For over 25 years, Yamada’s Textbook of Gastroenterology has been the most comprehensive gastroenterology reference book, combining an encyclopedic basic science approach to GI and liver disease with the latest clinical thinking, especially in diagnostic and therapeutic developments. It is universally respected across the globe.
The original outstanding editorial team was led by Tadataka Yamada, MD, one of the world’s leading figures in GI research. This seventh edition of the Textbook features a new set of Editors-in-Chief and a new team of Associate Editors. This new editorial team has made substantial changes and updates to the Textbook, with a greater focus on the human microbiome, obesity, bariatric endoscopy and aging, along with consolidation of many older chapters.
Led by Professor Michael Camilleri and Professor Timothy C. Wang, a stellar group of associate editors have once again combined with authors in their respective fields to communicate their vast fund of knowledge and experience to make the 7th edition of this iconic textbook the most comprehensive ever published.
Table of Contents
Contributors xi
Preface xxiii
Foreword by Tadataka Yamada xxv
About the companion website xxvii
Part 1 General principles
1 Development and differentiation of the gastrointestinal system 3
Jianwen Que and Daniel K. Podolsky
2 Gut stem cells and tissue renewal 31
Johan H. van Es, Sina Bartfeld, and Hans Clevers
3 Esophagus: anatomy and structural anomalies 42
Ikuo Hirano
4 Stomach and duodenum: anatomy and structural anomalies 60
Erik C. von Rosenvinge and Jean‐Pierre Raufman
5 Small intestine: anatomy and structural anomalies 72
Anisa Shaker and Deborah C. Rubin
6 Colon: anatomy and structural anomalies 93
Bo Shen
7 Pancreas: anatomy and structural anomalies 114
Kazuki N. Sugahara and John A. Chabot
8 Abdominal cavity: anatomy, structural anomalies, and hernias 131
Stella Joyce, Kevin P. Murphy, Michael M. Maher, and Owen J. O’Connor
9 Gallbladder and biliary tract: anatomy and structural anomalies 146
Theodore H. Welling
10 Liver: anatomy, microscopic structure, and cell types 157
Maria Westerhoff and Laura Lamps
11 Gastrointestinal blood flow 168
Brian D. Hosfield and Troy A. Markel
12 The innervation of the gastrointestinal tract 191
John B. Furness, Ruslan V. Pustovit, Linda J. Fothergill, Rachel M. McQuade, and Martin J. Stebbing
Volume One
13 Smooth muscle and pacemakers of the gut 213
Kenton M. Sanders and Brian A. Perrino
14 Mucosal immune system 242
Lars Eckmann and Giorgos Bamias
15 Epithelia and gastrointestinal function 271
Sandra D. Chanez‐Paredes, and Jerrold R. Turner
16 Electrolyte secretion and absorption in the small intestine and colon 283
Kim E. Barrett and Stephen J. Keely
17 Gastric secretions 313
John Geibel
18 Pancreatic secretion 334
Kristyn Gumpper, Luis F. Lara, Zobeida Cruz‐Monserrate, and Darwin L. Conwell
19 Bile secretion and cholestasis 352
James E. Squires and Andrew P. Feranchak
20 General nutritional principles 376
Xiaowen Fan, Rebecca Rudel, Matthew Berger, Melissa Hershman, and David S. Seres
21 Nutrient digestion, absorption, and sensing 408
Shrinivas Bishu and Eamonn M. M. Quigley
22 Vitamins and minerals 426
Berkeley N. Limketkai, Laura E. Matarese, and Gerard E. Mullin
23 Nutrition Support 457
Dong Wook Kim and David S. Seres
24 Control of food intake 478
Andres Acosta
25 Eating disorders 487
Leslie Sim, Jocelyn Lebow, and Janna R. Gewirtz O’Brien
26 The aging gastrointestinal tract: digestive and motility problems 505
Michael Camilleri
27 Neoplasia of the gastrointestinal tract 512
E. Ramsay Camp, Denise I. Garcia, and Raymond N. DuBois
28 Drug metabolism, transport, and pharmacogenomics 522
Ann M. Moyer and Joel M. Reid
29 Medical Decision Making 540
John M. Inadomi
Part 2 Symptom management
30 Approach to the patient with dysphagia, odynophagia, or noncardiac chest pain 551
