Borehole geophysics involves measuring, imaging, and monitoring subsurface structures and activities by putting instruments into wellbores. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology is emerging as an effective and reliable tool in borehole geophysics because fiber-optic cables deployed at depth can produce high-quality data and images, even in harsh high-temperature and high-pressure environments.
Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Borehole Geophysics is a comprehensive handbook on cutting-edge advances in borehole DAS technologies and their practical applications across geophysics.
Volume highlights include: - Summary of the evolution of DAS technologies and their primary applications- New developments in borehole DAS instrumentation and modeling- Examples of DAS data acquisition and processing in different contexts - Variety of imaging methods and techniques for integration of images with other data - Applications of borehole DAS systems, including monitoring earthquakes and hydraulic fracturing operations- Case studies of borehole DAS projects at diverse sites around the world, ranging from glaciers to geothermal fields
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Table of Contents
Preface
1. Recent Advances in Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Borehole Geophysics
Yingping Li, Robert Mellors, and Ge Zhan
Part I Borehole DAS Instrumentation and Modeling
2. Integrated Distributed Strain Sensing for Wellbore and Reservoir and Monitoring
Mahmoud Farhadiroushan, Tom R. Parker, Sergey Shatalin, Ze Chen, Arran Gillies, Rufat Aghayev, Daniel Pérez, Jack Maxwell, and Craig Milne
3. A Microwave Photonics Optical Fiber Method for Measuring Distributed Strain for Hydrologic Applications in the Vadose and Saturated Zones
Liwei Hua, Lawrence C. Murdoch, Xuran Zhu, Leonid N. Germanovich, Yongji Wu, Jing Guo, Riley Blais, Grant Plunkett, Olivia Costantino, Scott DeWolf, Rob Moak, and Hai Xiao
4. A Fiber-optic, Multi-component Sensor for Borehole-seismic Formation Imaging and for Monitoring of Natural or Induced Seismicity
Jakob B. U. Haldorsen, Caleb Christensen, D. Rick Metzbower, and Audrius Berzanskis
5. Three-component DAS Arrays with Three-dimensional Fiber Cable Deployment
Yingping Li, David Li, Lianjie Huang, and Yingcai Zheng
6. Comparing DAS and Geophone VSP Imaging-Acquisition Efficiency of DAS Versus the Multi-component Advantage of Geophone Data
Jingjing Zong, Jizhong Yang, Yunyue Elita Li, Arthur Cheng, Xiang Wu, and Mark Willis
Part II Borehole DAS Acquisition and Processing
7. Smart DAS Uphole Acquisition System: Bridging the Gap Between Surface Seismic and Borehole Geophysics for Imaging and Monitoring in Complex Near-surface Environments
Andrey Bakulin, Ilya Silvestrov, Robert Smith, and Pavel Golikov
8. Joint Surface and Borehole DAS-VSP Data Acquisition and Processing
Gang Yu, Jinling Xiong, Yuanzhong Chen, Junjun Wu, Yishui Zhao, Zhonglin Cao, Guangming He, Yu Zhang, Xiang Li, and Hui Chen
9. DAS-acquired Wellbore Seismic Data Using Hybrid Wireline Cable: Field Data Examples
Alejandro Martinez, Manuel Useche, and Ali Sayed
10. Geothermal Reservoir Characterization Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing from Vertical Seismic Profiling in Six Geothermal Fields in Japan
Junzo Kasahara, Yoko Hasada, and Hitoshi Mikada
11. Borehole and Surface Applications of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for Characterization of the Cryosphere and Glacial Environments
Alex M. Brisbourne, Thomas S. Hudson, and J. Michael Kendall
12. STW Stratigraphy Test Well (Hydrate-01) DAS 3D VSP Processing
Teck Kean Lim, Akira Fujimoto, Toshiaki Kobayashi, Sergei Tcherkashnev, and Michael Mondanos
