Integrates the various disciplines of the science of health disparities in one comprehensive volume
The Science of Health Disparities Research is an indispensable source of up-to-date information on clinical and translational health disparities science. Building upon the advances in health disparities research over the past decade, this authoritative volume informs policies and practices addressing the diseases, disorders, and gaps in health outcomes that are more prevalent in minority populations and socially disadvantaged communities. Contributions by recognized scholars and leaders in the field - featuring contemporary research, conceptual models, and a broad range of scientific perspectives - provide an interdisciplinary approach to reducing inequalities in population health, encouraging community engagement in the research process, and promoting social justice.
In-depth chapters help readers better understand the specifics of minority health and health disparities while demonstrating the importance of advancing theory, refining measurement, improving investigative methods, and diversifying scientific research. In 26 chapters, the book examines topics including the etiology of health disparities research, the determinants of population health, research ethics, and research in African American, Asians, Latino, American Indian, and other vulnerable populations. Providing a unified framework on the principles and applications of the science of health disparities research, this important volume:
- Defines the field of health disparities science and suggests new directions in scholarship and research
- Explains basic definitions, principles, and concepts for identifying, understanding and addressing health disparities
- Provides guidance on both conducting health disparities research and translating the results
- Examines how social, historical and contemporary injustices may influence the health of racial and ethnic minorities
- Illustrates the increasing national and global importance of addressing health disparities
- Discusses population health training, capacity-building, and the transdisciplinary tools needed to advance health equity
A significant contribution to the field, The Science of Health Disparities Research is an essential resource for students and basic and clinical researchers in genetics, population genetics, and public health, health care policymakers, and epidemiologists, medical students, and clinicians, particularly those working with minority, vulnerable, or underserved populations.
Table of Contents
List of Contributors ix
Foreword xxi
Acknowledgements xxiii
1 Definitions, Principles, and Concepts for Minority Health and Health Disparities Research 1
Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable, Jennifer Alvidrez, and Carl V. Hill
2 Getting Under the Skin: Pathways and Processes that Link Social and Biological Determinants of Disease 13
Chandra L. Jackson, Rada K. Dagher, Jung S. Byun, Tilda Farhat, and Kevin L. Gardner
3 Racial/Ethnic, Socioeconomic, and Other Social Determinants 39
Tiffany L. Gary-Webb, Sara E. Baumann, Erik J. Rodriquez, Lydia A. Isaac, and Thomas A. LaVeist
4 Behavioral Determinants in Population Health and Health Disparities Research 59
Amelie G. Ramirez, Patricia Chalela, Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag, and Kelvin Choi
5 Sociocultural Environments and Health Disparities Research: Frameworks, Methods, and Promising Directions 77
Hortensia Amaro, Samantha Garcia, Inna Arnaudova, and Monica P. Jolles
6 Physical Environment, and Minority Health and Health Disparities Research 95
Tracy Bastain, Carrie Breton, Shohreh Farzan, Rima Habre, Jill Johnston, Derrick C. Tabor, Claudia Toledo-Corral, and Elizabeth Vang
7 Genome-wide Genetic Approaches to Metabolic and Inflammatory Health Disparities 109
Cheryl A. Winkler
8 Biologic Factors and Molecular Determinants in Inflammatory and Metabolic Diseases 125
Marquitta White, Esteban Burchard, Page Goddard, Anup K. Nair, Leslie J. Baier, Federico Fuentes, and Jeffrey B. Kopp
9 Insights into the Genomic Landscape of African Ancestry Populations: Implications for Health and Disease Disparities 139
Charles N. Rotimi, Amy R. Bentley, Ayo P. Doumatey, Guanjie Chen, Daniel Shriner, and Adebowale Adeyemo
10 Applying Self‐report Measures in Minority Health and Health Disparities Research 153
Mariana Sanchez, Bertha Hidalgo, Adelaida Rosario, Ligia Artiles, Anita L. Stewart, and Anna M. Nápoles
11 Conducting Community-based Participatory Research with Minority Communities to Reduce Health Disparities 171
Tung T. Nguyen, Nina Wallerstein, Rina Das, Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag, Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan, Tvli Jacob, Tamela Cannady, Linda Sprague Martinez, Uchenna J. Ndulue, Abigail Ortiz, Andrea Williams Stubbs, Latrice C. Pichon, Sora Park Tanjasiri, Jane Pang, and Kent Woo
12 Racial/Ethnic Health and Healthcare Disparities Measurement: The Application of the Principles and Methods of Causal Inference 187
Benjamin Cook, Sarah Forrester, Timothy Creedon, Joan Wasserman, Meryl Sufian, and Jeroan Allison
13 Small Area Estimation and Bayesian Disease Mapping for Minority Health and Health Disparities 203
Xingyou Zhang, Benmei Liu, Shumei Yun, and Robert L. Phillips
14 Applications of Big Data Science and Analytic Techniques for Health Disparities Research 221
Irene Dankwa-Mullan, Xinzhi Zhang, Phuong-Tu Le, and William T. Riley
15 Complex Systems Science 243
Matt Kasman, Nancy Breen, and Ross A. Hammond
16 Improving Equity in Healthcare through Multilevel Interventions 257
Margarita Alegria, Jacqueline J. Lloyd, Naomi Ali, and Karissa DiMarzio
17 Using Implementation Science to Move from Knowledge of Disparities to Achievement of Equity 289
Lisa A. Cooper, Tanjala S. Purnell, Michael Engelgau, Kristina Weeks, and Jill A. Marsteller
18 Healthcare and Public Policy: Challenges and Opportunities for Research 309
Olveen Carrasquillo, Sonjia Kenya, Stuti Dang, Cynthia Lebron, and Tilda Farhat
19 Addressing Disparities in Access to High-quality Care 321
Milda Saunders, Regina James, Kesi Williams, and Marshall Chin
20 Health Communication as a Mediator of Health and Healthcare Disparities 339
Neda Ratanawongsa, Benyam Hailu, and Dean Schillinger
21 Comparative Effectiveness Research in Health Disparity Populations 359
William V. Padula, Rick A. Berzon, Priscah Mujuru, and David O. Meltzer
22 The Role of Electronic Health Records and Health Information Technology in Addressing Health Disparities 375
Irene Dankwa-Mullan, Sherine El-Toukhy, Jessamine Winer-Jones, Nora Haney, Morgan Foreman, Kesi Williams, and Anil Jain
23 Precision Medicine and Health Disparities 391
Consuelo H. Wilkins, Nancy J. Cox, Sarah C. Stallings, Maria F. Lima, Roy E. Weiss, and Nishadi Rajapakse
24 Recruitment, Inclusion, and Diversity in Clinical Trials 413
Bernadette Boden-Albala, Salina P. Waddy, Noa Appleton, Heather Kuczynski, Emily Nangle, and Nina S. Parikh
25 Sexual and Gender Minority Health Disparities: Concepts, Methods, and Future Directions 429
Mark L. Hatzenbuehler and John E. Pachankis
26 Workforce Diversity and Capacity Building to Address Health Disparities 445
Hannah A. Valantine and Alison F. Davis
Index 455