Albert J. Bredenoord
31 Approach to the patient with dyspepsia and related functional gastrointestinal complaints 560
Jan Tack
32 Approach to the patient with unintentional weight loss 567
Anupam Rej and David S. Sanders
33 Approach to the patient with nausea and vomiting 577
Brian E. Lacy and David Cangemi
34 Approach to the patient with abdominal pain, gas, and bloating 599
Amrit K. Kamboj and Amy S. Oxentenko
35 Approach to the patient with diarrhea 629
Gail A. Hecht and Judy A. Trieu
36 Approach to the patient with constipation 653
Satish S.C. Rao
37 Approach to the patient with acute abdomen 680
Courtney B. Sherman and Kenneth McQuaid
38 Approach to the patient with gastrointestinal bleeding 697
Kevin A. Ghassemi and Dennis M. Jensen
39 Approach to the patient with abnormal liver chemistries or jaundice 720
Yumi Ando and Joseph Ahn
Part 3 Gastrointestinal diseases
40 Approach to gastrointestinal and liver diseases in pregnancy 733
Stacy Menees and Grace L. Su
41 Genetic counseling for gastrointestinal patients 764
Veroushka Ballester and Fay Kastrinos
42 Motility Disorders of the Esophagus 787
John E. Pandolfino, David A. Katzka, and Peter J. Kahrilas
43 Gastroesophageal reflux disease 815
Sabine Roman, John E. Pandolfino, and Peter J. Kahrilas
44 Eosinophilic esophagitis 839
Nirmala Gonsalves and David A. Katzka
45 Esophageal infections and disorders associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 847
C. Mel Wilcox
46 Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma 859
Stuart Jon Spechler, David H. Wang, and Rhonda F. Souza
47 Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and other neoplasms 894
Adam J. Bass and Anil K. Rustgi
48 Miscellaneous diseases of the esophagus: foreign bodies, physical injury, and systemic and dermatological diseases 909
Craig C. Reed, Evan S. Dellon, and Nicholas J. Shaheen
49 Peptic ulcer disease 924
Mohammad Yaghoobi and David Armstrong
50 Zollinger-Ellison syndrome 977
David C. Metz and Robert T. Jensen
51 Gastritis and gastropathy 1004
Mary Kay Washington and Richard M. Peek Jr
52 Tumors of the stomach 1023
Emad M. El- Omar and Howard Yim
53 Miscellaneous diseases of the stomach 1047
Tamas A. Gonda and Abraham Krikhely
Volume Two
Contributors xi
Preface xxiii
Foreword by Tadataka Yamada xxv
About the companion website xxvii
Part 3 Gastrointestinal diseases (Continued)
54 Normal gastric emptying and disorders of gastric emptying 1061
Henry P. Parkman
55 Dysmotility of the small intestine and colon 1093
David O. Prichard and Lawrence Szarka
56 Celiac disease 1122
Daniel A. Leffler, Melinda Dennis, and Benjamin Lebwohl
57 Disorders of epithelial transport, metabolism, and digestion in the small intestine 1137
Sushila R. Dalal and Carol E. Semrad
58 Bacterial overgrowth 1155
Eamonn M.M. Quigley, Magnus Simrén, and Stephen J. Vanner
59 Short bowel syndrome and small bowel transplantation 1168
John K. DiBaise, Samuel Kesseli, and Debra Sudan
60 Tumors of the small intestine 1190
M. Rosario Ferreira and Barbara Jung
61 Miscellaneous diseases of the small intestine 1213
Marc S. Levin
62 Inflammatory bowel diseases: pathogenesis 1232
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Ramnik J. Xavier, and Daniel K. Podolsky
63 Ulcerative colitis: clinical manifestations and management 1248
Siddharth Singh and Parambir S. Dulai
64 Crohn’s disease: clinical manifestations and management 1294
Christina Ha, Dermot McGovern, and Gil Y. Melmed
65 Surgical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease 1324
Amy L. Lightner and Stefan D. Holubar
66 Microscopic colitis, checkpoint inhibitor colitis, and other miscellaneous inflammatory and structural disorders of the colon 1354
Amanda M. Johnson, Eugene F. Yen, Edward V. Loftus Jr, and Darrell S. Pardi
67 Irritable bowel syndrome 1374
Elizabeth J. Videlock and Lin Chang
