Maintaining its didactic approach, this successful textbook provides clear and easy-to-follow instructions for carrying out the experiments, illustrating the most important principles and applications in modern electrochemistry, while pointing out the potential dangers and risks involved.
This second edition contains 84 experiments, many of which cover electrochemical energy conversion and storage as well as electrochemical equilibrium.
Table of Contents
Preface to the Second Edition ix
Preface to the First Edition xi
Foreword to the Second Edition xv
Symbols and Acronyms xvii
1 Introduction: An Overview of Practical Electrochemistry 1
Practical Hints 2
Electrodes 3
Measuring Instruments 6
Electrochemical Cells 7
Data Recording 9
2 Electrochemistry in Equilibrium 11
Experiment 2.1: The Electrochemical Series 11
Experiment 2.2: Standard Electrode Potentials and the Mean Activity Coefficient 15
Experiment 2.3: pH Measurements and Potentiometrically Indicated Titrations 20
Experiment 2.4: Redox Titrations (Cerimetry) 25
Experiment 2.5: Differential Potentiometric Titration 27
Experiment 2.6: Potentiometric Measurement of the Kinetics of the Oxidation of Oxalic Acid 30
Experiment 2.7: Polarization and Decomposition Voltage 34
Experiment 2.8: A Simple Relative Hydrogen Electrode 39
3 Electrochemistry with Flowing Current 43
Experiment 3.1: Ion Movement in an Electric Field 44
Experiment 3.2: Paper Electrophoresis 46
Experiment 3.3: Charge Transport in Electrolyte Solution 47
Experiment 3.4: Conductance Titration 51
Experiment 3.5: Chemical Constitution and Electrolytic Conductance 54
Experiment 3.6: Faraday’s Law 56
Experiment 3.7: Kinetics of Ester Saponification 58
Experiment 3.8: Movement of Ions and Hittorf Transport Number 62
Experiment 3.9: Polarographic Investigation of the Electroreduction of Formaldehyde 68
Experiment 3.10: Galvanostatic Measurement of Stationary Current-Potential Curves 72
Experiment 3.11: Cyclic Voltammetry 75
Experiment 3.12: Slow Scan Cyclic Voltammetry 82
Experiment 3.13: Kinetic Investigations with Cyclic Voltammetry 86
Experiment 3.14: Numerical Simulation of Cyclic Voltammograms 90
Experiment 3.15: Cyclic Voltammetry with Microelectrodes 92
Experiment 3.16: Cyclic Voltammetry of Organic Molecules 96
Experiment 3.17: Cyclic Voltammetry in Nonaqueous Solutions 102
Experiment 3.18: Cyclic Voltammetry with Sequential Electrode Processes 104
Experiment 3.19: Cyclic Voltammetry of Aromatic Hydrocarbons 107
Experiment 3.20: Cyclic Voltammetry of Aniline and Polyaniline 110
Experiment 3.21: Galvanostatic Step Measurements 115
Experiment 3.22: Cyclic Voltammetry of a Supercapacitor Electrode 118
Experiment 3.23: Chronoamperometry 121
Experiment 3.24: Chronocoulometry 122
Experiment 3.25: Rotating Disk Electrode 124
Experiment 3.26: Rotating Ring-Disk Electrode 130
Experiment 3.27: Measurement of Electrode Impedances 133
Experiment 3.28: Corrosion Cells 136
Experiment 3.29: Aeration Cell 138
Experiment 3.30: Concentration Cell 139
Experiment 3.31: Salt Water Drop Experiment According to Evans 141
Experiment 3.32: Passivation and Activation of an Iron Surface 142
Experiment 3.33: Cyclic Voltammetry with Corroding Electrodes 143
Experiment 3.34: Tafel Plot of a Corroding Electrode 145
Experiment 3.35: Impedance of a Corroding Electrode 148
Experiment 3.36: Linear Polarization Resistance of a Corroding Electrode 150
Experiment 3.37: Oscillating Reactions 152
4 Analytical Electrochemistry 155
Experiment 4.1: Ion-Sensitive Electrode 156
Experiment 4.2: Potentiometrically Indicated Titrations 158
Experiment 4.3: Bipotentiometrically Indicated Titration 163
Experiment 4.4: Conductometrically Indicated Titration 165
Experiment 4.5: Electrogravimetry 167
Experiment 4.6: Coulometric Titration 170
Experiment 4.7: Amperometry 172
Experiment 4.8: Polarography (Fundamentals) 178
Experiment 4.9: Polarography (Advanced Methods) 182
Experiment 4.10: Anodic Stripping Voltammetry 183
Experiment 4.11: Abrasive Stripping Voltammetry 186
Experiment 4.12: Polarographic Analysis of Anions 189
Experiment 4.13: Tensammetry 191
5 Nontraditional Electrochemistry 197
Experiment 5.1: UV-Vis Spectroscopy 197
Experiment 5.2: Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy 200
Experiment 5.3: Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of a
Self-Assembled Monolayer 203
Experiment 5.4: Infrared Spectroelectrochemistry 205
Experiment 5.5: Electrochromism 207
Experiment 5.6: Raman Spectroscopic Monitoring of Charge/Discharge of an Intrinsically Conducting Polyaniline Supercapacitor Electrode Material 209
6 Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 211
Experiment 6.1: Lead-Acid Accumulator 211
Experiment 6.2: Discharge Behavior of Nickel-Cadmium Accumulators 216
Experiment 6.3: Performance Data of a Fuel Cell 218
Experiment 6.4: Charging Supercapacitors 221
Experiment 6.5: Discharging Supercapacitors 224
Experiment 6.6: Zinc-Air Cell 227
Experiment 6.7: Lithium-Ion Battery 228
Experiment 6.8: Low-Temperature Discharge Behavior of Nickel-Cadmium Accumulators 230
Experiment 6.9: Discharge Behavior of Nickel-Cadmium Accumulators at Constant Load 233
Experiment 6.10: Impedance of a Button Cell 234
Experiment 6.11: Potentiostatic Polarization Curves 236
Experiment 6.12: Galvanostatic Polarization Curves 237
7 Electrochemical Production 241
Experiment 7.1: Cementation Reaction 241
Experiment 7.2: Galvanic Copper Deposition 242
Experiment 7.3: Electrochemical Oxidation of Aluminum 244
Experiment 7.4: Kolbe Electrolysis of Acetic Acid 245
Experiment 7.5: Electrolysis of Acetyl Acetone 247
Experiment 7.6: Anodic Oxidation of Malonic Acid Diethylester 250
Experiment 7.7: Indirect Anodic Dimerization of Acetoacetic Ester (3-Oxo-Butyric Acid Ethyl Ester) 251
Experiment 7.8: Electrochemical Bromination of Acetone 253
Experiment 7.9: Electrochemical Iodination of Ethanol 255
Experiment 7.10: Electrochemical Production of Potassium Peroxodisulfate 257
Experiment 7.11: Yield of Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis According to the Diaphragm Process 258
Appendix 261
Index 263
