Enables readers to quickly understand core issues and field development of sodium-ion capacitors
Sodium-Ion Capacitors summarizes and outlines the dynamics and development of sodium-ion capacitors, covering key aspects of the technology including background, classification and configuration, key technologies, and more, allowing readers to gain an understanding of sodium-ion capacitors from the perspective of both industrial technology and electrochemistry.
Sodium-Ion Capacitors includes information on: - EDLC-type mechanism of SCs and battery-type mechanism of SIBs, definition and types of pseudocapacitance, and energy storage mechanism of pseudocapacitors - Cathode materials for sodium-ion capacitors, covering EDLC cathode materials, carbon nanotubes, reduced graphene oxide, and hollow carbon microspheres - Flexible battery-type anode and capacitive cathode SICs cell configurations, including flexible electrodes based on carbon nanofiber, graphene substrates, carbon cloth, MXenes, and metal foil - Pre-sodiation technologies, covering operation with Li metal, usage of Li-based alternatives, and the sacrificial additives method
Summarizing the development, directions, potential, and core issues of sodium-ion capacitors, Sodium-Ion Capacitors is an essential resource on the subject for materials scientists, solid-state chemists and electrochemists, and semiconductor physicists in both industry and academia.
Table of Contents
Preface ix
1 Introduction 1
Peng Cai, Wentao Deng, Hongshuai Hou, Guoqiang Zou, and Xiaobo Ji
1.1 A Brief Development of SICs 1
1.2 Comparison Between Different Hybrid-Ion Capacitors 4
1.3 SICs Energy Storage Mechanism Introduction 16
1.4 Key Technologies of SICs 17
2 Characteristics of Sodium-Ion Capacitor Devices 27
Peng Cai, Wentao Deng, Hongshuai Hou, Guoqiang Zou, and Xiaobo Ji
2.1 Basic Features 27
2.2 Working Principle 30
2.3 Equations 32
3 Fundamental Understanding of Sodium-Ion Capacitors Mechanism 45
Peng Cai, Wentao Deng, Hongshuai Hou, Guoqiang Zou, and Xiaobo Ji
3.1 EDLC-Type Mechanism of SCs and Battery-Type Mechanism of SIBs 45
3.2 Pseudocapacitance Mechanism 46
4 Classification of Sodium-Ion Capacitors Cell Configurations 63
Peng Cai, Wentao Deng, Guoqiang Zou, Hongshuai Hou, and Xiaobo Ji
4.1 Battery-Type Anode and EDLC Cathode SICs Cell Configurations 63
4.2 Battery-Type Anode and Pseudocapacitive Cathode SICs Cell Configurations 64
4.3 EDLC Anode and Battery-Type Cathode SICs Cell Configurations 66
4.4 Pseudocapacitive Anode and Battery-Type Cathode SICs Cell Configurations 66
4.5 Capacitive Anode and Hybrid Cathode SICs Cell Configurations 67
4.6 Summary 69
5 Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Capacitors 75
Xiong Zhang, Wenjie Liu, Lei Wang, Chen Li, and Yanwei Ma
5.1 Introduction 75
5.2 EDLC Cathode Materials 77
5.3 Pseudocapacitive Cathode Materials 90
5.4 Battery-Type Cathode Materials 102
6 Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Capacitors 115
Kangyu Zou, Wentao Deng, Hongshuai Hou, Xiaobo Ji, and Guoqiang Zou
6.1 EDLC Anode Materials 120
6.2 Pseudocapacitive Anode Materials 123
6.3 Battery-Type Anode Materials 128
6.4 Other Novel Materials 169
7 Flexible Sodium-Ion Capacitor Devices 183
Taoqiu Zhang and Huanwen Wang
7.1 Flexible SICs Devices 183
7.2 Flexible Capacitive Anode and Battery-Type Cathode SICs Cell Configurations 211
7.3 Electrolytes in Flexible SICs Devices 217
8 Pre-sodiation Technologies 225
Zirui Song, Chang Liu, and Xiaobo Ji
8.1 Introduction 225
8.2 Pre-lithiation in Lithium-Ion Batteries 226
8.3 Pre-sodiation in Sodium-Ion Batteries 236
8.4 Pre-sodiation in Sodium-Ion Capacitors 238
9 Conclusions and Future Perspective 249
Kangyu Zou, Wentao Deng, Hongshuai Hou, Guoqiang Zou, and Xiaobo Ji
9.1 Definitions and Mechanisms 249
9.2 Configurations 250
9.3 Electrode Materials 251
9.4 Key Technologies 251
9.5 Future Perspective 252
Index 259
