Na-ion battery technologies have emerged as cost-effective, environmentally friendly alternatives to Li-ion batteries, particularly for large-scale storage applications where battery size is less of a concern than in portable electronics or electric vehicles. Scientists and engineers involved in developing commercially viable Na-ion batteries need to understand the state-of-the-art in constituent materials, electrodes, and electrolytes to meet both performance metrics and economic requirements.
Sodium-Ion Batteries: Materials, Characterization, and Technology provides in-depth coverage of the material constituents, characterization, applications, upscaling, and commercialization of Na-ion batteries. Contributions by international experts discuss the development and performance of cathode and anode materials and their characterization - using methods such as NMR spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computational studies - as well as ceramics, ionic liquids, and other solid and liquid electrolytes. - Discusses the development of battery technology based on the abundant alkali ion sodium - Features a thorough introduction to Na-ion batteries and their comparison with Li-ion batteries - Reviews recent research on the structure-electrochemical performance relationship and the development of new solid electrolytes - Includes a timely overview of commercial perspectives, cost analysis, and safety issues of Na-ion batteries - Covers emerging technologies including Na-ion capacitors, aqueous sodium batteries, and Na-S batteries
The handbook Sodium-Ion Batteries: Materials, Characterization, and Technology is an indispensable reference for researchers and development engineers, materials scientists, electrochemists, and engineering scientists in both academia and industry.
Table of Contents
Volume 1
Preface xiii
Part I Anodes 1
1 Graphite as an Anode Material in Sodium-Ion Batteries 3
Gustav Avall, Mustafa Goktas, and Philipp Adelhelm
2 Hard Carbon Anodes for Na-Ion Batteries 27
Fei Xie, Zhen Xu, Zhenyu Guo, Yuqi Li, Yaxiang Lu, Maria-Magdalena Titirici, and Yong-Sheng Hu
3 Alloy Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries 61
Yan Yu, Xianhong Rui, and Xianghua Zhang
Part II Cathodes 93
4 Sodium Layered Oxide Cathode Materials 95
A. Robert Armstrong, Stephanie F. Linnell, Philip A. Maughan, Begoña Silván, and Nuria Tapia-Ruiz
5 Phosphate-Based Polyanionic Sodium-Ion Electrode Materials 129
G. M. Nolis, M. Casas-Cabanas, and M. Galceran
6 Prussian Blue Electrodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries 167
Sai Gourang Patnaik and Philipp Adelhelm
Part III Advanced Characterization of Na-Ion Battery Electrodes 189
7 Understanding Na-Ion Batteries on the Atomic Scale Through Operando X-ray and Neutron Scattering 191
Christian Kolle Christensen and Dorthe Bomholdt Ravnsbæk
8 NMR Investigations of Sodium-Ion Batteries 215
Christopher A. O’Keefe and Clare P. Grey
9 Computational Studies on Na-Ion Electrode Materials 259
Emilia Olsson and Qiong Cai
10 Pair Distribution Function Analysis of Sodium-Ion Batteries 301
Phoebe K. Allan and Joshua M. Stratford
Volume 2
Preface xiii
Part IV Electrolytes 333
11 Ester- and Ether-Based Electrolytes for Na-Ion Batteries 335
Yuqi Li, Lin Zhou, Fei Xie, Yu Li, Zhao Chen, Yaxiang Lu, and Yong-Sheng Hu
12 Ionic Liquid and Polymer-Based Electrolytes for Sodium Battery Applications 357
Maria Forsyth, Faezeh Makhlooghiazad, Fangfang Chen, Ju Sun, and Patrick C. Howlett
13 Sodium-ion-conducting Oxides Used as Solid Electrolytes in Sodium Batteries -- Learning from the Past 391
F. Tietz
14 Polymers in Sodium-Ion Batteries 429
Heather Au and Maria Crespo-Ribadeneyra
Part V Safety and Other Practical Aspects 501
15 Sodium-Ion Batteries: Aging, Degradation, Failure Mechanisms and Safety 503
Julia Weaving, James Robinson, Daniela Ledwoch, Guanjie He, Emma Kendrick, Paul Shearing, and Daniel Brett
16 Practical Application of Room Temperature Na-Ion Batteries 531
Kun Tang and Yu Ren
17 On the Environmental Competitiveness of Sodium-Ion Batteries -- Current State of the Art in Life Cycle Assessment 551
Jens Peters, Manuel Baumann, Marcel Weil, and Stefano Passerini
Part VI Other Na Based Technologies 573
18 High-Power Sodium-Ion Batteries and Sodium-Ion Capacitors 575
Binson Babu and Andrea Balducci
19 Rechargeable Seawater Batteries 603
Wang-geun Lee and Youngsik Kim
20 Sodium Solid-state Batteries 641
Edouard Quérel and Ainara Aguadero
Index 705
