This study looks at law library spending plans for a broad range of print resources including both primary and secondary legal materials in many formats, books, looseleaf services, legal encyclopedias, journals, newspapers and magazines and other information vehicles.
The study provides highly precise information from a sample of 32 law libraries of spending levels in 2022, 2024 and anticipated for 2025 in each of these areas.
The study also looks at spending on non-legal themed print materials and at issues such as the amount of space used to house and store the print collection in 2023, 2024 and anticipated for 2025. The study gives its readers a highly detailed sense of the plans that law libraries have for their print collections, including comprehensive spending and preference data.
Data in the report is broken out by the type and size of the law library and by the personal age of the survey respondent (which appears to impact spending decisions).
Just a few of this 100-page report’s many findings are that:
- Mean spending on print materials by the law libraries in the sample was $329,568 in 2024, a drop of 1.71% from 2023.
- The mean amount of space used by large law firms libraries in the sample to house their print collections is expected to have fallen by 50% by 2025 relative to the level in 2023.
- Law firm libraries with fewer than 150 lawyers culled 21% of the book collection each year, the highest in the sample among types of law library; law school libraries culled the lowest percentage, 2.75% each year.
- Law school library spending on print materials rose in the past year.
- Courthouse libraries in the sample used a mean of 1,390 square feet of office space to house their print collection.
Table of Contents
- Characteristics of the sample
- Spending on Print Materials 2023 and 2024 Compared
- Outlook for Spending on Print Materials Over the Next Five Years
- Percentage of Print Book Titles Culled Annually
- Legal Journal Subscriptions with Paper Copy Maintained, 2023, 2024 and Anticipated for 2025
- Legal Journal Subscriptions with Paper ONLY Copy Maintained, 2023, 2024 and Anticipated for 2025
- Encyclopedias with Paper Copy Maintained, 2023, 2024 and Anticipated for 2025
- Looseleaf Services Subscriptions with Paper Copy Maintained, 2023, 2024 and Anticipated for 2025
- Spending on Looseleaf Services that do not Including Print Formats
- Law Library Spending on Print Subscriptions to Newspapers and Magazines (Non-Research or Professional Journals): 2023, 2024, and Anticipated for 2025
- Law Library Spending on Non-Legal Themed Print Books and Online Book Purchases 2023- 2024 and anticipated for 2025
- Spending on Print Books from Amazon and Other Online Book Sellers (2023)
- Trends in Law Library and Other Space Allocated to Storing Print Collections
- Summary of Breakdown of Law Library Print Materials Budget Allocation: Primary, Secondary, and Nonlegal Materials
- Spending on Print Forms of Secondary Legal Materials
- Primary vs. Secondary Legal Materials in Print Formats
Table 1.1.1 What has been the library’s total spending on print materials in each of the following years: (2024 is the 202324 academic or fiscal year. etc.) (in $US) 2023
Table 1.1.2 What has been the library’s total spending on print materials in each of the following years: (2024 is the 202324 academic or fiscal year. etc.) (in $US) 2023 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 1.1.3 What has been the library’s total spending on print materials in each of the following years: (2024 is the 202324 academic or fiscal year. etc.) (in $US) 2023 Broken out by type of law library
Table 1.1.4 What has been the library’s total spending on print materials in each of the following years: (2024 is the 202324 academic or fiscal year. etc.) (in $US) 2023 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 1.2.1 What has been the library’s total spending on print materials in each of the following years: (2024 is the 202324 academic or fiscal year. etc.) (in $US) 2024
Table 1.2.2 What has been the library’s total spending on print materials in each of the following years: (2024 is the 202324 academic or fiscal year. etc.) (in $US) 2024 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 1.2.3 What has been the library’s total spending on print materials in each of the following years: (2024 is the 202324 academic or fiscal year. etc.) (in $US) 2024 Broken out by type of law library
Table 1.2.4 What has been the library’s total spending on print materials in each of the following years: (2024 is the 202324 academic or fiscal year. etc.) (in $US) 2024 Broken out by age of respondent
In your view what will happen to your library's print materials collection over the next five years? Will it become larger or smaller? If so, what areas will be most affected and why? Will spending remain the same? Increase or decrease?
Table 2.1 Approximately what percentage of titles in your print book collection do you cull each year?
Table 2.2 Approximately what percentage of titles in your print book collection do you cull each year? Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 2.3 Approximately what percentage of titles in your print book collection do you cull each year? Broken out by type of law library
Table 2.4 Approximately what percentage of titles in your print book collection do you cull each year? Broken out by age of respondent
Table 3 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats)
Table 3.1.1 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2023
Table 3.1.2 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2023 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 3.1.3 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2023 Broken out by type of law library
Table 3.1.4 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2023 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 3.2.1 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2024
Table 3.2.2 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2024 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 3.2.3 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2024 Broken out by type of law library
Table 3.2.4 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2024 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 3.3.1 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2025 (anticipated)
Table 3.3.2 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 3.3.3 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by type of law library
Table 3.3.4 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years (include journals available in both print and online formats) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by age of respondent
Table 4 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats)
Table 4.1.1 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2023
Table 4.1.2 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2023 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 4.1.3 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2023 Broken out by type of law library
Table 4.1.4 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2023 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 4.2.1 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2024
Table 4.2.2 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2024 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 4.2.3 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2024 Broken out by type of law library
Table 4.2.4 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2024 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 4.3.1 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2025 (anticipated)
Table 4.3.2 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 4.3.3 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by type of law library
Table 4.3.4 How many subscriptions to legal journals in print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years NOT including those to which the library maintains a subscription that include journals available in both print and online formats) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by age of respondent
Table 5 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions.
