Detailed, standardized, step-by-step protocols for easy access to essential information in small animal emergency rooms and intensive care units
Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, Second Edition offers a complete and clinically oriented reference for step-by-step detail on a wide range of procedures in the small animal emergency room and intensive care unit. Each protocol provides detailed instructions grounded in the evidence. The book is carefully designed for ease of use, with concise but comprehensive explanations, useful equipment lists, protocols called out in boxes, and extensive reference lists.
In the revised and expanded Second Edition, information has been updated and expanded throughout, and information and chapters have been added in many important areas, including veterinary point-of-care ultrasound (VPOCUS), veterinary CPR, blood banking and transfusion medicine, advanced techniques for mechanical ventilation, and veterinary health care team wellbeing. A companion website offers the protocols in Word for editing and use in practice and the figures from the book in PowerPoint.
Specific topics covered in Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care include: - The cardiovascular system, covering catheterization of the venous compartment, arterial puncture and catheterization, cardiac VPOCUS, principles of electrocardiography, and electrocardiogram interpretation - The respiratory system, covering oxygen therapy, pulse oximetry and CO-oximetry, blood gas analysis, pleural space and lung VPOCUS, tracheal intubation, and temporary tracheostomy - The urinary and abdominal systems, covering urethral catheterization, abdominal VPOCUS, peritoneal dialysis, technical management of hemodialysis patients, and peritoneal evaluation - Transfusion medicine, covering blood banking, blood typing, cross-matching, and administration of blood and other biological products
Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care presents invaluable and accessible information for emergency situations, making it a highly useful reference for veterinary practitioners, veterinary technicians and nurses, veterinary students, small animal emergency and critical care residents, small animal emergency and critical care specialists, and emergency and critical care veterinary technicians and nurse specialists.
Table of Contents
List of Contributors xi
Preface to the Second Edition xvii
Acknowledgments xix
About the Companion Website xxi
Section One Fundamental Elements of Emergency and Critical Care Practice 1
1 Triage 3
Harold Davis
2 The Small Animal Emergency Room 13
Martin D. Miller and Sean D. Smarick
3 Intensive Care Unit Design 23
Joris H. Robben and Lindsey Dodd
4 Developing and Using Checklists in Practice 47
Elizabeth B. Davidow and Carmen King
5 Medical Charting 53
Karl E. Jandrey and Sharon Fornes
6 Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Emergency and Critical Care 75
Søren Boysen and Valerie Madden
Section Two Cardiovascular Procedures and Monitoring 81
7 Catheterization of the Venous Compartment 83
Andrea M. Steele and Jessica L. Oram
8 Arterial Puncture and Catheterization 103
Elisa M. Mazzaferro and Nicole van Sant
9 Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access 117
Søren Boysen and Valerie Madden
10 Principles of Electrocardiography 127
Jamie M. Burkitt Creedon
11 Electrocardiogram Interpretation 135
Casey J. Kohen
12 Fluid-Filled Hemodynamic Monitoring Systems 153
Jamie M. Burkitt Creedon
13 Direct Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring 169
Edward Cooper and Stacey Cooper
14 Noninvasive Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring 181
Christopher L. Norkus and Nicholas L. Rivituso
15 Central Venous Pressure Monitoring 191
Rosalind S. Chow
16 Cardiac Output Monitoring 207
Mack Fudge
17 Point-of-Care Cardiac Ultrasound 225
Valerie Madden and Søren Boysen
18 Pericardiocentesis 241
Simon P. Hagley
19 Monitoring Tissue Perfusion: Clinicopathologic Aids and Advanced Techniques 251
Alexandra Nectoux and Guillaume L. Hoareau
20 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 261
Sean D. Smarick
21 Open-Chest Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 271
Janelle R. Wierenga and Katherine R. Crosse
22 Defibrillation 281
