Introduce yourself to the cutting-edge processes of water photo- and electro-catalysis with this important guide
Photocatalysis and electrocatalysis reactions involving water are becoming an increasingly important component of energy and sustainability research. Water electrocatalysis and photo-electrocatalysis promise to have a significant impact on human energy production and its by-products, and to play a substantial role in solutions to global energy and environmental crises. Familiarity with these processes will be critical for sustainable energy production in the coming years.
Water Photo- and Electro-Catalysis provides a detailed and readable introduction to these processes and their attendant technologies. It covers mechanisms, materials, and devices that catalyze water-based energy conversion, as well as introducing the theoretical principles that are driving the development of new technologies in this area. The result is an essential book for researchers and materials scientists in a range of fields.
Water Photo- and Electro-Catalysis readers will also find: - An editorial team with decades of combined experience in energy and materials science research- Detailed treatment of electrocatalysis processes for hydrogen evolution (HER), oxygen/hydrogen peroxide evolution (OER/HPER), and more- Analysis of mechanisms including heterogenous vs. homogenous photocatalysis, electrodes-based photo-electrocatalysis, and photovoltaic-electrocatalysis
Water Photo- and Electro-Catalysis is a valuable reference for catalytic chemists, materials scientists, energy chemists, and all research and industry professionals in photo(electro)catalysis and sustainable energy fields.
Table of Contents
Preface xiii
1 Solar Energy Conversion by Dye-sensitized Photocatalysis 1
Shunta Nishioka and Kazuhiko Maeda
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Light Absorbers 1
1.3 Semiconductor Materials 15
1.4 Dye-sensitized Photocatalysts in Electrochemical Systems 23
1.5 Conclusion 25
2 Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Over CdS-based Photocatalysts 35
Maochang Liu, Feng Liu, Fei Xue, Jinwen Shi, Hongwen Huang, and Naixu Li
2.1 Introduction 35
2.2 Basic Principles for Semiconductor-based Photocatalytic H2 Production fromWater 36
2.3 Chemical Additives for H2 Production Enhancement 38
2.4 Construction of CdS-based Heterojunction Photocatalyst to Enhance H2 Production 40
2.5 Conclusions and Perspectives 86
3 Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production System 107
Yan Yang, Dengwei Jing, Liang Zhao, and Shaohua Shen
3.1 Introduction 107
3.2 Fundamentals of Hydrogen Production by PhotocatalyticWater Splitting 108
3.3 Classifications of the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production System 109
3.4 Example of Hydrogen Production System by PhotocatalyticWater Splitting 111
3.5 FutureWork in Terms of Challenges and Chances 135
4 Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting 143
Jinzhan Su and Zhiqiang Wang
4.1 Introduction 143
4.2 Oxide Semiconductor 144
4.3 Sulfide Semiconductor 150
4.4 Silicon and III-V Group GaAs, GaN, GaInAs/GaInP/AlInP 159
4.5 Nitride and Oxynitride Semiconductor 165
4.6 Dye-sensitized Photocatalysts 172
4.7 Strategies for Improving PEC Performance 174
4.8 Summary 186
5 Photoelectrochemical and Photovoltaic-Electrochemical Water Splitting 207
Qingjie Wang, Jia Zhao, and Jingshan Luo
5.1 Introduction 207
5.2 PECWater Splitting: Theory andWorking Principles 209
5.3 Photoanodes 210
5.4 Photocathodes 218
5.5 Tandem Devices 222
5.6 PV-EC Water Splitting 224
5.7 Conclusion 233
6 Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide 241
Kejun Chen, Hongmei Li, Junwei Fu, Xiqing Wang, and Min Liu
6.1 Introduction 241
6.2 Fundamentals of Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 242
6.3 Electrolytes 246
6.4 Catalysts for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction 250
6.5 Gas Diffusion Electrode for E-CO2RR 259
6.6 Summary and Outlook 265
7 Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction with Water 273
Chen Chen and Shuangyin Wang
7.1 The Design and Regulation Strategy of Nitrogen Reduction Reaction (NRR) Catalysts 273
7.2 The Influence of Reaction Microenvironment 281
7.3 In Situ Characterization Method and Mechanism of Nitrogen Reduction 286
8 Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Organic Transformations Coupled with H2 Evolution 303
Xiao Shang, Jian-Hong Tang, and Yujie Sun
8.1 Introduction 303
8.2 Representative Organic Compounds for Anodic Oxidation 305
8.3 Representative Anodic Addition Reactions with Nucleophiles and Radicals 310
8.4 Oxidative Coupling Reactions Coupled with H2 Production 312
8.5 Conclusions 317
9 The Advancement of Catalysts for Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 321
Yi Cheng and Shuangyin Wang
9.1 The Introduction of Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 321
9.2 Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 323
9.3 The Anode Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction 324
9.4 The Cathode Oxygen Reduction Reaction 326
9.5 Conclusions and Remarks 347
10 Advanced X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy on Electrocatalysts and Photocatalysts 363
Kumaravelu Thanigai Arul, Ta Thi Thuy Nga, Chung-Li Dong, and Wu-Ching Chou
10.1 Introduction 363
10.2 Synchrotron-based X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy 364
10.3 Energy Generation Systems 368
10.4 Summary and Future Outlook 386
11 Advanced Operando/In Situ Spectroscopy Studies on Photocatalysis for Solar Water Splitting 397
Dongfeng Li, Fengtao Fan, Can Li, and Xiuli Wang
11.1 Introduction 397
11.2 Basic Principles of Electromagnetic Spectrum 398
11.3 Pump-Probe Principle for Spectroscopy Techniques 399
11.4 Basic Photophysical Processes in Photocatalysts 400
11.5 Photochemical and Photocatalytic Processes 406
11.6 Summary and Future Prospects 439
References 440
Index 449