Table 5.1.1 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2023
Table 5.1.2 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2023 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 5.1.3 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2023 Broken out by type of law library
Table 5.1.4 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2023 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 5.2.1 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2024
Table 5.2.2 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2024 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 5.2.3 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2024 Broken out by type of law library
Table 5.2.4 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2024 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 5.3.1 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2025 (anticipated)
Table 5.3.2 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 5.3.3 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by type of law library
Table 5.3.4 How many volumes of legal encyclopedias in print format has the library maintained in each of the following years? Note that the question is about volumes and not subscriptions. 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by age of respondent
What is the future of print legal encyclopedias at your library?
Table 6 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years?
Table 6.1.1 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2023
Table 6.1.2 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 6.1.3 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by type of law library
Table 6.1.4 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 6.2.1 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2024
Table 6.2.2 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 6.2.3 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by type of law library
Table 6.2.4 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 6.3.1 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated)
Table 6.3.2 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 6.3.3 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by type of law library
Table 6.3.4 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by age of respondent
Table 7 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years?
Table 7.1.1 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2023
Table 7.1.2 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 7.1.3 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by type of law library
Table 7.1.4 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 7.2.1 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2024
Table 7.2.2 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 7.2.3 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by type of law library
Table 7.2.4 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 7.3.1 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated)
Table 7.3.2 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 7.3.3 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by type of law library
Table 7.3.4 How many subscriptions to looseleaf services that do not include print formats has the library maintained in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by age of respondent
What is the future of print versions of print looseleaf services at your library?
Table 8 How is the library's print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%.
Table 8.1.1 How is the library’s print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Primary Works
Table 8.1.2 How is the library’s print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Primary Works Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 8.1.3 How is the library’s print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Primary Works Broken out by type of law library
Table 8.1.4 How is the library’s print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Primary Works Broken out by age of respondent
Table 8.2.1 How is the library’s print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Secondary Works
Table 8.2.2 How is the library’s print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Secondary Works Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 8.2.3 How is the library’s print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Secondary Works Broken out by type of law library
Table 8.2.4 How is the library’s print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Secondary Works Broken out by age of respondent
Table 8.3.1 How is the library's print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Nonlegal Subjects
Table 8.3.2 How is the library's print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Nonlegal Subjects Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 8.3.3 How is the library's print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Nonlegal Subjects Broken out by type of law library
Table 8.3.4 How is the library's print materials budget approximately divided between primary (cases, laws, regulations, statutes), secondary (journals, treatises, books, reference works, etc.), and nonlegal materials? The answers should add up to 100%. Nonlegal Subjects Broken out by age of respondent
Table 9 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years?
Table 9.1.1 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2023
Table 9.1.2 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2023 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 9.1.3 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2023 Broken out by type of law library
Table 9.1.4 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2023 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 9.2.1 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2024
Table 9.2.2 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2024 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 9.2.3 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2024 Broken out by type of law library
Table 9.2.4 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2024 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 9.3.1 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2025 (anticipated)
Table 9.3.2 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 9.3.3 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by type of law library
Table 9.3.4 How much has the library spent on print subscriptions to newspapers and magazines that are not research or professional journals in each of the following years? (in $US) 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by age of respondent
What is the future of magazine and newspaper use at your library?
Table 10.1 In the past year, how much has the library spent on print versions of books that are not legal materials? (in $US)
Table 10.2 In the past year, how much has the library spent on print versions of books that are not legal materials? (in $US) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 10.3 In the past year, how much has the library spent on print versions of books that are not legal materials? (in $US) Broken out by type of law library
Table 10.4 In the past year, how much has the library spent on print versions of books that are not legal materials? (in $US) Broken out by age of respondent
Table 11.1 How much has the library spent in the past year on print books from Amazon and other online book sellers? (in $US)
Table 11.2 How much has the library spent in the past year on print books from Amazon and other online book sellers? (in $US) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 11.3 How much has the library spent in the past year on print books from Amazon and other online book sellers? (in $US) Broken out by type of law library
Table 11.4 How much has the library spent in the past year on print books from Amazon and other online book sellers? (in $US) Broken out by age of respondent
Table 12 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years?
Table 12.1.1 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2023
Table 12.1.2 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 12.1.3 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by type of law library
Table 12.1.4 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2023 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 12.2.1 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2024
Table 12.2.2 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 12.2.3 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by type of law library
Table 12.2.4 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2024 Broken out by age of respondent
Table 12.3.1 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated)
Table 12.3.2 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by number of FTE librarians
Table 12.3.3 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by type of law library
Table 12.3.4 Approximately what is the square footage of space (inhouse or outsourced) of space allocated to storing print collections of any kind by your library in each of the following years? 2025 (anticipated) Broken out by age of respondent
What is the future of storage space for print collections at or by your library?
Sources / Contributors
- Adler Pollock & Sheehan
- Bondurant, Mixson & Elmore
- Capital University Law School
- Carmody & Torrance
- CLBC
- CLIC Vermont Law & Graduate School
- Contra Costa County Public Law Library
- Courts Administration Service Library Services
- Cox Palmer
- DLA Piper
- Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
- Government of NL
- Gowling WLG (Canada)
- Hastings & Prince Edward Law Assoc.
- Jameson Law Library
- Justice Canada
- Kegler Brown Hill + Ritter
- Los Angeles County Law Library
- Marin County Law Library
- Mendocino County Law
- Mitchell Hamline School of Law
- Nossaman LLP
- Porzio Bromberg & Newman, P.C.
- Renfrew County Law Association Law Library
- San Diego Law Library
- St. Mary's University Law Library
- Supreme Court of Nevada Law Library
- UMass Law Library
- University of California Irvine Law Library
- US Court of Appeals 11th Circ Library
- Wayne State University
- Yolo County Law Library
Methodology
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