Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor - Pipeline Insight, 2024

This “Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor - Pipeline Insight, 2024” report provides comprehensive insights about 8+ companies and 10 pipeline drugs in Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor pipeline landscape. It covers the pipeline drug profiles, including clinical and nonclinical stage products. It also covers the therapeutics assessment by product type, stage, route of administration, and molecule type. It further highlights the inactive pipeline products in this space.

Geography Covered

• Global coverage

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor: Understanding

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor: Overview

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a type of cytokine signaling molecule in the immune system. It is a 15.5-16 kDa protein that regulates the activities of white blood cells (leukocytes, often lymphocytes) that are responsible for immunity. IL-2 is part of the body's natural response to microbial infection, and in discriminating between foreign (non-self) and self. IL-2 mediates its effects by binding to IL-2 receptors, which are expressed by lymphocytes. The major sources of IL-2 are activated CD4+ T cells and activated CD8+ T cells Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an interleukin, a type of cytokine signaling molecule in the immune system. It is a 15.5-16 kDa protein that regulates the activities of white blood cells (leukocytes, often lymphocytes) that are responsible for immunity. IL-2 is part of the body's natural response to microbial infection, and in discriminating between foreign (non-self) and self. IL-2 mediates its effects by binding to IL-2 receptors, which are expressed by lymphocytes. The major sources of IL-2 are activated CD4+ T cells and activated CD8+ T cells. The discovery of IL-2 as “T-cell growth factor” (TCGF) in 1976 quickly revolutionized the fields of basic immunology research and immunotherapy for human cancers.1 IL-2 was an early candidate for cancer immunotherapy and was approved for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (1992) and later for metastatic melanoma (1998) by FDA. Much progress has been made recently in our understanding of IL-2 in regulating lymphocytes that has led to exciting new directions in cancer immunotherapy. There are several excellent reviews on IL-2, which examine the molecular biology of its expression, its role in immune cell signaling and immune development, as well as the structural biology of cytokines and their receptors.2-5 In the present review, we will focus on the key biological features of IL-2, current applications, limitations, and future directions of IL-2 in cancer immunotherapy. T-lymphocytes orchestrate both the initiation and propagation of immune responses largely through the secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2). IL-2 is primarily involved in the regulation of T-lymphocytes proliferation but also activates natural killer (NK), B- and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. Inappropriate responses of T-lymphocytes are associated with a range of immune diseases, including allergies and autoimmune diseases. Because of the key role of IL-2 in promoting the growth of T-cells involved in autoimmune disease, there is significant interest in inhibition of IL-2 as a therapeutic modality. The discovery of IL-2 as “T-cell growth factor” (TCGF) in 1976 quickly revolutionized the fields of basic immunology research and immunotherapy for human cancers.1 IL-2 was an early candidate for cancer immunotherapy and was approved for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (1992) and later for metastatic melanoma (1998) by FDA. Much progress has been made recently in our understanding of IL-2 in regulating lymphocytes that has led to exciting new directions in cancer immunotherapy. T-lymphocytes orchestrate both the initiation and propagation of immune responses largely through the secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2). IL-2 is primarily involved in the regulation of T-lymphocytes proliferation but also activates natural killer (NK), B- and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. Inappropriate responses of T-lymphocytes are associated with a range of immune diseases, including allergies and autoimmune diseases. Because of the key role of IL-2 in promoting the growth of T-cells involved in autoimmune disease, there is significant interest in inhibition of IL-2 as a wide range of therapeutic modality.

“Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor - Pipeline Insight, 2024 report outlays comprehensive insights of present scenario and growth prospects across the mechanism of action. A detailed picture of the Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor pipeline landscape is provided which includes the disease overview and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor treatment guidelines. The assessment part of the report embraces, in depth Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor commercial assessment and clinical assessment of the pipeline products under development. In the report, detailed description of the drug is given which includes mechanism of action of the drug, clinical studies, NDA approvals (if any), and product development activities comprising the technology, Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor collaborations, licensing, mergers and acquisition, funding, designations and other product related details.