13. Potential of Seismic Attenuation for Exploring Complex Media: A Focus on Carbonate Rocks
Fateh Bouchaala, Seda Rouxel, and Bing Zhou
14. DAS-to-velocity Transform for Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) Applications
Ali Sayed, Manish Lal Khaitan, Alejandro Martinez, and Robert R. Stewart
15. Automatic Picking of DAS-VSP First-Arrival Traveltimes Using a Differential-Phase-Spectral Slope Method
David Li, Lianjie Huang, Yingcai Zheng, and Yingping Li
16. A Prospective Evaluation of Borehole DAS Technologies for Detecting and 2 Locating Out-of-network Microseismicity
Federica Lanza, Katinka B. Tuinstra, Antonio P. Rinaldi, Verónica Rodríguez Tribaldos, Chet Hopp, Falko Bethmann, Ben Dyer, Peter Meier, Francisco Serbeto, Marian Hertrich, Domenico Giardini, and Stefan Wiemer
Part III Borehole DAS Imaging and Inversion
17. DAS-VSP P-P and P-S Wave Imaging Method: A Fast Ray-based Approach Through Multi Template Fast Advancement Algorithm
Yuanzhong Chen, Jingjing Zong, Shujun Xia, Fei Wang, Hao Zhang, and Guangmin Hu
18. DAS VSP Imaging Workflow: Transitioning from the Geophone Era
Takashi Mizuno, Shujaat Ali, Pierre Bettinelli, and Joel Le Calvez
19. Seismic Imaging of Reservoir Fractures Using DAS Data
Brian N. Fuller
20. Multiwell Distributed Acoustic Sensing 3D Vertical Seismic Profile Under Flowing Conditions: Toward Solving the Processing and Imaging Challenges
Shujaat Ali, Francesco Miranda, Spadavecchia Emmanuel, and Olga Podgonova
21. Enhanced Geothermal Reservoir Characterization Using Wireline Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Evgeniia Martuganova, Ben Norden, Guido Blöocher, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
22. DAS and DTS Geophysical Study in the Takigami Geothermal Field in Northeastern Kyushu, Japan
Junzo Kasahara, Yoko Hasada, Shigetsugu Furuya, Masahiro Shimazaki, Hitoshi Mikada, Hiroshi Ohnuma, and Yoshihiro Fujise
23. Multi-azimuth Elastic Full-waveform Inversion of Fiber-optic and Accelerometer VSP Data: A Field Example From the Carbon Management Canada Newell County Facility, Alberta, Canada
Xiaohui Cai, Kristopher A. Innanen, Mattew V. Eaid, Scott D. Keating, Qi Hu, and Donald C. Lawton
Part IV Borehole DAS Monitoring
24. Seismological Applications of Downhole DAS
Ariel Lellouch
25. Investigation of DAS Characteristics by Complementary Observations of DAS in Geothermal Wells and by Surface Seismometers
Yoko Hasada, Junzo Kasahara, Hitoshi Mikada, and Hiroshi Ohnuma
26. Spatiotemporal Monitoring of a Frequently-slip Fault Zone Using Downhole Distributed Acoustic Sensing at the MiDAS Project
Hsin-Hua Huang, Kou-Fong Ma, En-Shih Wu, Yun-Ze Cheng, Chin-Jen Lin, Chin-Shang Ku, and Po-Li Su
27. Monitoring Granitic and Sedimentary Rocks at the Utah FORGE Site Using Borehole DAS Ambient Noise
David Li, Lianjie Huang, Yingcai Zheng, and Yingping Li
28. Enhancing Unconventional Reservoir Development through Low-Frequency Distributed Acoustic Sensing (LF-DAS) Technology
Yanrui Ning and Ge Jin
29. Recent Advances in the Use of Temporary Optical Fiber Deployment for Downhole Hydraulic Fracture Monitoring
Yuanyuan Ma, Chaoyi Wang, Vikram Maji, Rebecca O. Salvage, Kelly MacDougall, and David Eaton
30. Use of DAS and DSS Technologies for Geomechanical Characterization of Rock Mass Response in Mesoscale Experiments in Underground Laboratories: Lessons Learned
Verónica Rodríguez Tribaldos, Chet Hopp, Antonio Pio Rinaldi, Katinka Tuinstra, Federica Lanza, Jonathan Ajo-Franklin, Timothy Kneafsey, Michelle Robertson, Yves Guglielmi, and Alba Zappone
31. Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Borehole Geophysics: New Advances and Future Directions
Yingping Li, Robert Mellors, and Ge Zhan
