Drive-Up EVCS [CBC] 201
3.7 Curb Ramps 203
In General 203
Perpendicular Curb Ramps 205
Parallel Curb Ramps 206
Corner Curb Ramps 208
Curb Ramps in the Public Right-Of-Way 211
3.8 Islands & Blended Transitions 215
In General 215
Islands with Curb Ramps 215
Islands with a Cut-Thru 215
Blended Transitions & Zero Curbs in Islands and Elsewhere 217
3.9 Detectable Warnings 219
In General 219
Truncated Dome Requirements 220
Locations 221
Transportation & Directional Texture 224
Chapter 4 Recreation
4.1 Pools & Spas 229
Pools & Spas In General 229
Pools - Swimming, Wading, Wave, Catch, Leisure Rivers, etc 229
Spas & Hot Tubs 230
Pool Lift Requirements & Considerations 230
Sloped Entry Requirements & Considerations 232
Pool Stairs - Requirements & Considerations 233
Transfer System - Requirements & Considerations 234
Transfer Walls - Requirements & Considerations 235
4.2 Fitness & Recreation 239
Exercise Equipment & Fitness Areas 239
Saunas & Steam Rooms 239
Sports & Court Sports 241
Golfing 242
Miniature Golf 242
Amusement Rides & Attractions 242
4.3 Recreation & Play 247
In General 247
Recreational Boating Facilities - In General 247
Piers at Boat Slips 248
Boarding Piers at Boat Launch Ramps 249
Fishing 249
Shooting Facilities 250
Play Areas - In General 250
Play Areas - Accessible Routes 251
Play Areas - Components 251
Play Areas - Vertical Access 252
Gaming Machines & Tables 253
Landscape Elements & Wilderness 254
Beaches 256
Chapter 5 Vertical Access - Manual
5.1 Edge Protection & Handrails 263
Edge Protection In General 263
Edge Protection - Pedestrian Ramp 263
Handrails 264
Handrail Gripping Surfaces 265
Handrail Extensions - In General 266
Handrails & Extensions - Pedestrian Ramp 267
Handrails & Extensions - Stairs 268
5.2 Pedestrian Ramps 273
In General 273
Pedestrian Ramps 273
Pedestrian Ramp Landings 275
Pedestrian Ramp Landings & Door Maneuvering Space 278
5.3 Steps & Stairs 283
In General 283
Treads & Nosings 283
Risers 285
Stairways 286
Escalators 286
Chapter 6 Vertical Access - Mechanical
6.1 Elevator, Lobby, & Landings 291
Elevators & Vertical Height Transitions In General 291
Title II Public Building Accessible Routes & Elevators 293
Hall Call Controls 293
Hall Signals 294
Hoistway Jamb Signs 295
Elevator Landings 296
Destination-Oriented Elevators 297
Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators (LU/LA) - Inside & Out 298
Dwelling Unit Private Residence Elevators - Inside & Out 299
6.2 Elevator Car 303
In General 303
Elevator Doors 303
Elevator Car Sizes & Door Location 304
Car Control Panels 305
Car Position Indicators 305
6.3 Platform Lifts 309
Platform Lifts In General 309
Vertical Platform Lifts & Accessible Routes 310
Vertical Lifts With & Without Runway Enclosures 310
Inclined Platform Lifts 313
Chapter 7 Communication Elements
7.1 Sign Types & Components 319
Sign Types - In General 319
Directional Signs 320
Informational Signs 321
Signs Identifying Permanent Rooms & Spaces 321
Egress-Related Signs 322
Toilet & Bathing Room Signs 323
Sign Components - Visual Characters 323
Sign Components for Tactile Characters - Raised Characters 325
Sign Components for Tactile Characters - Braille 327
Tactile Sign Location 329
Pictograms Identifying Rooms Or Spaces 330
International Symbols Identifying Accessible Elements 331
7.2 Communication Features 335
Communication Features - In General 335
Sign Language Interpreters - Station Requirements [A117.1] 335
Security Glazing & 2-Way Communication 335
