The book examines the development of nutraceutical products featuring maximizing the vitamin benefits to human health and various health conditions.
Since vitamins are widely predicted to be one of the most significant nutritional advancements over the next 25 years, the editors of this book have brought together renowned experts in the field to provide a single authoritative resource for the nutraceutical sector. It is being published at a time when there is a pressing need to address the rising number of cases of nutritional deficiency disorders and the high number of deaths caused by a lack of knowledge or a deviation from healthy eating habits.
The book contains 12 chapters and begins by defining and classifying the field of vitamins, with a focus on legislative issues in both the United States and the European Union. In addition to discussing recent advances and applications, this book also includes scientific information on the importance of vitamins as nutraceuticals to human health, as well as the potential mechanisms of nutraceuticals in illness prevention, management, and control. The focus is on vitamins as nutraceuticals for health conditions such as human nutrition, pregnancy, oral health, anemia, and blindness. The book also explores the structure and function of various vitamins and covers the impact of various vitamins on immunity and the nutraceutical properties of seaweed vitamins and marine-derived sources of nutritional vitamins. The beneficial effects of water-soluble vitamins in nutrition, health promotion, and nutraceutical potential of fat-soluble vitamins, are also discussed.
Audience
The book will be read by a range of researchers and industry scientists such as vitamin formulators, food scientists and food manufacturers, as well as those in the pharmaceutical industry, nanotech industry, novel drug delivery research laboratories, and the health sector.
Table of Contents
Preface xiii
1 Introduction to Nutraceutical Vitamins 1
Khemchand R. Surana, Eknath D. Ahire, Shital J. Patil, Sunil K. Mahajan, Dhananjay M. Patil and Deepak D. Sonawane
1.1 Introduction 2
1.1.1 Multivitamins 4
1.1.2 Classification of Vitamins 4
1.2 Fat-Soluble Vitamins A, D, E, F, and K 4
1.2.1 Vitamin A 4
1.2.2 Vitamin d 6
1.2.3 Vitamin E 8
1.2.4 Vitamin F 9
1.2.5 Vitamin K 11
1.2.6 Water-Soluble Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B7, B9, B 12 (B complex), and c 12
1.2.6.1 Vitamin B 1 13
1.2.6.2 Vitamin B 2 15
1.2.6.3 Vitamin B 3 16
1.2.7 Vitamin B 5 17
1.2.8 Vitamin B 6 19
1.2.9 Vitamin B9, BC, Vitamin M, or Folacin 20
1.2.10 Vitamin B 12 22
1.2.11 Vitamin c 24
1.3 Conclusions 26
Acknowledgment 27
References 27
2 Structure and Functions of Vitamins 35
Suvarna S. Khairnar, Khemchand R. Surana, Eknath D. Ahire, Sunil K. Mahajan, Dhananjay M. Patil and Deepak D. Sonawane
2.1 Introduction 36
2.2 Structural Discussion 37
2.2.1 Vitamin A 37
2.2.2 Vitamin d 39
2.2.3 Vitamin E 41
2.2.4 Vitamin K 42
2.2.5 Vitamin B 1 43
2.2.6 Vitamin B 2 44
2.2.7 Vitamin B 3 45
2.2.8 Vitamin B7/H 46
2.2.9 Vitamin B9/Folic Acid 47
2.2.10 Vitamin B 12 48
2.2.11 Vitamin c 49
2.3 Conclusion 55
References 55
3 Vitamin Intervention in Cardiac Health 61
Shubham J. Khairnar, Eknath D. Ahire, Madhuri D. Deshmukh, Raj K. Keservani, Sanjay J. Kshirsagar, Amit Kumar Rajora and Manju Amit Kumar Rajora
3.1 Introduction 62
3.2 Vitamin Deficiency and Cardiovascular Disease 63
3.3 Vitamin Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease 66
