Explore a wide range of strategies and techniques to build your school counselor consulting skillset
In the newly revised Second Edition of School Counselor Consultation: Skills for Working Effectively With Parents, Teachers, and Other School Personnel, a team of distinguished counselors delivers a comprehensive and insightful exploration of the consultation process. With a strong focus on proven, practical techniques, this book offers readers a detailed case consultation model, an interactive workshop model, concise discussions of trauma-informed practices, consultations supporting students with anxiety, and more.
The book also includes:
- An emphasis on building the skills necessary for counselors to facilitate the personal, social, career, and academic growth of students.
- An integration of theory and practice using an experiential approach to developing consulting competence.
- Appendices and sample activities that outline the techniques and strategies used to support learning.
Perfect for students pursuing master's degrees in Education, School Counselor Consultation is also ideal for school counselling students and practitioners seeking a hands-on framework for applying consulting theory and approaches to the school setting.
Table of Contents
Foreword xi
Introduction and Overview: Building Consultation Skills xiii
List of Tables xxii
Part I: Grounding Your Approach to Consultation in the Schools 1
1 School Counselors as Consultants 3
Personal and Professional Growth Orientation 4
Knowledge of Consultation and Human Behavior 4
Consultation Skills 4
A Multicultural and Diversity Perspective 5
Why Consult? 6
2 A School-Based Approach to Consultation: Supporting Models and Theories 8
Consultation in Schools 8
Theoretical Approach 9
Models of Consultation 10
Another Approach to Organization of Models 12
Models and Theory Central to this Approach 12
Case Consultation Model 13
Teaching/Workshop Model 14
3 The Practical Advantage of Adlerian Theory in Teacher and Parent Consultation 15
The Three Cs of the Adlerian Approach 16
Capable 16
Connected 17
Contributing 18
Encouragement 18
Mistaken Goals of Behavior 19
Attention-Seeking 20
Revenge- and Power-Seeking 21
Avoidance of Failure 22
Summary 23
4 Ethical Issues in Consultation 24
Tripartite Relationship 24
Information about the Student 25
Information about the Consultee 27
Nonsupervisory Relationship 27
Voluntary and Temporary Relationship 28
Encourages Consultee Self-Reliance 28
Work-Related Relationship 29
Other Ethical Issues 29
Working with Other Professionals 30
Competence 30
Values 30
Additional Considerations 31
Part II: Working in Schools as a Consultant 33
5 Case Consultation with Teachers and Parents 35
Basic Consultation Model 35
Before the Consultation 36
Step I: Prepare for the Consultation 36
During the Consultation 37
Step II: Define the Process and Develop the Relationship 37
Step III: Gather and Present Information about the Student 38
Summary of Five Question Guide 39
Step IV: Choose Behaviors to Work On 40
After the Consultation 43
Step V: Follow-Up 43
6 Typical Issues in School Consultation 44
How to Refer Students 44
Teach Your Faculty the Referral Process 45
Encourage Teacher Involvement 45
Let Teachers Know What to Expect with Regard to Follow-up 45
What Parents and Teachers Can Tell Students about Seeing the Counselor 45
Frequently Asked Questions 47
From Teachers 47
From Parents 47
From Administrators 47
Consultee Resistance 48
7 Workshops and Education Programs 49
Workshop Model 49
Programs for Teachers 50
Student Success Skills 52
Tribes: A New Way of Learning and Being Together 52
Open Circle 52
Preparing Parents for a Different Approach 52
Programs for Parents 53
Parent Success Skills 53
MegaSkills® 53
Roots and Wings: Raising Resilient Children 55
Building Successful Partnerships: A Guide for Developing Parent and Family Involvement 55
8 Other Opportunities for Consultation in Schools 56
Parent-Teacher-Counselor Conferences 56
Student-Teacher-Counselor Conferences 57
Teacher Team Consultation 58
Grade-Level Team Meetings 58
School-Based Teams 59
Consider Member Composition 59
Determine Meeting Logistics 59
The Consultative Process 61
Plans for Follow-up 62
Referral Teams 62
Common School-Based Recommendations for Students with Task Completion Difficulties 64
Teacher Advisor Programs 65
Other Suggestions about Kinds of Consultation 66
9 Classroom Meetings: Creating a Climate of Cooperation 68
Benefits of Classroom Meetings 68
The Classroom Meeting Format 69