Casey J. Kohen
23 Temporary Cardiac Pacing 291
Anna Grimes and H. Edward Durham, Jr
Section Three Respiratory Procedures and Monitoring 309
24 Oxygen Therapy 311
Kate Farrell
25 Pulse Oximetry and Co-Oximetry 327
Kate Farrell
26 Blood Gas Analysis 339
Sarah Gray
27 Point-of-Care Lung and Pleural Space Ultrasound 347
Søren Boysen and Valerie Madden
28 Tracheal Intubation 365
Marc Raffe and Rachel Bassett
29 Temporary Tracheostomy 377
F. A. (Tony) Mann
30 Capnography 389
Linda S. Barter and Alessia Cenani
31 Mechanical Ventilation 399
Kate Hopper and Julie Eveland-Baker
32 Ventilator Waveform Analysis 409
Deborah Silverstein and Justina Gerard
33 Alternative Methods of Augmented Ventilation 427
Jessica Schavone and Elizabeth Rozanski
34 Pleural Space Drainage 431
Amanda Arrowood and Lori S. Waddell
Section Four Urinary and Gastrointestinal Procedures 449
35 Urethral Catheterization 451
Jamie M. Burkitt Creedon
36 Peritoneal Dialysis 467
Michael D. Santasieri, Carolyn Tai, and Mary Anna Labato
37 Technical Management of Hemodialysis 481
Karen Poeppel and Cathy Langston
38 Peritoneal Evaluation 499
Laura Osborne and Lindsey Strang
39 Point-of-Care Abdominal Ultrasound 513
Søren Boysen and Valerie Madden
40 Specialized Gastrointestinal Techniques 523
Lisa Smart and Joyce Lau
41 Postoperative Peritoneal Drainage Techniques 539
Margo Mehl
Section Five Nutrition 545
42 Nutritional Requirements in Critical Illness 547
Daniel L. Chan
43 Enteral Diets for Critically Ill Patients 555
Sally C. Perea
44 Assisted Enteral Feeding 567
Wan K. A. Tan
45 Parenteral Nutrition 585
Jennifer Larsen
Section Six Analgesia and Anesthesia 599
46 Drug Administration 601
Damion Asselin and Jane Quandt
47 Pain Recognition and Management 617
Chiara Valtolina and Liza Lindeman
48 Systemic Analgesia 631
Sarah Haldane and Angela Chapman
49 Local Anesthesia 651
Christopher L. Norkus
50 Monitoring the Anesthetized Patient 665
Benjamin M. Brainard and Jessica Perlini
51 Nursing Care of the Long-Term Anesthetized Patient 681
Yekaterina Buriko and Bridget M. Lyons
52 Neuromuscular Blockade 691
Manuel Martin-Flores and Karen L. Basher
Section Seven Clinicopathologic Techniques 699
53 Blood Sample Collection and Handling 701
Courtney Waxman and Tami Lind
54 In-House Hematologic Evaluation 717
Karl Jandrey and Andrew Burton
55 In-House Evaluation of Hemostasis 739
April Summers, Jocey Pronko, and Julien Guillaumin
56 Electrolyte Evaluation 747
Louisa J. Rahilly and Katherine Vachon
57 Acid-Base Evaluation 763
Kate Hopper
58 Osmolality and Colloid Osmotic Pressure 771
Elke Rudloff and Angel Rivera
59 Body Fluid Collection and Handling 779
Adesola Odunayo and Eric Hilton
60 Urinalysis in Acutely and Critically Ill Dogs and Cats 787
Lucy Kopecny and Sean Naylor
61 Cytology 797
Rebecca J. Greer
Section Eight Infection Control 807
62 Minimizing Healthcare-Associated Infections 809
Jane E. Sykes
63 Care of Indwelling Device Insertion Sites 819
Helen Philp
64 Antiseptics, Disinfectants, and Sterilization 837
Samantha Jones, Krystle Reagan, and Nicole Saunders
65 Personnel Precautions for Patients with Zoonotic Disease 845
Sarah Fritz and Christopher G. Byers
Section Nine Transfusion Medicine 859
66 Blood Typing and Crossmatching 861
Sarah Musulin and Kenichiro Yagi
67 Blood Transfusion 879
Julien Guillaumin and Kristin Kofron
68 Administration of Other Biological Products 891
Jennifer E. Prittie and Jasmine De Stefano
69 Blood Banking 905
Marie K. Holowaychuk and Kenichiro Yagi
Section Ten Nursing Care of Specific Populations 921
70 Care of the Patient with Intracranial Disease 923
Marie K. Holowaychuk and Charlotte E. Donohoe
71 Care of the Burned Animal 935
Steven Epstein
72 Care of the Environmentally Injured Animal 941
Michael S. Lagutchik, Rufus W. Frederick, and James O. Barclay
73 Blood Glucose Monitoring and Glycemic Control 951
Erica L. Reineke
74 Critical Nursing Care of the Neonate 965
Autumn Davidson and Janice Cain
75 Safe Handling and Care of Patients Exposed to Radioactive and Anti-Neoplastic Agents 997
Michael S. Kent and Kristen Sears
76 Handling the Suspected Cruelty Case 1005
Alison Liu
Section Eleven Wellness for the Veterinary Health Care Team 1017
77 Self-Compassion: The Cornerstone of Wellbeing 1019
Deborah A. Stone
Index 1027