68 Anorectal diseases 1408
Adil E. Bharucha and Robert R. Cima
69 Diverticular disease of the colon 1433
Mona Rezapour and Neil Stollman
70 Polyps of the colon and rectum 1447
John J. Garber and Daniel C. Chung
71 Polyposis syndromes 1464
Marcia Cruz‐Correa and Lizmar Cerezo
72 Malignant tumors of the colon 1490
Jay Luther and Andrew T. Chan
73 Colorectal cancer screening 1522
Uri Ladabaum
Part 4 Pancreatico-biliary disease
74 Acute pancreatitis 1549
Timothy B. Gardner
75 Autoimmune pancreatitis 1591
Sushil Kumar Garg, Phil A. Hart, and Suresh T. Chari
76 Chronic pancreatitis 1602
Mitchell L. Ramsey, Darwin L. Conwell, and Phil A. Hart
77 Pancreatitis of genetic and complex etiologies 1616
David C. Whitcomb
78 Cystic lesions of the pancreas 1643
James J. Farrell
79 Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas 1666
Kazuki N. Sugahara, Paul T. Fanta, and Andrew M. Lowy
80 Neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas 1689
Yasmin G. Hernandez‐Barco and Daniel C. Chung
81 Gallstones 1717
Piero Portincasa and David Q.-H. Wang
82 Primary sclerosing cholangitis 1745
Ahmad H. Ali and Konstantinos N. Lazaridis
Part 5 Liver diseases
83 Cystic diseases of the liver and biliary tract 1761
James Buxbaum and Shelly C. Lu
84 Tumors of the biliary tract 1773
Tushar Patel and Victoria Gómez
85 Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and postcholecystectomy syndrome 1792
John O. Clarke, Anthony N. Kalloo, and Simon K. Lo
86 Acute viral hepatitis 1804
Marc G. Ghany, and T. Jake Liang
87 Chronic hepatitis B and D 1841
Grace L.H. Wong and Anna S. Lok
88 Chronic hepatitis C 1861
Andrew W. Tai and Hugo E. Vargas
89 Drug‐induced liver injury 1878
Amoah Yeboah‐Korang and Robert J. Fontana
90 Acute liver failure 1889
William M. Lee
91 Autoimmune hepatitis 1906
Richard Taubert and Michael P. Manns
92 Primary biliary cholangitis 1918
Marlyn J. Mayo
93 Hemochromatosis 1932
Paul C. Adams
94 Metabolic diseases of the liver 1942
Jacob Bilhartz and Fred Askari
95 Alcohol‐related liver disease 1966
Juan Pablo Arab, Stephen R. Atkinson, and Ramon Bataller
Contributors xi
Preface xxiii
Foreword by Tadataka Yamada xxv
About the companion website xxvii
Volume Three
96 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 1979
M. Shadab Siddiqui and Arun J. Sanyal
97 Hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis 2000
Don C. Rockey
98 Ascites and its complications 2024
Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao
99 Central nervous system and pulmonary complications of end‐stage liver disease 2044
Chathur Acharya and Jasmohan S. Bajaj
100 Liver transplantation 2063
Nicole T. Shen, Alyson J. Kaplan, Alyson N. Fox, and Robert S. Brown, Jr
101 Hepatocellular carcinoma 2082
Nicole E. Rich and Jorge A. Marrero
102 Acute cholangitis and liver abscess 2104
Roman Perri and David S. Raiford
103 Vascular diseases of the liver 2108
José Ferrusquía‐Acosta and Laurie D. DeLeve
104 Intraabdominal abscesses and fistulae 2122
Ravi Pokala Kiran
105 Diseases of the peritoneum, retroperitoneum, mesentery, and omentum 2135
Amanda K. Arrington
Part 6 Obesity
106 Gastrointestinal and liver complications of obesity 2153
Harmeet Malhi and Andres Acosta
107 The role of the gastroenterologist in the management of obesity 2161
George Cholankeril, Andrew A. Li, and Sarah Streett
108 Bariatric endoscopy 2168
Thomas R. McCarty and Christopher C. Thompson
109 Bariatric surgery 2187
Todd A. Kellogg and Omar M. Ghanem
Part 7 Gut and liver in systemic diseases
110 Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of specific genetic disorders 2207
Sonia S. Kupfer
111 Gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic diseases 2231
Seth Sweetser
112 Skin lesions associated with gastrointestinal and liver diseases 2274
Travis W. Vandergriff