Report Highlights

The companies and academics are working to assess challenges and seek opportunities that could influence Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor R&D. The therapies under development are focused on novel approaches to treat/improve Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor Emerging Drugs Chapters

This segment of the Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor report encloses its detailed analysis of various drugs in different stages of clinical development, including phase II, I, preclinical and Discovery. It also helps to understand clinical trial details, expressive pharmacological action, agreements and collaborations, and the latest news and press releases.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor Emerging Drugs

Aldesleukin: ILTOO Pharma Aldesleukin binds to the IL-2 receptor which leads to heterodimerization of the cytoplasmic domains of the IL-2R beta and gamma(c) chains, activation of the tyrosine kinase Jak3, and phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the IL-2R beta chain. These events led to the creation of an activated receptor complex, to which various cytoplasmic signaling molecules are recruited and become substrates for regulatory enzymes (especially tyrosine kinases) that are associated with the receptor. These events stimulate growth and differentiation of T cells. Used to treat renal cell carcinoma, Aldesleukin induces the enhancement of lymphocyte mitogenesis and stimulation of long-term growth of human interleukin-2 dependent cell lines, the enhancement of lymphocyte cytotoxicity, the induction of killer cell (lymphokine-activated (LAK) and natural (NK)) activity; and the induction of interferon-gamma production. The drug is in clinical trial Phase IIstage.

XmAb564: XencorXmAb564 is a wholly owned, monovalent IL-2-Fc fusion protein, engineered to selectively activate and expand Tregs for the potential treatment of patients with autoimmune diseases. XmAb564 is engineered with reduced binding affinity for IL-2’s beta receptor (IL-2Rß, CD122) and increased binding affinity for its alpha receptor (IL-2Ra, CD25). Xencor is conducting a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-ascending dose Phase 1b clinical study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of XmAb564, administered subcutaneously in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. The drug is in Phase I stage of its clinical trial.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor: Therapeutic Assessment

This segment of the report provides insights about the different Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor drugs segregated based on following parameters that define the scope of the report, such as:

Major Players in Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor

There are approx. 8+ key companies which are developing the therapies for Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor. The companies which have their Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor drug candidates in the most advanced stage, i.e. Phase II include ILTOO Pharma.

Phases

This report covers around 10+ products under different phases of clinical development like

• Late stage products (Phase III)
• Mid-stage products (Phase II)
• Early-stage product (Phase I) along with the details of
• Pre-clinical and Discovery stage candidates
• Discontinued & Inactive candidates

Route of Administration

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor pipeline report provides the therapeutic assessment of the pipeline drugs by the Route of Administration. Products have been categorized under various ROAs such as

• Intra-articular
• Intraocular
• Intrathecal
• Intravenous
• Oral
• Parenteral
• Subcutaneous
• Topical
• Transdermal

Molecule Type

Products have been categorized under various Molecule types such as

• Oligonucleotide
• Peptide
• Small molecule

Product Type

Drugs have been categorized under various product types like Mono, Combination and Mono/Combination.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor: Pipeline Development Activities

The report provides insights into different therapeutic candidates in phase II, I, preclinical and discovery stage. It also analyses Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor therapeutic drugs key players involved in developing key drugs.

Pipeline Development Activities

The report covers the detailed information of collaborations, acquisition and merger, licensing along with a thorough therapeutic assessment of emerging Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor drugs.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor Report Insights

• Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor Pipeline Analysis
• Therapeutic Assessment
• Unmet Needs
• Impact of Drugs

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor Report Assessment

• Pipeline Product Profiles
• Therapeutic Assessment
• Pipeline Assessment
• Inactive drugs assessment
• Unmet Needs

Key Questions

Current Treatment Scenario and Emerging Therapies:

• How many companies are developing Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor drugs?
• How many Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor drugs are developed by each company?
• How many emerging drugs are in mid-stage, and late-stage of development for the treatment of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor?
• What are the key collaborations (Industry-Industry, Industry-Academia), Mergers and acquisitions, licensing activities related to the Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor therapeutics?
• What are the recent trends, drug types and novel technologies developed to overcome the limitation of existing therapies?
• What are the clinical studies going on for Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Inhibitor and their status?
• What are the key designations that have been granted to the emerging drugs?

Key Players

• Sanofi
• Medicenna Therapeutics
• Bioniz Therapeutics|Celerion
• Asher Biotherapeutics
• Xilio Therapeutics
• Aulos Bioscience
• Krystal Biotech
• Werewolf Therapeutics
• Xencor
• Shanghai Junshi Biosciences
• Egle Therapeutics
• ILTOO Pharma

Key Products

• THOR-707
• MDNA11
• BNZ132-1-40
• AB248
• XTX 202
• AU 007
• KB707
• WTX-124
• XmAb564
• JS 206
• EGL-001
• EGL 002
• EGL 003
• Aldesleukin

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