3.4 Clinical Research Suggesting Antioxidant Vitamins’ Beneficial Effects in CVP 70
3.5 Beneficial Effects of B Vitamins in CVP 73
3.6 Role of Vitamin D in Cardiovascular Health 73
3.7 Conclusion 76
Acknowledgment 77
References 77
4 Impact of Vitamins on Immunity 87
Abhijeet G. Parkhe, Khemchand R. Surana, Eknath D. Ahire, Sunil K. Mahajan, Dhananjay M. Patil and Deepak D. Sonawane
4.1 Introduction 88
4.2 Vitamin-Rich Foods for the Management of Immune System-Related Diseases 89
4.3 Fat-Soluble Vitamins Reported in the Literature Commonly Used in the Treatment of the Immune System-Related Diseases 92
4.3.1 Vitamin A 92
4.3.2 Vitamin d 93
4.3.3 Vitamin E 94
4.4 Water Soluble Vitamins Reported in the Literature Commonly Used in the Treatment of the Immune System-Related Diseases 95
4.4.1 Vitamin B 1 95
4.4.2 Vitamin B 2 96
4.4.3 Vitamin B 3 97
4.4.4 Vitamin B 6 98
4.4.5 Vitamin B 9 98
4.4.6 Vitamin B 12 99
4.4.7 Vitamin c 99
4.5 Conclusion 100
Acknowledgment 100
References 101
5 Nutraceuticals Potential of Fat-Soluble Vitamins 107
Jagannath Gaikwad, Shweta Jogdand, Afsar Pathan, Ashwini Mahajan, Anmol Darak, Eknath D. Ahire and Khemchand R. Surana
5.1 Introduction 108
5.1.1 Categories of Nutraceuticals 109
5.1.2 Vitamins 110
5.1.2.1 Fat-Soluble Vitamins 111
5.1.2.2 Fat-Soluble Vitamins in COVID-19 116
5.1.2.3 Properties of Fat-Soluble Vitamins (Potential) 117
5.2 Prospective Market Potential of Vitamin K 2 123
5.3 Conclusion 123
Acknowledgment 124
References 124
6 Marine-Derived Sources of Nutritional Vitamins 129
Neelam L. Dashputre, Rahul R. Sable, Mayur Sawant, Shubham J. Khairnar, Eknath D. Ahire, Surabhi B. Patil and Jayesh D. Kadam
6.1 Introduction 130
6.2 Marine-Based Beneficial Molecules 131
6.2.1 Chitin and Chitosan 131
6.2.1.1 Anti-Oxidant Properties 132
6.2.1.2 Anti-Microbial Properties 133
6.2.1.3 Anti-Hypertensive Activity 134
6.2.1.4 Anti-Allergy and Anti-Inflammatory Activity 134
6.2.1.5 Anti-Obesity and Anti-Diabetic Activity 134
6.2.1.6 Anti-Cancer and Anti-Tumor Activity 135
6.3 Beneficial Molecules from Marine Macroalgae 136
6.3.1 Pigments 136
6.3.2 Polysaccharides 138
6.3.3 Phenolic Compounds 140
6.4 Fish Oil 141
6.5 EAA in Protein Supplement Systems 142
6.6 Minerals in Seafood for Human Diet 143
6.7 Marine-Based Vitamin Sources 144
6.8 Dopamine in Seafood as Drug and Supplement 149
6.9 Bioactive Peptides From Marine Sources 150
6.10 Gelatin From Marine Sources 151
6.11 Health Benefit of Nano-Based Materials for Bioactive Compounds from Marine-Based Sources 153
6.12 Conclusions 155
Acknowledgment 156
References 156
7 Nutraceutical Properties of Seaweed Vitamins 167
Afsar Pathan, Mahima M. Mahajan, Pankaj G. Jain, Shital P. Zambad, Govinda S. Bhandari, Anmol D. Darak, Eknath D. Ahire, Amit Kumar Rajora and Khemchand R. Surana
7.1 Introduction 168
7.2 Bioactive Compounds from Seaweeds 170
7.2.1 Vitamins 170
7.2.2 Polysaccharides 170
7.2.3 Lipids and Fatty Acids 170
7.2.4 Phytochemicals 171
7.3 Seaweed Vitamins as Nutraceuticals 171
7.4 Types of Seaweed Vitamin 172
7.5 Vitamin Composition in Seaweed 173
7.5.1 Therapeutic Properties of Seaweed Vitamins 175
7.6 Future Perspectives 178
7.7 Conclusion 179
Acknowledgment 180
References 180
8 Vitamins as Nutraceuticals for Pregnancy 185
Tushar N. Lokhande, Kshitij S. Varma, Shrikant M. Gharate, Sunil K. Mahajan and Khemchand R. Surana
8.1 Introduction 186
8.1.1 Diet and Nourishment in Pregnancy 186
