In Media Compass: A Companion to International Media Landscapes, an international team of prominent scholars examines both long-term media systems and fluctuating trends in media usage around the world. Integrating country-specific summaries and cross-cutting studies of geopolitical regions, this interdisciplinary reference work describes key elements in the political, social, demographic, cultural, and economic conditions of media infrastructures and public communication.
Enabling the mapping of media landscapes internationally, Media Compass contains up-to-date empirical surveys of individual countries and regions, as well as cross-country comparisons of particular areas of public communication. 45 entries, each guiding readers from a general summary to a more in-depth discussion of a country’s specific media landscape, address formative conditions and circumstances, historical background and development, current issues and challenges, and more.
Designed to facilitate quick lookup of individual entries, as well as comparative readings of a country’s position in the wider media environment, Media Compass: A Companion to International Media Landscapes is an invaluable addition to libraries and institutions of higher education, and a must-read volume for students, educators, scholars, and practitioners working in communication and media studies, journalism, and media production.
Table of Contents
List of Figures ix
List of Tables x
Notes on Contributors xi
1 Media Compass: Introduction 1
Aljosha Karim Schapals and Christian Pentzold
2 Austria: Losing Long-Term Media Market Stability 8
Josef Seethaler
3 Belgium: Media Ownership and Journalism Cultures at the Crossroads of Three Language Communities in a Complex Political Landscape 18
Hanne Vandenberghe and Karin Raeymaeckers
4 Czech Republic: Still on a Path to Realizing the Importance of Media 28
Lenka Waschková Císarova
5 Denmark: Balancing National Culture and Global Competition 38
Henrik Bodker
6 France: Toward an Illiberal Media Landscape? 47
Pierre-Emmanuel Guigo
7 Germany: A Structurally Differentiated Media Market 58
Johanna Wolleschensky and Annika Sehl
8 Hungary: One Country, Two Media Systems 70
Gábor Polyák and Ágnes Urbán
9 Italy: The Persistence of Political Partisanship in an Evolving Media Landscape 84
Alessio Cornia
10 Netherlands: A Diverse Media Landscape with High Audience Trust 96
Susan Vermeer and Tim Groot Kormelink
11 Norway: Media Welfare in a Small Nation 106
Karoline Andrea Ihlebak, Tine Ustad Figenschou, and Ragnhild Kr. Olsen
12 Poland: A Media System under Pressure from Politicization and Polarization 116
Jacek Mikucki, Katarzyna Gajlewicz-Korab, Maria Loszewska-Olowska, and Lukasz Szurminski
13 Russia: A Dance with Authoritarianism 128
Sofya Glazunova
14 Spain: A Fast-Changing Media Landscape 138
Alfonso Vara-Miguel and Ángel Arrese
15 Switzerland: Mounting Pressure on Journalism in a Small Media System 150
Colin Porlezza
16 Turkey: Rethinking Ideology in Turkey's Media Environment 161
Taner Dogan
17 United Kingdom: Changing Markets, Changing Audiences, and a Changing Product 171
John Jewell
18 Ukraine: Maintaining a Resilient Media Ecosystem in Wartime 181
Olga Boichak and Vadym Miskyi
19 Argentina: Poor Income and Political Interests in the Media System 196
Guillermo Mastrini and Agustín Espada
20 Brazil: From Media Clientelism to Digital Platforms' Threats 207
Mathias-Felipe de-Lima-Santos
21 Canada: A Challenged Media Ecosystem 219
Beth Rochester, Alfred Hermida, and Mary-Lynn Young
22 Chile: Exploring the Media Landscape in the Digital Age 230
David Kimber and Ricardo Leiva
23 Colombia: Media Ownership Concentration and Violence against Journalists in the Landscape 240
Víctor García-Perdomo
24 Mexico: Diversity and Journalistic Resilience amid Propaganda and Violence 250
Julio Juárez-Gámiz
25 United States: Exploring the Implications of Polarization, Platforms, and Private Funding 262
Joy Jenkins
26 Venezuela: Total Collapse and Aftermath of the Media Landscape 276
Monica Marchesi and Jairo Lugo-Ocando
27 Azerbaijan: A Post-Soviet Media in Limbo 285
Ilgar Seyidov
28 China: A Diverse and Complex Media Landscape 292
Shixin Ivy Zhang, Jianan Zhu, and Yijiao Wang
29 Hong Kong: Media Transformations under Democratic Backsliding 302
Dennis Leung and Michael Chan
30 India: Print Media Thrives in the World's Largest Democracy 312
Deb Aikat
31 Indonesia: An Evolving Media Landscape 326
Vidi Sukmayadi
32 Israel: A Media System under Siege 336
Amit M. Schejter
33 Japan: Exploring Historical Legacies, Political Interdependencies, and Digital Transformation 348
Yosuke Buchmeier
34 Lebanon: Media Diversity and Polarization: A Model for Confrontation 360
Zahera Harb
35 Philippines: Media as a Contested Site for Liberation and Domination 370
Carljohnson Anacin and Earvin Charles Cabalquinto
36 United Arab Emirates: Media as Voices of National Consensus 380
Mohammad Ayish
37 Singapore: Navigating Media Regulation and Digitization 390
Zhang Hao Goh, Matthew Chee Han Chew, and Edson C. Tandoc, Jr.
38 Egypt: Paradoxical Media Dynamics of Containment and Instability 398
Hanan Badr
39 Ethiopia: Media Landscape, Emerging Trends, and Future Prospects 411
Téwodros W. Workneh
40 Kenya: From a Checkered Press History to an Ever-Expanding Digital Media Ecology 422
Joy Kibarabara and David Cheruiyot
41 Namibia: A Critical Reflection on the Postapartheid Mediascapes in Namibia 432
Admire Mare
42 Nigeria: A Dynamic Media Space in Africa 444
Adeyanju Apejoye and Bruce Mutsvairo
43 South Africa: Media Freedom, Responsibilities, and Challenges 453
Herman Wasserman
44 Tunisia: An Unfinished Media System Transition 463
Carola Richter
45 Australia: One of the World's Most Concentrated Media Markets 473
Aljosha Karim Schapals
46 New Zealand: An Unregulated, Concentrated, and Financially Fragile Media System 483
Merja Myllylahti
Index 494
