The OKB-586/Yuzhnoye design office, located in Dnipro, Ukraine, has developed a large number of military rockets, space launchers and satellites, including the Cosmos and Intercosmos series. Thousands of Yuzhnoye rockets and satellites have been mass-produced by Factory No. 586/YuzhMach. This company celebrated its 70th anniversary in 2021, and was run from 1954 to 1971 by Mikhail Yangel, one of the three great Soviet creators of cosmic rocket technology, alongside Sergei Korolev and Vladimir Chelomey.
Yuzhnoye Launchers and Satellites covers 40 years of programs carried out during the Soviet period, which was marked by the Nuclear Arms Race and the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union, and 30 years of the Ukrainian period, characterized by cooperation with the West and opening up commercialization. The book incorporates the latest information from declassified archives.
Table of Contents
Foreword ix
Alekseyev Yury SERGEYEVICH
Introduction xi
Chapter 1 Mikhail Yangel: The Father of Yuzhnoye 1
1.1 Mikhail Kuzmich Yangel 1
1.2 The Dnepropetrovsk Plant 8
1.3 The Dnepropetrovsk Design Bureau 19
1.4 Overview of 50 years of activity 33
1.5 Decorations awarded to OKB-586/Yuzhnoye 34
Chapter 2 Subcontractors 37
2.1 The Council of Designers 37
2.2 Serial production plants 38
2.3 Ukrainian companies 42
2.4 The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 64
Chapter 3 R-12: The First Missile with a Range of 2,000 km 71
3.1 Development 71
3.2 Production 75
3.3 Operation 77
3.4 The space launcher 86
Chapter 4 R-14: The First Missile with a Range of 4,000 km 115
4.1 Development 115
4.2 Deployment 120
4.3 The space launcher 123
4.4 Marketing 154
4.5 Summary 157
Chapter 5 R-15, R-16, R-22, R-24, R-26 and R-36: Missiles and Launchers 159
5.1 The R-15 naval rocket of the D-3 system 159
5.2 The 8K64/R-16 intercontinental missile 159
5.3 The R-22 project 169
5.4 The R-24 project, an improved R-11M 170
5.5 The 8K66/R-26 project 170
5.6 8K67/R-36: ICBM and launcher 172
5.7 The 11K69 Tsiklon-2 launcher 183
5.8 The 11K68 Tsiklon-3 launcher 191
5.9 Marketing 201
5.10 Yuzhnoye and Brazil: Tsiklon-4 from Alcantara 203
Chapter 6 R-37, R-38, R-46, R-56 and Block-E: Missiles and Lunar Module 215
6.1 The R-37 and R-38 projects 215
6.2 The R-46 project 216
6.3 The RK-100 and R-56/8K68 projects 217
6.4 Block-E of the LK lunar module 220
Chapter 7 R-36M, MR-UR-100, R-36M2 and Dnipro: Missiles and Kosmotras 223
7.1 R-36M/15A14/RS-20A and R-36UTTKh/15A18/RS-20B 223
7.2 MR-UR-100/15A15 and MR-UR-100UTTKh/15A16 231
7.3 R-36M2/15A18M/RS-20V 238
7.4 The Yangel Zone in Baikonur 244
7.5 The Dnipro launcher from Kosmotras 244
Chapter 8 Zenit-2, Sea Launch and Land Launch 255
8.1 The 11K77/Zenit-2 and 11K25/Energia launchers 255
8.2 The Zenit-3SL Sea Launch launcher 272
8.3 The Zenit-3SLB Land Launch launcher 282
8.4 Feniks, Sunkar, Soyuz-5/Irtysh 288
Chapter 9 Solid Propellants 293
9.1 History 293
9.2 The 8K99/RT-20P missile (SS-15 Scrooge) 300
9.3 15J41/RT-21 and 15J43/RT-22 305
9.4 The silo-based 15J44/RT-23 and rail-based 15J52/RT-23 (SS-24 Scalpel, RS-22 and 22A) 306
9.5 The 3D65 stage of the R-39 SLBM (Sturgeon SSN-20) 312
9.6 The silo-based 15J60/RT-23U and rail-based 15J61/RT-23U (SS-24 Scalpel, RS-22B and RS-22V) 316
9.7 Unrealized solid-propellant missile projects 328
Chapter 10 The Ukrainian Space Program Since 1991 333
10.1 Independence 333
10.2 The Ukrainian Space Agency 334
10.3 The space industry 341
10.4 Ground-based infrastructure 342
10.5 The space program 346
10.6 Manned flights 346
10.7 Twinning with the European Union 349
10.8 Launch companies 350
Appendix 367
References 445
Index of Names 457
Index of Concepts 465
