Miniaturization and the emergence of nanotechnology have together constituted the most revolutionary development in recent decades of computing research and innovation. Nanomagnetic computing and logic have allowed engineers and programmers to move beyond the Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) and their associated methods into a new world of cutting-edge computing technology.
Nanoscale Computing offers the first-ever single-authored textbook on this vital subject, introducing the fundamentals of nanoscale computing, their suitability to the traditional limitations of CMOS computing, and their growing number of applications. The result is a key text for students, professionals, and researchers alike.
Nanoscale Computing readers will also find: - An emphasis on practical applications, both current and future - Detailed discussion of topics including nanomagnetic logic, edge computing, and more - End of chapter quizzes and additional tutorials to facilitate learning
Nanoscale Computing is ideal for researchers and technology experts, as well as graduate and undergraduate students working in computer science, nanotechnology, magnetics, electronics, semiconductors, electron devices, circuits/systems, and multi-interdisciplinary related fields.
Table of Contents
About the Author xvii
Preface xxi
Acknowledgements xxiii
Acronyms xxv
Introduction xxvii
About the Companion Website xxxi
1 Introduction to Nanoscale Computing 1
1.1 Overview of Nanoscale Computing 2
1.2 Evolution Beyond CMOS 12
1.3 Edge AI Devices: A Driving Force 20
1.4 Architecture and Material Design 25
1.5 Scope of the Book 29
1.6 Conclusion 31
2 Limitations of CMOS Technology 33
2.1 Challenges in Traditional CMOS Technology 33
2.2 Implications for Computing Systems 50
2.3 Technological and Economic Challenges 59
2.4 Bridging to Nanoscale Computing 66
2.5 Educational Emphasis 70
3 Fundamentals of Nanomagnetic Logic 73
3.1 Introduction to Nanomagnetic Logic 74
3.2 Fundamentals of Coupling Mechanisms in Nanomagnetic Logic 92
3.3 Design and Operation of Nanomagnetic Logic Gates 104
3.4 Signal Processing in Nanomagnetic Logic 112
3.5 Energy Considerations and Efficiency 118
3.6 Educational Emphasis 127
4 Nanomagnetic Logic Architectures 137
4.1 Overview of Nanomagnetic Logic Architectures 148
4.2 Major Nanomagnetic Logic Architectures 154
4.3 Fundamentals of NML Architecture 169
4.4 Parallel and Pipelined Architectures 175
4.5 Reconfigurable Nanomagnetic Architectures 180
4.6 Conclusion 183
5 Material Design for Nanoscale Computing 187
5.1 Importance of Material Selection in Nanoscale Computing 188
5.2 Magnetic Materials for Nanomagnetic Logic 199
5.3 Nonmagnetic Materials in Nanoscale Computing 214
5.4 Multiferroic and Spintronic Materials 225
6 Nanoscale Computing at the Edge: AI Devices and Applications 239
6.1 Introduction to Edge Computing 240
6.2 Intersection of Nanoscale Computing and Edge AI 244
6.3 Applications of Edge AI in Nanoscale Computing 251
6.4 Edge AI in Robotics and Autonomous Systems 258
6.5 Conclusion 270
7 Hybrid Computing Systems and Emerging Applications 273
7.1 Introduction to Hybrid Computing 274
7.2 Nanomagnetic-CMOS Hybrid Architectures 278
7.3 Neuromorphic Hybrid Systems 296
7.4 Educational Emphasis 308
8 Challenges, Conclusions, Road-Map, and Future Perspectives 313
8.1 Challenges in Nanoscale Computing 314
8.2 Environmental Impact 335
8.3 Integration with Other Technologies 337
8.4 Nanoscale Computing Technologies Roadmap 352
8.5 Conclusions and Key Findings 359
8.6 Research Opportunities and Directions 361
References 370
Index 371
