Fundamentals of Cellular and Molecular Biology is a comprehensive textbook designed to explain the molecular mechanisms that underpin the functions and structures within living organisms. This resource focuses on improving the reader’s understanding and exploration of the cellular and molecular basis of life, emphasizing the latest research findings and technological advancements. The book is structured into 18 chapters that systematically cover topics ranging from the basic structural components of cells to the complex processes of gene expression, protein synthesis, and cell signaling. It offers a detailed examination of DNA replication, repair mechanisms, and the molecular basis of genetic diseases. Additionally, the book explains the application of molecular biology in biotechnology, medicine, and environmental science, as well as advanced topics like cloning, gene therapy, and molecular diagnostics.
Key Features
- Clear explanations of complex concepts, bridging basic biology concepts with applied scientific fields
- Uses real-world examples to illustrate scientific principles
- Includes information on the latest research and technological breakthroughs.
- Glossaries and references for each chapter
- Facilitates learning with diagrams, flowcharts, and tables that summarize critical information, making complex subjects accessible.
Readership
Students in life science courses such as biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, and medicine.Table of Contents
Chapter 1 the Cell and Its Molecular Constituents- Samiullah Sajid and Imran Abdullah
- Introduction
- Cellular Structures
- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
- Molecular Constituents
- Amino Acids and Proteins
- Three-Dimensional Protein Structure
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Fatty Acids
- Phosphoglycerates
- Steroids
- Nucleic Acids
- Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- Ribonucleic Acid
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Atta Ur Rahman
- Introduction
- Deoxyribonucleic Acid (Dna)
- Double Helix Model
- Chemical Properties of Dna
- Supercoiling in Dna
- Dna Topoisomerases
- Types of Dna
- Other Dna Structures: Curvature
- Cruciform Structures
- Holliday Junctions
- Ribonucleic Acid (Rna)
- Chemical Composition of Rna
- Secondary Structure
- Classification of Rna
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Kainat Gul
- Introduction
- Unidirectional and Bidirectional Replication
- Initiation
- Elongation
- Termination
- Proteins Involved in Dna Replication
- Regulation of Dna Replication
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Shumaila Yousaf and Saba Nasir
- Introduction
- Nature of Mutations
- Classification of Mutations
- Classification by Location
- Classification by Type of Molecular Alterations
- Classification by Phenotypic Effects
- Spontaneous Mutations
- Errors During Dna Replication
- Replication Slips
- Tautomeric Modifications
- Hydrolytic Damage: Deamination
- Oxidative Damage
- Frequency of Mutations
- Induced Mutations
- Base Analogues
- Nitrous Acid, Acridine Dyes, and Alkylating Agents
- Radiation-Induced Mutations
- Mutations in Man
- Sickle Cell Disease
- Sos System
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Zain Ul Abedien
- Introduction
- Origin of Restriction Enzymes
- Nomenclature
- Classification of Restriction Enzymes
- Type I
- Type Ii
- Type Iii
- Applications of Restriction Enzymes
- Types of Cuts Produced by Restriction Enzymes
- Isoschizomers
- Families of Restriction Enzymes
- Factors Affecting the Activity of Restriction Enzymes
- Storage Conditions and Preservation of Restriction Enzymes
- Selection of the Appropriate Restriction Enzyme
- Efficiency in the Use of Restriction Enzymes
- Amount of Enzyme Suitable for An Assay
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Zain Ul Abedien and Rai Shafqat Ali
- Introduction
- Cloning
- Cloning Vectors
- Classification of Vectors
- Plasmids
- Bacteriophages
- Cosmid
- Artificial Chromosomes
- Expression Vectors
- Expression Vector Components
- Molecular Cloning
- Applications of Molecular Cloning
- Library
- Cdna Libraries
- Gdna Libraries
- Recombinant Protein
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Farwa Mehmood
- Introduction
- Basics of Nucleic Acid
- Recombinant Dna Technology
- Genomic Libraries
- Cloning
- Dna Preparation
- Construction of the Plasmid or Complex Dna Vector-Inserts
- Transformation
- Expression of Cloned Dna in a Bacterial System
- Applications of Recombinant Dna Technology
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Itrat Fatima Toor
- Introduction
- Polymorphisms
- Types of Polymorphism
- Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
- Polymorphism With Tandem Repeats
- Random Sequence Polymorphisms
- Protein Polymorphisms
- Pattern Analysis or Dna Fingerprinting
- Pattern Detection Methods
- Controversies in the Analysis of the Genetic Fingerprint
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Hira Asghar
- Introduction
- Health and Pharmaceutical Industries
- Forensic Medicine
- Vaccines
- Food Industry
- Plants
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Maheen Shafiq
- Introduction
- The Liver as a Target Organ
- Therapeutic Strategies for Hepatic Fibrosis
- Advances in Vector Gene Technology
- Gene Therapy in Liver Fibrosis
- Antisense Therapy
- Considerations and New Strategies
- Glossary
- Review Questions
- References
- Sanaullah Sajid
- Introduction
- Energy Pathways During Physical Activity
- Anaerobic A-Lactic Pathway: Phosphocreatine
- Anaerobic Pathway: Anaerobic Glycolysis
- Aerobic Pathway
- Aerobic Pathway: Aerobic Glycolysis
- Aerobic Pathway: Aerobic Lipolysis
- Types of Muscle Fibers and Their Influence on Sports Performance
- Physiological Changes Promoted by Constant Exercise
- Changes in Gene Expression During Exercise
- Genes That Regulate Muscle Size
- Energetics Genes in Muscle
- Cardiovascular Genes
- Genes of Metabolism
- Antioxidant Genes
- Vo2Max and Genetics
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
- Bdkrb2 Gene
- Application of Molecular Biology in Sports
- Glossary
Author
- Sanaullah Sajid
- Sajjad ur Rahman
- Shahid Mahmood
- Shayan Bashir
