The Brain: A Systems Neuroscience Perspective is a comprehensive textbook designed for undergraduate students in neuroscience. It offers a detailed exploration of brain dynamics, spatial navigation, and the neuroscience of Alzheimer's disease, with an emphasis on understanding complex concepts through simplified mathematical models. The objective is to provide a solid foundation for readers in systems neuroscience.
Key Topics
- Fundamental Brain Dynamics: Covers the basics of brain organization, neural systems, and the role of differential equations in neuroscience (Chapters 1-3).
- Spatial Navigation: Discusses the neural mechanisms underlying spatial navigation and the geometry of neural maps (Chapter 4).
- Alzheimer’s Disease: Presents a simplified mathematical theory of Alzheimer’s dementia, exploring its onset, progression, and potential interventions (Chapter 5).
Key Features
- Accessible Approach: Minimizes mathematical complexity to make the subject approachable for readers with a basic understanding of differential equations.
- Standalone Resource: Provides all essential knowledge on brain function, making it a valuable tool for both coursework and self-study. Includes references for advanced readers.
Readership
- Undergraduate neuroscience students and researchers who require a foundation in systems neuroscience.
Table of Contents
CONTENTS
PREFACE
CHAPTER 1 ELEMENTS OF ORGANIZATION
INTRODUCTION
CENTRAL, PARASYMPATHETIC AND SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEMS
ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
- Limbic System
- Reward System
- A Mathematical Theory of Reward
- Optimal Control Theory And Free-energy Principle
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER
- Neuropil
- Neurovascular Unit (NVU)
- Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier
- Adrenergic Receptors
- Cholinergic Receptors
BASIC CIRCUIT IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 2 NEURONS, GLIAL CELLS AND IMAGING
INTRODUCTION
NEURONS
- Types of Neurons
- Sensory Neurons
GLIAL CELLS
MICROGLIA
ASTROCYTES
OLIGODENDROCYTES
IMAGING
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI)
THE FMRI SIGNAL
DIFFUSION MRI
- Diffusion Tensor MRI
- Dynamic Causal Modeling For fMRI
NEURAL DYNAMICS WITH SUBCELLULAR STRUCTURE
- Structural MRI
MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY
MEG COMPLEXITY MEASURE
POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY
- Emission of Positron: The Phenomenon Of Pair Production
CONCLUSION
THE TWO WORLDS
- Classical World
- Schrodinger’s Cat
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 3 NEURAL SYSTEMS IN LEARNING AND MEMORY
INTRODUCTION
MAIN FORMS OF MEMORY
- Sensory Memory
- Vision
- Hearing
- Touch and Balance
- Taste and Smell
- Short-Term Memory
- Measuring Complexity of Information
- Long-Term Memory
- Brain systems associated with memory
ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING AND MEMORY
INFORMATION TRANSPORT IN THE BRAIN: CELLULAR SIGNALING
- Phase-coupled oscillations
- The Model
- Sources of Noise
- Noisy synaptic coupling for two coupled Systems
- Noisy electrical coupling for two coupled neural non- identical systems
- The Fast Subsystem
- The Slow Subsystem
- Dynamics of Coupled Systems
- Noisy Synaptic and Electrical coupling
- Noisy synaptic coupling for two coupled neural systems
- Noisy electrical coupling for two neural coupled system
- Noisy electrical coupling for two coupled nonidentical neural system
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 4 GEOMETRY OF NAVIGATION IN SPACE: NEURAL MAPS
INTRODUCTION
OSCILLATORY INTERFERENCE MODEL FOR PLACE CELL FIRING
OSCILLATORY INTERFERENCE MODEL OF FIRING IN GRID CELLS
NEURONAL CODES FOR COGNITION
UNDERSTANDING MEMORY AND ITS LOSS THROUGH GRID CELLS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 5 ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: DIAGNOSIS AND CURE
INTRODUCTION
- Pathways
SYNAPTIC DYSFUNCTION AS A CAUSAL MECHANISM OF AD
- Amyloid β Accumulation and Synaptic Dysfunction
- Tau Pathology and Synaptic Dysfunction
TRANSMISSIBLE ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: PRIONS AS CAUSATIVE AGENTS
GAMMA OSCILLATIONS (RHYTHMIC OSCILLATIONS IN LOCAL FIELD POTENTIALS) IN BRAIN OSCILLATORY NETWORK
- Harnessing Gamma Brain Waves to Clear AD Proteins
A MATHEMATICAL THEORY OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
- Formulation of the Model System
- Assumption 1
- Assumption 2
- Assumption 3
- Assumption 4
- Assumption 5
- Definition of Variables
- Antiproton
- Entangled States Represent a Femto Particle (cf. Fig. 8)
- Measurement of total scattering cross-section
FEMTOPARTICLES IN DRUG DISCOVERY
CONCLUSION
WHAT CLINICIANS WILL DO TO DETECT ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
- Check for BBB Breakdown in the Aging Hippocampus
- Check for His E7 Gate Opening: Proximal and Distal Effects
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 6 BRAIN AND BEAUTY: NEUROSCIENCE OF ROMANTICISM
INTRODUCTION
CHARACTERISTICS OF LITERATURE
- Harmony and Dissonance
- Self-reflexive abilities
MEANING AND INTERPRETATION
PREDICTIVE FRAMEWORK AND CODING
PERSIAN
ARABIC
URDU
HINDI
Mahadevi Verma
DEVELOPMENTS IN SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO TRANSFORM THE STUDY OF LITERARY HISTORIES
- History of English Literature
- History of American Literature
RECENT ADVANCES IN COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCES
- Brain Oscillatory Network
- Phase - coupled Oscillations (Chapter 1)
- Other Developments
- Discovery of the femto particle
CURRENT THEORIES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
- Romantic Integration
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
SUBJECT INDEX
Author
- Vikas Rai