113 Gastrointestinal vascular malformations and neoplasms: arterial, venous, arteriovenous, and capillary 2293
Badr Al‐Bawardy and Deborah D. Proctor
114 Intestinal ischemia and vasculitides 2315
Juan‐R. Malagelada and Carolina Malagelada
115 Radiation injury in the gastrointestinal tract 2334
Shilpa Kulkarni and Chandan Guha
116 Complementary and alternative medicine and CBT in gastroenterology 2347
Anthony Lembo, Jesse Katon, and Sarah Ballou
Part 8 Endoscopy
117 General approach to endoscopy: sedation, monitoring, and preparation 2363
Vaibhav Wadhwa and John J. Vargo
118 Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy 2375
Emmanuel Coronel and Irving Waxman
119 Capsule and small bowel endoscopy 2388
Jonathan A. Leighton and Shabana F. Pasha
120 Colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy 2400
Douglas K. Rex
121 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 2419
Todd H. Baron and Ryan J. Law
122 Gastrointestinal dilation and stenting 2439
Shayan Irani and Richard A. Kozarek
123 Endoscopic approaches to enteral nutrition 2458
Lucian Panait and Stephen A. McClave
124 Management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage related to portal hypertension 2475
Patrick S. Kamath and Louis M. Wong Kee Song
125 Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 2503
Andrew W. Yen and Joseph W. Leung
126 Endoscopic therapy for colorectal lesions 2519
Neal Shahidi and Michael J. Bourke
127 Minimally invasive surgery: laparotomy, laparoscopy, and robotic surgery 2532
Aashish Rajesh, Rafael U. deAzevedo, Nizamuddin Shaikh, and David R. Farley
128 Endoscopic submucosal dissection 2547
Yuri Hanada, Luo Xiao Bei, and Kenneth K. Wang
129 POEM and G‐POEM 2554
Mary Raina Angeli Abad, Haruhiro Inoue, Yuto Shimamura, Haruo Ikeda, and Manabu Onimaru
Part 9 Imaging
130 Plain and contrast radiology 2563
Marc S. Levine and Stephen E. Rubesin
131 Abdominal sonography 2583
Stuart Bentley‐Hibbert and Dwight Aberle
132 Endoscopic ultrasonography 2606
Margaret G. Keane, Anne Marie Lennon, and Mouen A. Khashab
133 Endoscope reprocessing 2635
Kavel H. Visrodia and Bret T. Petersen
134 Computed tomography of the gastrointestinal tract 2642
Eric C. Ehman and Elliot K. Fishman
135 Magnetic resonance imaging 2672
Haresh Naringrekar, Diane Bergin, and Donald G. Mitchell
136 Positron emission tomography 2719
Ishan Garg and Val J. Lowe
137 Radionuclide imaging in the gastrointestinal tract 2732
Harvey A. Ziessman
138 Abdominal angiography 2751
Kyung Jae Cho
139 Interventional radiology 2774
Sidney Z. Brejt, Sergei A. Sobolevsky, Todd R. Schlachter, Julius Chapiro, Rafael Duran, Vania Tacher, Camila Zamboni, Luke Higgins, and Jean‐Francois Henri Geschwind
140 Confocal laser endomicroscopy 2804
Kazuki Sumiyama
141 Liver biopsy and histopathological diagnosis 2814
Sugantha Govindarajan, Yuna Gong, and Maurizio Bonacini
142 Endoscopic mucosal biopsy - pathology and biomarker testing 2846
Antonia R. Sepulveda and Sun A. Kim
Part 10 Infection, immunology, and microbiome
143 Structure and function of the human microbiome: implications for health and disease 2931
Allen A. Lee, John Y. Kao, and Vincent B. Young
144 Bacterial, viral, and toxic causes of diarrhea, gastroenteritis, and anorectal infections 2947
Mitchell B. Cohen
145 Chronic infections of the small intestine 3006
Mary Flanagan and Séamus Hussey
146 Parasitic diseases: protozoa 3022
Daniel P. Beiting and Audrey R. Odom John
147 Parasitic diseases: helminths 3039
Joel Weinstock and John Leung
148 Immunological disorders: (a) food allergy and hypersensitivity 3079
Peter Capucilli, Jonathan O’B. Hourihane, and Jonathan M. Spergel
149 Immunological disorders: (b) immunodeficiencies and gastrointestinal complications of organ transplantation 3086
Paula O’Leary
150 Complications of HIV/AIDS and other secondary immunodeficiencies 3105
Edward N. Janoff and Phillip D. Smith
Index 3125