Variable Message Signs (VMS) 336
Doorbells & Visual Door Notification Devices 337
Fire Alarms 337
7.3 Telephones 341
Telephones - In General 341
Telephones for Wheelchair Access 341
Telephones - TTY 342
TTY - Specific Use Locations 343
Chapter 8 Controls & Building Elements
8.1 Reach Ranges, Controls, & Machines 347
In General 347
Forward Reach with a Forward Approach 348
Side Reach Range with a Parallel Approach 349
Controls In General 350
Reach Ranges & Controls for Specific Items 350
Residential Facilities - Reach Ranges & Controls 351
ATMs, POS Devices, and Input & Display Screens 351
Window Controls 353
8.2 Plumbing - Public & Common Use 357
Drinking Fountains 357
Low Drinking Fountains 358
Low Drinking Fountains - Controls & Spouts 358
High Drinking Fountains 359
Bottle Filler 359
Washing Machines & Dryers 360
Public & Common Use Sinks 361
Faucets & Other Sink Controls 363
8.3 Counters - Sales, Service, Work & Food 367
In General 367
Sales & Service Counters 367
Check-Out Aisles & Counters 370
Work Surfaces 371
Food Service Lines & Condiment Counters 372
Bars & Counters for Drink or Food 372
Seating at Tables 374
8.4 Kitchens, Kitchenettes, & Wet Bars 381
Accessible Kitchen Spaces - In General 381
Cabinetry 384
Shelving Calculations for Kitchen Cabinets 387
Kitchen Work Surfaces in Mobility Dwelling Unit Kitchens 390
Wet Bars 391
Non-Mobility Kitchens 391
Kitchen Design Considerations for Aging 392
8.5 Kitchens - Appliances & Fixtures 395
Appliances & Fixtures - In General 395
Refrigerators 396
Ranges, Rangetops, Cooktops, & Ovens 397
Sinks 398
Dishwashers & Clear Floor Spaces 400
Electrical for All of the Small Countertop Appliances 401
Chapter 9 Toilet Rooms & Bathing Facilities
9.1 Signage for Toilet & Bathing Rooms 407
Signage - In General 407
Permanent Toilet & Bathing Room Signs 407
Pictograms & Symbols 408
California Geometric Door Symbols [CBC] 408
9.2 Accessories in Toilet & Bathing Rooms 411
Accessories - In General 411
Specific Accessories 411
9.3 Lavatories 419
Lavatories - In General 419
Clear Floor Space at a Lavatory 421
Faucets & Other Controls 422
Accessories at Lavatories 422
9.4 Toilets 425
Toilets - In General 425
Toilet Seats 426
Flush Controls 426
Toilet Clear Floor Spaces 427
Toilet Grab Bars 428
Dispensers 428
9.5 Urinals 433
Urinals - In General 433
Urinals - Technical Requirements 433
9.6 Grab Bars and Shower & Tub Seats 437
Grab Bars - In General 437
Grab Bars at Toilets 439
Grab Bars at Showers 441
Grab Bars at Bathtubs 443
Shower & Bathtub Seats - In General 445
Shower Seats 445
Bathtub Seats 446
9.7 Bathing - Tubs 451
Bathtubs - In General 451
Water Controls & Shower Spray Units 453
9.8 Bathing - Showers 457
Showers - In General 457
Transfer Showers 458
Standard Roll-In Showers 459
Alternate Roll-In Showers 461
Water Controls, Faucets, & Spray Units 462
Shower Accessories 464
9.9 Single-User Toilet & Bathing Rooms 467
In General 467
Specific Single-User Facility Requirements 468
Medical & Long-Term Care - Patient & On-Call Sleeping Rooms 471
Family & Assisted-Use Toileting & Bathing [IBC] 472
Adult Changing Facilities [CBC] 472
9.10 Multi-User Toilet Rooms 477
Multi-User Toilet Rooms - In General 477
Accessible Toilet Compartments - In General 478
Accessible Toilet Compartment Doors 479
Accessible Toilet Compartments 481
Ambulatory Toilet Compartments 484
Index
A 489
B, C 491
D 494
E 495
F, G 497
H 498
I, J, K 499
L, M 500
N, O 501
P 502
Q, R 504
S 505
T 508
U, V 510
W, Y, Z 511
Colophon 512
