Interpretation Basics of Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Second Edition is a practical identification guide for interpreting CBCT findings in dental practice. Offering multiple high-quality images for each example provided, this easy-to-use guide is designed for those new to CBCT scans as well as more experienced practitioners in need of a reference tool of normal anatomy, common anatomical variants, and incidental findings.
Extensively revised throughout, the Second Edition features a brand-new chapter on findings of the maxilla and mandible, and additional incidental findings and common anatomical variants. Every chapter in the book now includes sections covering anatomic variations, developmental anomalies, pathosis, and other considerations. All information has been carefully reviewed and updated to incorporate recent research in the field and reflect newer guidelines from various specialty organizations. This new edition:
- Enables rapid reference to common CBCT findings, with multiple images for each finding
- Features a streamlined framework that makes relevant information easier to find and apply in dental practice
- Offers hundreds of new images to aid in correctly identifying findings
- Contains new and updated content, including expanded coverage of CBCT and implants
- Provides sample reports and explains how they are used in day-to-day clinical practice
Interpretation Basics of Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Second Edition remains a must-have resource for all dental practitioner and specialists who use CBCT, dental students in radiology interpretation courses, and residents beginning to use CBCT in their specialty.
Table of Contents
Preface to the Second Edition ix
Acknowledgments xi
About the Companion Website xiii
1. Introduction to Cone Beam Computed Tomography 1
Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 1
Conventional Computed Tomography 1
Cone Beam Computed Tomography 2
Conventional CT versus Cone Beam CT 2
Viewing CBCT Data 4
Artifacts 7
References 11
2. Cone Beam Computed Tomography Recommendations 13
Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 13
Endodontics 13
Orthodontics 18
Periodontics 24
References 30
3. Legal Issues Concerning Cone Beam Computed Tomography 33
Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 33
Standard of Care 33
Recommendations 34
Summary 36
References 37
4. Paranasal Sinuses and Mastoid Air Cells 39
Gayle Tieszen Reardon
Introduction 39
Anatomy 39
Inflammatory Disease of the Paranasal Sinuses 56
Intrinsic Disease of the Paranasal Sinuses 60
Postsurgical Changes of Paranasal Sinuses 69
References 70
5. The Sinonasal Cavity and Airway 73
Gayle Tieszen Reardon
Introduction 73
Anatomy 73
Surgical Variations 87
Inflammatory Diseases 89
The Pharynx 91
The Nasopharynx 92
The Oropharynx 93
The Hypopharynx (Also Called Laryngopharynx) 95
The Parapharyngeal Space 95
References 96
6. Cranial Skull Base and Orbits 97
Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 97
Anatomy 97
Anatomic Variants/Developmental Anomalies 106
Incidental Findings 111
References 113
7. Soft Tissues 115
Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 115
Pathosis - Arterial Calcifications 115
Pathosis - Other Calcifications 122
Incidental Findings - Soft Tissue of the Brain 126
Incidental Findings - Orbital Cavity 133
Incidental Findings - Face 136
References 138
8. Cervical Spine 141
Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 141
Anatomy 141
Anatomic Variants/Developmental Anomalies 147
Pathosis 153
References 158
9. Maxilla and Mandible (excluding TMJs) 161
Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 161
Anatomy 161
Anatomic Variants/Developmental Anomalies 167
Pathosis 169
Incidental Findings 178
References 182
10. Temporomandibular Joints 183
Gayle Tieszen Reardon
Introduction 183
Normal Anatomy and Function 183
Developmental Abnormalities 187
Soft‐Tissue Abnormalities 192
Remodeling and Arthritis 194
Trauma 204
Tumors 206
References 207
11. Implants 209
Gayle Tieszen Reardon and Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 209
Imaging for Implant Purposes 210
CBCT Image Development 214
Gray Values and Hounsfield Units 214
Bone Density: A Key Determinant for Treatment Planning 215
Linear Measurement Accuracy 216
Mandibular Canal 217
Virtual Implant Placement Software 218
References 221
Appendix Sample Reports 223
Shawneen M. Gonzalez
Introduction 223
General Health Report 224
Pathology Report 226
Endodontic Report 231
Index 237