8.2 Role of Important Vitamins in Pregnancy 188
8.2.1 Vitamin A/Retinol 188
8.2.2 Vitamin D/Calciferol 189
8.2.3 Vitamin E/Tocopherol 189
8.2.4 Vitamin B1/Thiamine 191
8.2.5 Vitamin B7/Biotin 191
8.2.6 Vitamin B9/Folic Acid 191
8.2.7 Vitamin B12/Cobalamin/Cyanocobalamin 192
8.2.8 Vitamin C/Ascorbic Acid 192
8.3 Concept of Nutraceuticals 194
8.4 Targeted Nutrition Foods for Pregnancy 195
8.5 Concentrations of Vitamins During Pregnancy 196
8.6 Role of Vitamins in the Body 197
8.7 Herbal Sources as a Vitamin 197
8.8 Conclusion 198
Acknowledgment 199
References 199
9 Role of Vitamins in Metabolic Diseases 205
Simona D’souza, Pavan Udavant, Jayesh Kadam, Shubham Khairnar, Eknath D. Ahire and Rahul Sable
Abbreviations 206
9.1 Introduction 207
9.1.1 Introduction to Vitamins 207
9.1.1.1 Fat-Soluble Vitamins 209
9.1.1.2 Water-Soluble Vitamins 209
9.2 Metabolic Diseases 210
9.2.1 Role of Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Metabolic Diseases 211
9.2.1.1 Vitamin A 211
9.2.1.2 Vitamin d 214
9.2.1.3 Vitamin E 217
9.2.1.4 Vitamin K 219
9.2.2 Role of Water-Soluble Vitamins in Metabolic Diseases 222
9.2.2.1 Vitamin B 3 222
9.2.2.2 Vitamin B 5 223
9.2.2.3 Vitamin B 6 224
9.2.2.4 Vitamin B 2 225
9.2.2.5 Vitamin B 9 225
9.2.2.6 Vitamin B 12 225
9.2.2.7 Vitamin c 227
9.3 Can Ascorbic Acid Lead to Cancer? 228
9.4 Conclusion 229
Acknowledgment 229
References 229
10 Beneficial Effects of Water‐Soluble Vitamins in Nutrition and Health Promotion 235
Afsar S. Pathan, Pankaj G. Jain, Ashwini B. Mahajan, Vivek S. Kumawat, Eknath D. Ahire, Khemchand R. Surana, Amit K. Rajora and Manju Amit Kumar Rajora
10.1 Introduction 236
10.1.1 Vitamin and Its Types 237
10.1.1.1 Water-Soluble Vitamins 237
10.1.1.2 Fat-Soluble Vitamins 238
10.1.2 History of Vitamins 238
10.1.2.1 Vitamin B-Complex 239
10.2 Beneficial Effects of Vitamins on Nutrition 244
10.3 Beneficial Effects of Water-Soluble Vitamins in Health Promotion 247
10.3.1 Vitamin B 1 247
10.3.2 Vitamin c 247
10.4 Future Prospective of the Water-Soluble Vitamins 248
10.5 Conclusion 249
Acknowledgment 249
References 249
11 Vitamins as Nutraceuticals for Anemia 253
Snehal D. Pawar, Shubham D. Deore, Nikita P. Bairagi, Vaishnavi B. Deshmukh, Tushar N. Lokhande and Khemchand R. Surana
11.1 Introduction 254
11.1.1 Classification of Nutraceuticals 255
11.2 Anemia 255
11.2.1 Types of Anemia 256
11.2.2 Causes of Anemia 258
11.3 Role of Vitamins in Nutraceuticals for Anemia 258
11.3.1 Role of Iron in Anemia as Nutraceutical 258
11.3.2 Vitamin A 259
11.3.3 Vitamin c 260
11.3.4 Vitamin E 261
11.3.5 Folate 262
11.3.6 Vitamin B 12 263
11.3.7 Riboflavin 263
11.4 Structure of Vitamins 265
11.5 Conclusion 275
Acknowledgment 275
References 275
12 Vitamins as Nutraceuticals for Oral Health 281
Tushar N. Lokhande, Snehal D. Pawar, Snehal S. Kolpe, Khemchand R. Surana, Smita C. Bonde and Sunil K. Mahajan
12.1 Introduction 282
12.1.1 Nutraceuticals Categorized Based on Food Available in Market 283
12.2 Vitamins 285
12.2.1 History of Vitamins 286
12.2.2 Importance of Vitamins for Humans 287
12.3 Role of Vitamins as Nutraceutical for Oral Health 287
12.3.1 Vitamins Associated with the Oral Health as Nutraceuticals 287
12.3.3.1 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) 287
12.3.3.2 Vitamin d 289
12.3.3.3 Vitamin E 290
12.3.3.4 Vitamin K (MKs) 291
12.3.3.5 Vitamin A 292
12.3.3.6 Vitamin B-Complex 293
12.4 Before Nutraceuticals 294
12.5 Conclusion 295
Acknowledgement 295
References 295
Index 301
