Brains and Machines: Towards a unified Ethics of AI and Neuroscience provides a comprehensive overview of concepts and ethical issues at the intersection of two emerging technological trends in the 21st century: AI and neurotechnology. In line with recent advances across both fields, debates about philosophical, ethical, regulatory and social issues raised by neuroscience and AI have considerably expanded in the past decade. Yet, despite many intersections and fruitful interactions between the two scientific domains, ethical debates about neuroscience and AI have mostly moved in parallel. This volume assembles voices from various disciplines to provide a more unified view and offer novel perspectives on two complementary lines of discourse. The volume provides scientific background by outlining the state of the art of applying AI in the field of neuroscience and discussing instances where findings and debates from neuroscience provide cues and inspiration to the study of AI. Based on this background, the book then addresses conceptual frameworks, identifies ethical challenges at the intersection of neuroscience and AI, and highlights challenges and opportunities of finding common ground in interdisciplinary settings.
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Table of Contents
Introductory noteSection I: AI for Neuroscience
1. AI for Brain-Computer Interfaces
2. Computational Psychiatry: Heralded Heights or Hollow Hype
3. Computational Psychiatry and Digital Phenotyping: Ethical and Neurorights Implications
Section II: Neuroscience for AI
4. Neuroscience for AI: The importance of Theory of Mind.
5. Sense of agency in human-human and human-computer interactions
6. Anthropomorphism in social AIs: some challenges
7. (Mis)decoding affect in the face and in the brain
Section III: Finding common ground
8. Algorithmic Regulation: A Compatible Framework for AI and DTC Neurotechnologies
9. The Extended Mind Thesis and the Cognitive Artifact Approach: a Comparison
10. The ethical implications of indicators of consciousness in artificial systems
11. Moral Dimensions of Synthetic Biological Intelligence: Unraveling the Ethics of Neural Integration
12. What the Embedded Ethics approach brings to AI-enhanced neuroscience
13. From Being Embedded in Practice: Working Situated and Interdisciplinary in the Neurosciences and Neurocomputation as Ethicists and Social Scientists
14. Beyond participation: Towards a community-led approach to value alignment of AI in medicine
Epilogue