Teaching Teachers to Use Classroom Meetings 71
Barriers to Effective Classroom Meetings and Strategies to Overcome them 71
10 Consultation with Administrators 74
The Importance of Gaining Administrator Support for Your Program 74
Crisis Intervention: Planning for and Responding to a Crisis 75
The Role of the School Counselor 75
Guidelines for Responding to a Crisis 76
School-Wide Plans 78
Web Sites with Links to Resources Related to Crisis Prevention and Response 78
Crisis and Trauma Resources: Professional Development 78
Additional Resources 78
The Process of School-Wide Change 79
The School Counselor and Discipline Planning 79
Advocating for Student Involvement When Assessing School-Wide Need 79
Providing Workshops/In-Service for Teachers 80
Providing Workshops/Information to Parents 80
Helping Administrators and Staff Understand the “Scope” of School-Wide Discipline 80
Being Involved in the Development of a School-Wide Plan for Discipline 80
A Four-Key Approach to School-Wide Discipline 81
Key 1: The Identification, Development, and Practice of Desired Social Skills 81
Key 2: Encouraging and Reinforcing Desired Behaviors 81
Key 3: Corrective Intervention Strategies and Consultation 81
Key 4: Support System and Additional Intervention Strategies for Students Who are Not Experiencing Success 82
11 Consultation in the Community 84
Referrals 84
Speakers Bureau 85
Parent Group 85
Parent-Teacher Organization 85
Service or Civic Clubs 86
Business Partners or Partners in Education 86
Community Task Forces 86
Grandparent Programs 87
Keys to Successful Community Involvement 87
Part III: Addressing 21st Century Needs 89
12 The School Counselor as Leader 91
Qualities and Styles of Effective Leadership 91
Social-Emotional Leadership 92
Servant Leadership 92
School Counselor’s Role as Leader and Advocate 93
Transformative Leadership 94
Competencies to Advocate for School Counseling Roles 95
Promoting Equity and Cultural Competence 95
Multicultural and Social Justice Leadership Form (MSJLF) 96
Leading through Data-Driven Decision Making 97
LEAD 97
13 Systemic Approach to School-Wide Consultation 100
Systemic Approach to School-Family-Community Consultation 101
Identification of Stakeholders in Systems and Metasystems 101
Evidence-Based Approaches and Activities 103
Systemic Social and Emotional Learning 103
Creating a Foundation of Support 104
Adult SEL Development 104
SEL for Students 104
Practice Continuous Improvement 105
Advocating for Student-within-Environment 105
Coregulation 105
Social Justice Initiative 106
14 Consultation Supporting Student Mental Health: Anxiety 108
Introduction to Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents 108
Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression 109
Anxiety Disorders 109
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) 111
Separation Anxiety 111
Social Anxiety (Social Phobia) 112
Panic Disorder (PD) 113
Specific Phobias 113
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) 114
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) 114
Depression 115
Possible Interventions and Supports 115
The School Counselor’s Role in Addressing Anxiety Issues in Students 116
15 Consultation and Trauma-Infused Practices 119
What is Trauma? 119
Recognizing the Signs of Trauma 121
Trauma-Informed Practices in Schools 122
The Role of the School Counselor in Building Trauma-Informed Schools 123
Design and Deliver a Comprehensive School Counseling Program 123
Pay Attention to the Classroom Climate 124
Address Trauma with a Multitiered Approach 125
Leverage Consultation to Strengthen Stakeholder Skills 127
Engage in School-Wide Practices to Promote and Empower All Students 129
Establish Community Partnerships 130
Summary 130
16 School Counselor Consultation and Working with Undocumented Students 132
Overview of Undocumented Students 132
DACA and Dreamers 133
Undocumented Students’ Access to Education 134
Working with Undocumented Students and Families in Schools 135
Addressing Risk Factors Facing Undocumented Youth 136
Addressing the Needs of Undocumented Students at All Levels 137
Create Welcoming, Safe, and Supportive Environments 138
Improve School and Family Communication 138
Increase Awareness of Culturally Sensitive Practices 138
Support After-School Activities 139
Conduct Needs Assessments 139
Obtain Consent Early 139
Focus on College Readiness and Planning 139
Explore Career Opportunities 140
Provide Support for Students’ Transition to College 140
Summary 142
About the Authors 144
References 146
Index 161
